常见的前缀：
under ‐ :
① below
undercharge 索价低，undercoat 底漆, underclothing 内衣类, underdone 半熟的，嫩的, undercurrent 暗流
② insufficient
undermanned 人员不足的, undernourished 营养不良的, underpaid 工资过低的
underplay 贬低…的重要性，对…轻描淡写的
anti- = against 反，对立
antibody 抗体 anticraft 防空
dis ‐: to do the opposite, reverse
discover, dissuade, disadvantage, discharge
de ‐ = (forming verbs and their derivatives) down; away［构成动词及其派生词］“向下”，“在远处”
debase [base = low] v. 贬低，贬值 debris [bris = break] n. 残骸，垃圾，碎片，岩屑 decay [cay = fall] v. / n. 衰落，衰退，腐烂 decease [cease = go] v. / n. 死亡
decide [cide = cut] v. 决定，决心 despise [spise = look] v. 轻视，蔑视
detonate [ton = thunder] v. （使）爆炸 devour [vour = eat] v. 吞食，毁灭
micro-: extremely small
microcomputer, microscope, microphone, microsurgery
常见的后缀：
-fy: to cause sb./sth. to become
identify—identification, modify—modification,
purify—purification, beautify—beautification
‐ist: ① =“人”
feminist (n.) 女权主义者; naturalist (n.) 自然主义者; dentist (n.) 牙医; pianist (n.) 钢琴师 ‐ist: ② = “…主义的”
capitalist (a.) 资本家的; materialist (a.) 唯物主义的; socialist (a.) 社会主义的
‐ent = “具有…性质的”，用于构成形容词
insistent (a.) 坚持的; obedient (a.) 服从的; prevalent (a.) 流行的
‐ent =“人”
correspondent (n.) 通信者; president (n.) 总统; resident (n.) 居民
–logy, -ology = study of, science of
anthropology, chronology, morphology, mythology, philology, psychology
常见的词根：
Chapter 1
alter, altru, ulter = other
alter 改变；alternate 交替，轮换；alternative 两者选一；altruism 利他主义
pel, pell, puls = drive, beat, push 驱，推，逐
expel 驱逐；除名; impel 驱使; dispel 驱散repel 击退; repellent 驱散剂
compulsive 不由自主的; compulsion 冲动; compulsory 规定的
cid, cis=to cut 切，杀
suicide 自杀; insecticide 杀虫剂; pesticide 农药; concise 简明的; precision 精密
vert, vers = to turn
divert 转向; revert 恢复原状; introvert 性格内向的; extrovert 性格外向的; traverse 横跨; reverse 逆转; diversify 多样化; aversion 厌恶; adverse 有敌意的；advertise 广告
Chapter 2
log= to speak 说
monologue 独白; trilogy 三部曲; prologue 前言; analogy 类比; eulogy 颂歌; catalogue 目录; apologize 道歉，辩解
tend, tent, tens = to stretch, spread
contend 竞争; intend 意向; intensive 集约的，强化的; content 内容，满足; tendency 倾向; tension 张力; hypertension 高血压; attendance 出席
luc, lumin, lustr, lux = light, shine 光，照
lucent 透明的; translucent 半透明的; lucid 清澈的; illuminate 阐明，照明; illustrate 说明; luminary 发光体，名人
fug = to flee, escape 逃，散
fugitive 逃亡的（者）; refugee 难民; centrifuge 离心; centrifugal 离心的
Chapter 3
part, parc, port = divide, part
partly; partition 分隔物，隔墙； 分割，瓜分; depart 离开，启程; impart 传授; compart 把…分成若干部分; compartment 分隔空间，（火车，客船的）隔间;
particle (‐icle 小) 粒子，微粒，小品词，虚词; portion, proportion
leg,legis = law
legal; legalize 使…合法化; legislation 立法; legislator 议员; privilege 特权
nai, nat, nasc = to be born
naivety 天真; natal 出生的; prenatal 产前的; postnatal 出生后的; neonate 新生儿;
natality 出生率; innate 天赋的
Chapter 4
spec, spect, spic = to look
spectacle 景象; perspective 视角; retrospect 回顾
radic = root 根
eradicate 根除
fort = strong 强的，强制
fortress 堡垒; enforce 强制实施; effort 努力
lev = to raise, light, lighten 提升，使轻而易举
elevate 升高; alleviate 缓解; levitate 悬浮
Chapter 5
rod, ros = gnaw, bite 咬，啮
corrode 腐蚀; anticorrosion 防腐蚀
lud/lus = to play 玩耍，游戏
prelude 前奏曲; delusion 妄想; elusive 难以捉摸的
ply, pli, plic, plicit, plex = to fold, twist, bend, tangle, connect 折，曲， 弯， 缠， 连 comply 遵从; implicit 隐含的; explicate 解说; complex 复杂的
st, sta, stat = to stand 站立
status 地位; stable 稳定的; distance 距离
nov, novo = 新
novel 新奇的; renovate 革新; innovate 创新
Chapter 6
vis, vid = see
vision; visual; supervise; televise; evident; provided; provident 有预见的
Chapter 7
tain = to hold
attain; contain; detain 拘留拦住; entertain; maintain; pertain 属于关于; retain
fic (fac的变体) = face
artificial; facial; interfacial 界面的
nounce = to report
announce; pronounce; renounce 宣布放弃
ced= go. yield
intercede 从中调停; precede 领先; procedure 步骤; recede 后退减弱
Chapter 8
ceiv, cei = to take
conceive; deceive; perceive; receive (v.) ---- conception, deception, perception, reception (n.) deceit (n.) ; receipt (n.)
