初二重难点突破
一、系统语法归纳法
考点一之形容词的位置
1.概念：说明人或事物的特征，性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词
2.句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语,宾语补足语
3.在句中的位置
(1) 作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后
Eg.The beautiful girl is my sister. I have something important to tell you.
实战练习： Amy used to have hair.But now she has curly hair. A.short B.black C.straight D.long
They called the police but didn’t find____.
A. anything strange B. strange anything
C. nothing strange D. strange nothing
(2) 作表语，放在系动词之后
Eg.Our school is big and clean. I felt terrible this morning.
实战练习：
Be____. Make sure not to make the same spelling mistake next time.
A.peaceful B.careful C.helpful D.thankful
Jack is afraid of flying. He feels____before he gets on a plane.
A.surprised B.excited C.proud D.nervous
（3）作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后
Eg.You must keep your eyes closed. I find it hard to travl around the big city. 实战练习：
Who made you_____,he or she?
A. please B. pleasing C. pleased D. to please
(4) 某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见词有
good/bad, rich/poor, young/old, deaf/blind, black/white, living/dead等
Eg.The rich should help the poor. The young should be polite to the old.
考点二之形容词的变化规则
1.形容词比较等级的构成：原级，比较级和最高级
2.构成规则
考点三之形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征，性质和状态时用形容词原级
Eg.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原
级
Eg.The boy is too young.
The boy is so luchy.He had a chance to join the army.
3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级
(1)肯定句中的结构：“A...＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B”
Eg.English is as interesting as Chinese. Xian Ming is as tall as Jim.
实战练习：
English is as____as Chinese.
A.more important B.most important
C.important D.the most important
(2)否定句中的结构：“A... ＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B” Eg.This book isn’t as new as that one. I am not so careful as Lucy.
实战练习：
Kate is not as____as Jim.
A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.much taller
(3)表示“A是B的„„倍”时，用“A...＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as
＋B”结构。（一次：once,两次：twice,三次以上：数字＋times）
Eg.Our school is three times as big as theirs.
This taable is twice as long as that one. 考点四之形容词比较级的用法
1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A... ＋比较级＋than＋B”
Eg.Li Li’s room is bigger than mine. This mooncake is nicer than that one.
注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one代替可数名词单数形式，the ones或those代替可数名词复数形式，that代替不可数名词
Eg.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in
winter.
2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时，用形容词比较级
Eg.I feel even worse now. It is much colder today than before.
3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更„„”时，用句型“which/who is＋形容词比较级，A or B?”表示
Eg.Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?
Which sweater is more beautiful,the yellow one or the pink one? 实战练习：
Which movie is____,this one or that one?
A.more interesting B.the most interesting
C.interesting D.interest
4.表示“几倍于„„”时，用“倍数＋比较级＋than”表示
Eg.I am three years older than you.
5.表示“两者之间最„„一个(of the two)”时，常用“the＋比较级”
结构
Eg.Mary is the taller of the twins.
实战练习：
Of the two T-shirts,the boy choose____one.
A.more expensive B.much expensive
C.the more expensive D.the most expensive
6.表示“越来越„„”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级＋and＋比较级”，
多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more＋形容词原级”
Eg.It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
实战练习：
China is becoming____.
A.strong and strong B.stronger and stronger
C.more and more strong D.more strong and more strong
7.表示“越„„就越„„”时，用“the＋比较级,the＋比较级”结构 Eg.The more we get together,the happier we’ll be.
实战练习：
--Are you worried about the coming exam?
--No,I think the more___you are,___mistakes you’ll make.
A.careful;the less B.carefully;the fewer
C.carefully;the least D.careful;the fewer 考点五之形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围
Eg.He is the strongest of the three boys. Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
实战练习：
This is____library in our city.
A.big B.bigger C.the biggest D.the most biggest
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“which/who is＋the
＋最高级，A,B or C?”结构
Eg.Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?
3.表示“最„„的„„之一”时，用“one of the＋形容词最高级”结构，
该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式
Eg.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.
实战练习：
English is one of the___at school.
A.most difficult subject B.most difficult subjects
C.more difficult subject D.more difficult subjects
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最„„”
Eg.Changjiang is the first longest river in China.
5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰，但
此时不能再用定冠词the
Eg.This is our last lesson today. Yesterday was his busiest day.
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义
Eg.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. =Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class. =Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class. =Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.