vers, vert = to turn (与chapter 1重复)
versatile; version; aversion; adverse 敌对的, 不利的; anniversary; converse; inversion; reverse; universal; convert; divert; introverted; extroverted
hibit = to hold
exhibit; prohibit
habit= to dwell
habitat; cohabit; inhabitant
Chapter 9
al, alter, altern = other, to change
alternate 交替; alternative 二者择一
ampl = large
amplify (v.) 放大，扩大; amplifier (n.) 扩音器，放大器; amplitude (n.) 广大，宽阔 chron(o) = time
chronicle (n.) 编年史; anachronism (n.) 时代错误; synchronize (v.) 同时发生;
chronology (n. ) 年代学; chronometer (n.) 精密计时器
Chapter 10
nom, nomin, onym = name
nominal (a.) 名义上的; nominate (v.) 提名，任命; homonymous (a.) 同名的
pseudonym (n.) 假名; synonym (n.) 同义词; antonym (n.) 反义词
min = to project “伸出，突出”
eminent (a.) 杰出的，突出的; supereminent (a.) 卓越的
Chapter 11
flu = flow 流动
fluid a. 流质的; n. 流体 fluctuate v. 上下移动; 波动 superfluous a. 多余的, 不必要的 doc, dog, dox = teach
docile adj. 顺从的；可教的（容易教导的） didactic adj. 教训的，教诲的
document n. 证件，文书，公文
doc, dog, dox = teach
dogma n. 教条 orthodox adj. 正统的 heterodox adj. 异端的
dogmatism (n.): 教条主义；武断 [u] dogmatist (n.): 教条主义者；武断的人
dogmatize (v.): 教条地或武断地表达 dogmatize (about sth)
Chapter 15
lapse = slip, glide 滑，落
collapse [col‐ = com ‐ (together) + lapse (slip, glide) →] n. 倒塌；v. 使倒塌（一起滑落） lapse n. 失误, 过失; 小毛病 relapse v. / n. 旧病复发
vad = to go
invade v. 侵略；侵袭 pervade [per = through] v. 遍布，弥漫
wade v. 跋涉，艰苦进行；n. 跋涉（特别指在水中行走）
flu ‐ = flow
fluid n. 流体；adj. 流质的 affluent adj. 富裕的, 富足的 affluence n. 富裕
confluent adj. 汇合的 confluence n. 汇合处, 汇流处, 交汇处
effluent adj. 发出的, 流出的 effluence n. 流出物 influent adj. 流入的，注入的 influence n. 影响；作用 influential adj. 有影响的；有势力的
fer = carry, bear
ferry n. defer [de‐ (down) + fer (carry) →] v. 顺从，服从
prefer [pre‐ (before) + fer (carry) →] v. 更喜爱；宁可；偏爱
transfer [trans‐ (across) + fer (carry) ] v. 转移
sist = stand
assist v. 出席，帮助 consist v. 组成
resist [re‐ = back, against] v. 抵抗，对抗，忍住；n. 防杂剂；绝缘涂料
Chapter 17
fer = carry, bring
confer 商谈, infer 推论，推断, refer 查阅，参考, prefer 更喜欢，宁愿, differ 不同,
suffer 遭受，忍受,transfer 转移，调动
conference, inference, reference, preference, difference ，
fertile 肥沃的，富饶的 fertilizer 肥料
equ(i) = equal
equal 相等的，胜任的, equality, equator 赤道, equation 等式，方程式；均等,
equivalent 相等的，等价的；等价物，等值物，adequate 足够的，充分的，恰当的 pos, pon = put
pose 摆姿势；提出问题，阐述观点, compose 组成，；创作（曲，诗歌等）,
dispose 处理，处置, expose 暴露, oppose 反对，反抗, propose 提议，求婚
purpose 意图，用途, suppose 假定，料想
composition, disposal(disposition 性情；倾向), exposure (exposition展览会，博览会), opposite, proposal(proposition主张，命题) ，
component 组成的； 成分，部件, compound 混合的， 复合的； 混合物,
postpone 推迟，延迟,opponent 对手，反对者；对立的，对抗的
opt= choose
optional 可以选择的， 非强制的 , adopt 采用收养, optimum 最优，优选,
optimism, 乐观，乐观主义optimistic 乐观的
pass, path, pati = suffering, feeling 痛苦，感情，忍耐
passion 热情，激情，
pathetic 哀婉动人的，可怜的，sympathy 同情心，赞同 sympathetic 同情的，共鸣的，patience 耐心忍耐，patient, impatient; compatible 适合的， 兼容的
Chapter 12
graph, gram = something written or drawn “写”，“画”
autobiography [auto‐ (self) + bio (life) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 自传
autograph n. 亲笔签名；亲笔稿
calligraphy [calli‐ (beautiful) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 书法
choreography [choreo‐ (dance) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 舞台舞蹈设计
dictograph [dicto‐ (speak) + graph (write) →] n. 窃听器, (电话) 窃听器
cryptogram [crypto (hidden) + gram (write) →] n. 密码，暗号
diagram n. 图解，简图；示意图
gramophone (= phonograph) n. 留声机
parallelogram n. 平行四边形
photograph [photo‐ (light) + graph (write) →] n. 照片；v. 给…拍照
program [pro‐ (before) + gram (write) →] n. 节目，程序（事先书写的东西）
stenography [steno‐ (narrow) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 速写；速记
telegram v. 电报
phon = sound, speech “声音”
interphone n. 内部电话; 对讲机
microphone n . 扩音器，麦克风，话筒
phonetics n. 语音学
phonovision (= phonevision) n. 电话电视, 有线电视
saxophone n. 萨克斯管
symphony n. 交响乐, 交响曲
telephone n. 电话
xylophone n. 木琴
spect = look, watch “看”(与chapter 4重复)
inspect [in‐ (into) + spect (look) →] v. 检查, 检验
prospect [pro‐ (forward) + spect (look) →] n. 预期，展望，前景
respect [re‐ (again) + spect (look) →] n. /v. 尊敬，尊重
retrospect [retro‐ (backward) + spect (look) →] n. 回顾, 回想
spectator [spect (look) + at (v.) + or (n.) →] n. 观众, 旁观者
spectacular adj. 壮观的, 雄伟的, 引人入胜的
spectacle n. 壮观的场面或景象
suspect [sus‐ = sub ‐ (under) + spect (look) c] v. 猜疑(是), 怀疑(是), 觉得(是) （猜疑 外表之下的东西）；n. 犯罪嫌疑人
Chapter 19
est, ger = to carry, pass, produce 传递，产生，举止，进行
congest 挤塞 digest 消化 ingest 摄入
ced, ceed, cess = to go 行，走，让步
proceed 前进，行进, succeed 继任，完成
vert, vers = to turn 转向
divert 使转移，adverse 有敌意的
Chapter 20
merg = sink, dip, plunge 沉，浸
merge 兼并 immerse 浸入 submerge 下沉
liber, liver = free 自由
deliver 投递 liberty 自由 deliverty 交货，分娩
med, medi = middle 中间
intermediate 中级的 median 中间的
not = know, mark 认识
noted 著名的 notify 通知 notorious 声名狼藉的
Chapter 21
leg
college, privilege, pledge (v. n.), knowledge, acknowledge
l ude
Chapter 22
cur(r) = to run
currency, current, incur 招致惹起, occur
stereo = solid, firm, hard; three ‐dimensional
stereophonic 立体声的
vok(e) = to call
revoke (re‐: back)
Chapter 26
scend, scens, scent = to climb
ascendancy (n.) 优势; transcend (v.) 超越; condescend (v.) 屈尊俯就
fin = end, boundary 结束；范围
finish (v.) 完成，结束; finale (n.) 结尾，终曲; confine (v.) 限制，监禁; define (v.) 限定
flict = to strike 打击
afflict (v.) 使苦恼，折磨; conflict (n.) 冲突
gen(e), gener, geni(t) = birth, to produce, race 出生，产生；种族
genus (n.) 种类，类属; genius (n.) 天才; homogeneous (a.) 同种的; generate (v.) 产生 liter = letter
literacy (n.) 识字，有文化; literate (a.) 识字的; literary (a.) 文学的; literature (n.) 文学