考点六之易混点
牢记下列结构：
比较级+than+any other+单数名词
all(the) other+复数名词
any one/anybody else
any of the other+复数名词
the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
注意：在同一范围内比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外
3.在两者进行比较“表示A不如B”时，多音节和部分双音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外，还可使用“less+形容词比较级+than”结构
Eg.I am not as careful as Lily.
=I am less careful than Lily.
4.许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词
Eg.friendly 有好的 lonely 孤独的 lovely 可爱的
likely 有希望的 daily 日常的 lively 有生气的
真题实战
1.（2011，陕西）He has read many books on history,so it’s____for him to answer these questions.
A.hard B.impossible C.easy D.serious
2.（2011，北京）We have a lovely room.It’s one of____in the hotel.
A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest
3. (2011,天津) Do you think math is ____than English?
A.difficult B.as difficult C.more difficult D.most difficult
4. (2011,重庆) The more you smile,the ____you will feel.
A.happy B.happier C.happily D.more happily
5. (2011安徽) We felt____when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.
A.brave B.proud C.successful D.worried
6. (2011,河北) Of all the subjects,chemistry seems to be____for me.
A.difficult B.too difficult C.more difficult D.the most difficult
7.（2010，上海）Listening is just as____as speaking in language learning.
A.important B.more important C.most important D.the most important
8.（2010，广东）--How are you feeling today?
--Much____.I can go to school next week.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
9.（2009，山东）--Is there____in today’s menu?
--Yes.We have Beijing Duck.
A.anything special B.special anything C.nothing special D.special nothing
10.（2007，四川）Chinese people were cheering at the most____moment when Liu Xiang broke the world record.
A.excited B.to excite C.excite D.exciting
二、阅读归纳法之细节题
Passage 1(2011上海)
You probably know you should say” please” and “thank you ” at
restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?
Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your cars, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn’t have it turned up too high.
Take Them off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away. Libraries and schools don’t allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that don’t have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it just doesn’t make sense to listen your MP3
player at event. Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.
Take One Out! Once is a while it’s okay just to take out one earphone and not other. Imagine you are listening your MP3 player when someone asks you the way. It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it’s not for you.
It’s Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best. For example, some people can listen to music on their MP3 Players when read books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you.
8. The underlined word “volume” in Paragraph Two probably means” _____.
A. the type of music C. the length of a song D. the colour of and MP3 player
9. No one wants to listen to _____ from others’ MP3 player. B. sad stories
C. a long movie D. the words of a song
10. We should turn down the music when we are alone because loud music _____.
A. is not enjoyable B. makes us tired
C. is bad for MP3 players
11. If we listen to our MP3 player at a play, _____.
A. the theater won’t allow it B. the actors will get angry
C. others won’t hear the play well 12. We can take one earphone out when we _____. B. talk to friends on the phone
C. watch a sporting event D. have dinner with our parents
13. It’s all right to use our MPS player in _____.
A. schools B. libraries D. museums
14. What can be the best title of this passage?
A. Music Lovers C MP3 Players D. MP3 Earphones
Passage 2(2011北京)
Dereck Joubert and his wife, Beverly, have made many films about wild animals in Africa. Their films and photographs are very popular and one of the photographs has been on the front cover of a National Geographic magazine.
A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very early-at 4:30 in the morning! That's when they get up and start filming. And it's a long- day they often work until 8:30 in the evening. In the winter it's very cold and in the
summer it can be 40℃. Dereck always does the filming Beverly never does that, and she doesn't write. But Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound. They work very well as a team, and they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras not with guns!
When they have finished filming and taking photographs for the day, they have dinner and Dereck usually writes while Beverly looks at her photographs. At night, they usually sleep in a small tent, but they sometimes sleep in the Land Cruiser.When you're very close to wild animals, it's sometimes safer to sleep in the car.
Dereck and Beverly have also traveled around the world and given talks about their work. Dereck says that animals are not just something to look at.They play an important role. Beverly thinks the wild animals can teach us a lot about ourselves.
1. Dereck and Beverly start working ______.
B. at 4:30 in the afternoon
C. at 8:30 in the morning D. at 8:30 in the evening
2. Dereck and Beverly usually sleep ______ at night. B. in a tent C. in a house D. in a hotel
3. Beverly thinks the wild animals ______.
A. are something to look at B. are very popular
C. play an unimportant role
初二重难点突破
一、系统语法归纳法
考点一之形容词的位置
1.概念：说明人或事物的特征，性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词
2.句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语,宾语补足语
3.在句中的位置
(1) 作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后
Eg.The beautiful girl is my sister. I have something important to tell you.