Chapter 27
apt, ept = to fit, suit 适合，适应
apt adj. （习性）易于 adapt v. 适应 adept adj. / n. 善于；能手 aptitude n. 禀赋 nate = born
cognate adj. 同族的，同起源的，同性质的 neonate [neo= new] n. （未满月的）婴儿 prenatal adj. 出生前的，胎儿期的
ven, vent = come
convene v. 集合，召集 circumvent [circum = around] v. 胜过，规避，绕行
contravene [contra = against ] v. 违反，反驳，抵触
mort = death
mortal adj. 终有一死的; 不会长生不死的 immortal adj. 不死的，永生的，不朽的 par ‐, para ‐ = beside
parable n. 比喻，寓言 paragraph [graph = write] n. 段
Chapter 28
duc(a) = to lead, to bring 引导
seduce v. 引诱 deduce v. 推导 induce v. 诱导 reduce v. 减少
introduce v. 引进 conducive adj. 有助于 conduct n. 行为；引导
viaduct n. 高架路 duct n. 导管 induct v. 就任 abduct v. 诱拐 deduct v. 扣除 conductor n. 指挥；导体
spers = scatter
sparse adj. intersperse [inter- (between) + spers (scatter) →] v. 散布，散置，穿插，点缀dom = ① house 房屋
dome n. 圆顶；如圆顶的东西 domestic adj. 属于家的，家务的，驯良的，本国的 domesticity n. 家庭生活；家务；家事 domicile n. 家；住所；正式居住地
semidome n. 半圆屋顶
② tame; rule 统治
domain n. 领土；版图；所有地 predominate v. 占优势；掌握主权
predominant adj. 主要的；有势力的；杰出的 predominance n. 优越；支配；多数 kingdom n. 王国；国度，范围 indomitable adj. 不屈不挠的
sequ = follow
sequent adj. 连续的，结果的 n. 结果 consequence n. 结果，重要
consecutive adj. 连续的，表示结果的
soph = wise; wisedom
philosophy [philo = love] n. 哲学，人生观，冷静
Chapter 29
cept ,cap, capt, ceive, cip, cup=take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
accept; acceptability 可接受性; conception 概念，观念; deceptive 欺骗性的;
inception 开始，开端; intercept 拦截，阻止; precept 箴言; receptacle 容器; except
capacity 容量，才能; capacious 宽阔的；容积大的; incapacitate 使无能caption 标题, 字幕; captive 俘虏; capture; captious 吹毛求疵的
conceive 想象, 构想; conceivable; deceive 欺骗; perceive 知觉；发觉; receive
anticipate; incipient 开始的；初期的; emancipate 解放; emancipation 解放; municipal; participant; principal; recipient 接受者
occupy; occupant 占有者; occupation; preoccupation 全神贯注
strain ，strict = tighten，表示“拉紧”
strain; constrain 强迫，强制; constraint 约束, 强迫; overstrain 过度紧张;
restrain 抑制，限制; restraint 抑制，限制
strict; stricture 谴责, 非难; constrictn 压缩，收缩; constriction 收缩; restrict; restriction 限制 mit, miss, mise = send, cast,表示“送，放出”
admit; committee 委员会; emit; intermit 一时停止，间断; intermittent 间歇的; omit; permit ; remit 汇款, 饶恕; submit; transmit
mission ；missionary ；commission ；dismiss ；emissive 发出的，放射的；
emission 发出，放射；emissary 使者，密使；remiss 怠慢的，粗心的；
remission 宽恕，赦免；omission ；permission ；permissive 准许的，纵容的；submission submissive ；transmission
premise ；promise ；surmise 推测，猜测；demise 让与，遗赠
常见的前缀：
under ‐ :
① below
undercharge 索价低，undercoat 底漆, underclothing 内衣类, underdone 半熟的，嫩的, undercurrent 暗流
② insufficient
undermanned 人员不足的, undernourished 营养不良的, underpaid 工资过低的
underplay 贬低…的重要性，对…轻描淡写的
anti- = against 反，对立
antibody 抗体 anticraft 防空
dis ‐: to do the opposite, reverse
discover, dissuade, disadvantage, discharge
de ‐ = (forming verbs and their derivatives) down; away［构成动词及其派生词］“向下”，“在远处”
debase [base = low] v. 贬低，贬值 debris [bris = break] n. 残骸，垃圾，碎片，岩屑 decay [cay = fall] v. / n. 衰落，衰退，腐烂 decease [cease = go] v. / n. 死亡
decide [cide = cut] v. 决定，决心 despise [spise = look] v. 轻视，蔑视
detonate [ton = thunder] v. （使）爆炸 devour [vour = eat] v. 吞食，毁灭
micro-: extremely small
microcomputer, microscope, microphone, microsurgery
常见的后缀：
-fy: to cause sb./sth. to become
identify—identification, modify—modification,
purify—purification, beautify—beautification
‐ist: ① =“人”
feminist (n.) 女权主义者; naturalist (n.) 自然主义者; dentist (n.) 牙医; pianist (n.) 钢琴师 ‐ist: ② = “…主义的”
capitalist (a.) 资本家的; materialist (a.) 唯物主义的; socialist (a.) 社会主义的
‐ent = “具有…性质的”，用于构成形容词
insistent (a.) 坚持的; obedient (a.) 服从的; prevalent (a.) 流行的
‐ent =“人”
correspondent (n.) 通信者; president (n.) 总统; resident (n.) 居民
–logy, -ology = study of, science of
anthropology, chronology, morphology, mythology, philology, psychology
常见的词根：
Chapter 1
alter, altru, ulter = other
alter 改变；alternate 交替，轮换；alternative 两者选一；altruism 利他主义
pel, pell, puls = drive, beat, push 驱，推，逐
expel 驱逐；除名; impel 驱使; dispel 驱散repel 击退; repellent 驱散剂
compulsive 不由自主的; compulsion 冲动; compulsory 规定的
cid, cis=to cut 切，杀
suicide 自杀; insecticide 杀虫剂; pesticide 农药; concise 简明的; precision 精密
vert, vers = to turn
divert 转向; revert 恢复原状; introvert 性格内向的; extrovert 性格外向的; traverse 横跨; reverse 逆转; diversify 多样化; aversion 厌恶; adverse 有敌意的；advertise 广告
Chapter 2
log= to speak 说
monologue 独白; trilogy 三部曲; prologue 前言; analogy 类比; eulogy 颂歌; catalogue 目录; apologize 道歉，辩解
tend, tent, tens = to stretch, spread
contend 竞争; intend 意向; intensive 集约的，强化的; content 内容，满足; tendency 倾向; tension 张力; hypertension 高血压; attendance 出席
luc, lumin, lustr, lux = light, shine 光，照
lucent 透明的; translucent 半透明的; lucid 清澈的; illuminate 阐明，照明; illustrate 说明; luminary 发光体，名人
fug = to flee, escape 逃，散
fugitive 逃亡的（者）; refugee 难民; centrifuge 离心; centrifugal 离心的
Chapter 3
part, parc, port = divide, part
partly; partition 分隔物，隔墙； 分割，瓜分; depart 离开，启程; impart 传授; compart 把…分成若干部分; compartment 分隔空间，（火车，客船的）隔间;
particle (‐icle 小) 粒子，微粒，小品词，虚词; portion, proportion
leg,legis = law
legal; legalize 使…合法化; legislation 立法; legislator 议员; privilege 特权
nai, nat, nasc = to be born
naivety 天真; natal 出生的; prenatal 产前的; postnatal 出生后的; neonate 新生儿;
natality 出生率; innate 天赋的
Chapter 4
spec, spect, spic = to look
spectacle 景象; perspective 视角; retrospect 回顾
radic = root 根
eradicate 根除
fort = strong 强的，强制
fortress 堡垒; enforce 强制实施; effort 努力
lev = to raise, light, lighten 提升，使轻而易举
elevate 升高; alleviate 缓解; levitate 悬浮
Chapter 5
rod, ros = gnaw, bite 咬，啮
corrode 腐蚀; anticorrosion 防腐蚀