实战练习： Amy used to have hair.But now she has curly hair. A.short B.black C.straight D.long
They called the police but didn’t find____.
A. anything strange B. strange anything
C. nothing strange D. strange nothing
(2) 作表语，放在系动词之后
Eg.Our school is big and clean. I felt terrible this morning.
实战练习：
Be____. Make sure not to make the same spelling mistake next time.
A.peaceful B.careful C.helpful D.thankful
Jack is afraid of flying. He feels____before he gets on a plane.
A.surprised B.excited C.proud D.nervous
（3）作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后
Eg.You must keep your eyes closed. I find it hard to travl around the big city. 实战练习：
Who made you_____,he or she?
A. please B. pleasing C. pleased D. to please
(4) 某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见词有
good/bad, rich/poor, young/old, deaf/blind, black/white, living/dead等
Eg.The rich should help the poor. The young should be polite to the old.
考点二之形容词的变化规则
1.形容词比较等级的构成：原级，比较级和最高级
2.构成规则
考点三之形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征，性质和状态时用形容词原级
Eg.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
2.表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原
级
Eg.The boy is too young.
The boy is so luchy.He had a chance to join the army.
3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级
(1)肯定句中的结构：“A...＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B”
Eg.English is as interesting as Chinese. Xian Ming is as tall as Jim.
实战练习：
English is as____as Chinese.
A.more important B.most important
C.important D.the most important
(2)否定句中的结构：“A... ＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B” Eg.This book isn’t as new as that one. I am not so careful as Lucy.
实战练习：
Kate is not as____as Jim.
A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.much taller
(3)表示“A是B的„„倍”时，用“A...＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as
＋B”结构。（一次：once,两次：twice,三次以上：数字＋times）
Eg.Our school is three times as big as theirs.
This taable is twice as long as that one. 考点四之形容词比较级的用法
1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A... ＋比较级＋than＋B”
Eg.Li Li’s room is bigger than mine. This mooncake is nicer than that one.
注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one,that,those等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one代替可数名词单数形式，the ones或those代替可数名词复数形式，that代替不可数名词
Eg.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in
winter.
2.有表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时，用形容词比较级
Eg.I feel even worse now. It is much colder today than before.
3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更„„”时，用句型“which/who is＋形容词比较级，A or B?”表示
Eg.Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?
Which sweater is more beautiful,the yellow one or the pink one? 实战练习：
Which movie is____,this one or that one?
A.more interesting B.the most interesting
C.interesting D.interest
4.表示“几倍于„„”时，用“倍数＋比较级＋than”表示
Eg.I am three years older than you.
5.表示“两者之间最„„一个(of the two)”时，常用“the＋比较级”
结构
Eg.Mary is the taller of the twins.
实战练习：
Of the two T-shirts,the boy choose____one.
A.more expensive B.much expensive
C.the more expensive D.the most expensive
6.表示“越来越„„”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级＋and＋比较级”，
多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more＋形容词原级”
Eg.It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
实战练习：
China is becoming____.
A.strong and strong B.stronger and stronger
C.more and more strong D.more strong and more strong
7.表示“越„„就越„„”时，用“the＋比较级,the＋比较级”结构 Eg.The more we get together,the happier we’ll be.
实战练习：
--Are you worried about the coming exam?
--No,I think the more___you are,___mistakes you’ll make.
A.careful;the less B.carefully;the fewer
C.carefully;the least D.careful;the fewer 考点五之形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围
Eg.He is the strongest of the three boys. Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
实战练习：
This is____library in our city.
A.big B.bigger C.the biggest D.the most biggest
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“which/who is＋the
＋最高级，A,B or C?”结构
Eg.Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?
3.表示“最„„的„„之一”时，用“one of the＋形容词最高级”结构，
该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式
Eg.Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.
实战练习：
English is one of the___at school.
A.most difficult subject B.most difficult subjects
C.more difficult subject D.more difficult subjects
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最„„”
Eg.Changjiang is the first longest river in China.
5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰，但
此时不能再用定冠词the
Eg.This is our last lesson today. Yesterday was his busiest day.
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义
Eg.Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. =Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class. =Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class. =Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.
考点六之易混点
牢记下列结构：
比较级+than+any other+单数名词
all(the) other+复数名词
any one/anybody else
any of the other+复数名词
the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
注意：在同一范围内比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的范围之外
3.在两者进行比较“表示A不如B”时，多音节和部分双音节形容词除使用“not...as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外，还可使用“less+形容词比较级+than”结构
Eg.I am not as careful as Lily.
=I am less careful than Lily.
4.许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词
Eg.friendly 有好的 lonely 孤独的 lovely 可爱的
likely 有希望的 daily 日常的 lively 有生气的
真题实战
1.（2011，陕西）He has read many books on history,so it’s____for him to answer these questions.
A.hard B.impossible C.easy D.serious
2.（2011，北京）We have a lovely room.It’s one of____in the hotel.
A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest
3. (2011,天津) Do you think math is ____than English?
A.difficult B.as difficult C.more difficult D.most difficult
4. (2011,重庆) The more you smile,the ____you will feel.
A.happy B.happier C.happily D.more happily
5. (2011安徽) We felt____when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.
A.brave B.proud C.successful D.worried
6. (2011,河北) Of all the subjects,chemistry seems to be____for me.
A.difficult B.too difficult C.more difficult D.the most difficult
7.（2010，上海）Listening is just as____as speaking in language learning.
A.important B.more important C.most important D.the most important
8.（2010，广东）--How are you feeling today?
--Much____.I can go to school next week.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
9.（2009，山东）--Is there____in today’s menu?
--Yes.We have Beijing Duck.
A.anything special B.special anything C.nothing special D.special nothing
10.（2007，四川）Chinese people were cheering at the most____moment when Liu Xiang broke the world record.
A.excited B.to excite C.excite D.exciting
二、阅读归纳法之细节题
Passage 1(2011上海)
You probably know you should say” please” and “thank you ” at
restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?
Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your cars, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn’t have it turned up too high.
Take Them off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away. Libraries and schools don’t allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that don’t have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it just doesn’t make sense to listen your MP3
player at event. Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.
Take One Out! Once is a while it’s okay just to take out one earphone and not other. Imagine you are listening your MP3 player when someone asks you the way. It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it’s not for you.
It’s Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best. For example, some people can listen to music on their MP3 Players when read books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you.
8. The underlined word “volume” in Paragraph Two probably means” _____.
A. the type of music C. the length of a song D. the colour of and MP3 player
9. No one wants to listen to _____ from others’ MP3 player. B. sad stories
C. a long movie D. the words of a song
10. We should turn down the music when we are alone because loud music _____.
A. is not enjoyable B. makes us tired
C. is bad for MP3 players
11. If we listen to our MP3 player at a play, _____.
A. the theater won’t allow it B. the actors will get angry
C. others won’t hear the play well 12. We can take one earphone out when we _____. B. talk to friends on the phone
C. watch a sporting event D. have dinner with our parents
13. It’s all right to use our MPS player in _____.
A. schools B. libraries D. museums
14. What can be the best title of this passage?
A. Music Lovers C MP3 Players D. MP3 Earphones
Passage 2(2011北京)
Dereck Joubert and his wife, Beverly, have made many films about wild animals in Africa. Their films and photographs are very popular and one of the photographs has been on the front cover of a National Geographic magazine.
A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very early-at 4:30 in the morning! That's when they get up and start filming. And it's a long- day they often work until 8:30 in the evening. In the winter it's very cold and in the
summer it can be 40℃. Dereck always does the filming Beverly never does that, and she doesn't write. But Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound. They work very well as a team, and they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras not with guns!
When they have finished filming and taking photographs for the day, they have dinner and Dereck usually writes while Beverly looks at her photographs. At night, they usually sleep in a small tent, but they sometimes sleep in the Land Cruiser.When you're very close to wild animals, it's sometimes safer to sleep in the car.
Dereck and Beverly have also traveled around the world and given talks about their work. Dereck says that animals are not just something to look at.They play an important role. Beverly thinks the wild animals can teach us a lot about ourselves.
1. Dereck and Beverly start working ______.
B. at 4:30 in the afternoon
C. at 8:30 in the morning D. at 8:30 in the evening
2. Dereck and Beverly usually sleep ______ at night. B. in a tent C. in a house D. in a hotel
3. Beverly thinks the wild animals ______.
A. are something to look at B. are very popular
C. play an unimportant role