lud/lus = to play 玩耍，游戏
prelude 前奏曲; delusion 妄想; elusive 难以捉摸的
ply, pli, plic, plicit, plex = to fold, twist, bend, tangle, connect 折，曲， 弯， 缠， 连 comply 遵从; implicit 隐含的; explicate 解说; complex 复杂的
st, sta, stat = to stand 站立
status 地位; stable 稳定的; distance 距离
nov, novo = 新
novel 新奇的; renovate 革新; innovate 创新
Chapter 6
vis, vid = see
vision; visual; supervise; televise; evident; provided; provident 有预见的
Chapter 7
tain = to hold
attain; contain; detain 拘留拦住; entertain; maintain; pertain 属于关于; retain
fic (fac的变体) = face
artificial; facial; interfacial 界面的
nounce = to report
announce; pronounce; renounce 宣布放弃
ced= go. yield
intercede 从中调停; precede 领先; procedure 步骤; recede 后退减弱
Chapter 8
ceiv, cei = to take
conceive; deceive; perceive; receive (v.) ---- conception, deception, perception, reception (n.) deceit (n.) ; receipt (n.)
vers, vert = to turn (与chapter 1重复)
versatile; version; aversion; adverse 敌对的, 不利的; anniversary; converse; inversion; reverse; universal; convert; divert; introverted; extroverted
hibit = to hold
exhibit; prohibit
habit= to dwell
habitat; cohabit; inhabitant
Chapter 9
al, alter, altern = other, to change
alternate 交替; alternative 二者择一
ampl = large
amplify (v.) 放大，扩大; amplifier (n.) 扩音器，放大器; amplitude (n.) 广大，宽阔 chron(o) = time
chronicle (n.) 编年史; anachronism (n.) 时代错误; synchronize (v.) 同时发生;
chronology (n. ) 年代学; chronometer (n.) 精密计时器
Chapter 10
nom, nomin, onym = name
nominal (a.) 名义上的; nominate (v.) 提名，任命; homonymous (a.) 同名的
pseudonym (n.) 假名; synonym (n.) 同义词; antonym (n.) 反义词
min = to project “伸出，突出”
eminent (a.) 杰出的，突出的; supereminent (a.) 卓越的
Chapter 11
flu = flow 流动
fluid a. 流质的; n. 流体 fluctuate v. 上下移动; 波动 superfluous a. 多余的, 不必要的 doc, dog, dox = teach
docile adj. 顺从的；可教的（容易教导的） didactic adj. 教训的，教诲的
document n. 证件，文书，公文
doc, dog, dox = teach
dogma n. 教条 orthodox adj. 正统的 heterodox adj. 异端的
dogmatism (n.): 教条主义；武断 [u] dogmatist (n.): 教条主义者；武断的人
dogmatize (v.): 教条地或武断地表达 dogmatize (about sth)
Chapter 15
lapse = slip, glide 滑，落
collapse [col‐ = com ‐ (together) + lapse (slip, glide) →] n. 倒塌；v. 使倒塌（一起滑落） lapse n. 失误, 过失; 小毛病 relapse v. / n. 旧病复发
vad = to go
invade v. 侵略；侵袭 pervade [per = through] v. 遍布，弥漫
wade v. 跋涉，艰苦进行；n. 跋涉（特别指在水中行走）
flu ‐ = flow
fluid n. 流体；adj. 流质的 affluent adj. 富裕的, 富足的 affluence n. 富裕
confluent adj. 汇合的 confluence n. 汇合处, 汇流处, 交汇处
effluent adj. 发出的, 流出的 effluence n. 流出物 influent adj. 流入的，注入的 influence n. 影响；作用 influential adj. 有影响的；有势力的
fer = carry, bear
ferry n. defer [de‐ (down) + fer (carry) →] v. 顺从，服从
prefer [pre‐ (before) + fer (carry) →] v. 更喜爱；宁可；偏爱
transfer [trans‐ (across) + fer (carry) ] v. 转移
sist = stand
assist v. 出席，帮助 consist v. 组成
resist [re‐ = back, against] v. 抵抗，对抗，忍住；n. 防杂剂；绝缘涂料
Chapter 17
fer = carry, bring
confer 商谈, infer 推论，推断, refer 查阅，参考, prefer 更喜欢，宁愿, differ 不同,
suffer 遭受，忍受,transfer 转移，调动
conference, inference, reference, preference, difference ，
fertile 肥沃的，富饶的 fertilizer 肥料
equ(i) = equal
equal 相等的，胜任的, equality, equator 赤道, equation 等式，方程式；均等,
equivalent 相等的，等价的；等价物，等值物，adequate 足够的，充分的，恰当的 pos, pon = put
pose 摆姿势；提出问题，阐述观点, compose 组成，；创作（曲，诗歌等）,
dispose 处理，处置, expose 暴露, oppose 反对，反抗, propose 提议，求婚
purpose 意图，用途, suppose 假定，料想
composition, disposal(disposition 性情；倾向), exposure (exposition展览会，博览会), opposite, proposal(proposition主张，命题) ，
component 组成的； 成分，部件, compound 混合的， 复合的； 混合物,
postpone 推迟，延迟,opponent 对手，反对者；对立的，对抗的
opt= choose
optional 可以选择的， 非强制的 , adopt 采用收养, optimum 最优，优选,
optimism, 乐观，乐观主义optimistic 乐观的
pass, path, pati = suffering, feeling 痛苦，感情，忍耐
passion 热情，激情，
pathetic 哀婉动人的，可怜的，sympathy 同情心，赞同 sympathetic 同情的，共鸣的，patience 耐心忍耐，patient, impatient; compatible 适合的， 兼容的
Chapter 12
graph, gram = something written or drawn “写”，“画”
autobiography [auto‐ (self) + bio (life) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 自传
autograph n. 亲笔签名；亲笔稿
calligraphy [calli‐ (beautiful) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 书法
choreography [choreo‐ (dance) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 舞台舞蹈设计
dictograph [dicto‐ (speak) + graph (write) →] n. 窃听器, (电话) 窃听器
cryptogram [crypto (hidden) + gram (write) →] n. 密码，暗号
diagram n. 图解，简图；示意图
gramophone (= phonograph) n. 留声机
parallelogram n. 平行四边形
photograph [photo‐ (light) + graph (write) →] n. 照片；v. 给…拍照
program [pro‐ (before) + gram (write) →] n. 节目，程序（事先书写的东西）
stenography [steno‐ (narrow) + graph (write) + y (n.) →] n. 速写；速记
telegram v. 电报
phon = sound, speech “声音”
interphone n. 内部电话; 对讲机
microphone n . 扩音器，麦克风，话筒
phonetics n. 语音学
phonovision (= phonevision) n. 电话电视, 有线电视
saxophone n. 萨克斯管
symphony n. 交响乐, 交响曲
telephone n. 电话
xylophone n. 木琴
spect = look, watch “看”(与chapter 4重复)
inspect [in‐ (into) + spect (look) →] v. 检查, 检验
prospect [pro‐ (forward) + spect (look) →] n. 预期，展望，前景
respect [re‐ (again) + spect (look) →] n. /v. 尊敬，尊重
retrospect [retro‐ (backward) + spect (look) →] n. 回顾, 回想
spectator [spect (look) + at (v.) + or (n.) →] n. 观众, 旁观者
spectacular adj. 壮观的, 雄伟的, 引人入胜的
spectacle n. 壮观的场面或景象
suspect [sus‐ = sub ‐ (under) + spect (look) c] v. 猜疑(是), 怀疑(是), 觉得(是) （猜疑 外表之下的东西）；n. 犯罪嫌疑人
Chapter 19
est, ger = to carry, pass, produce 传递，产生，举止，进行
congest 挤塞 digest 消化 ingest 摄入
ced, ceed, cess = to go 行，走，让步
proceed 前进，行进, succeed 继任，完成
vert, vers = to turn 转向
divert 使转移，adverse 有敌意的
Chapter 20
merg = sink, dip, plunge 沉，浸
merge 兼并 immerse 浸入 submerge 下沉
liber, liver = free 自由
deliver 投递 liberty 自由 deliverty 交货，分娩
med, medi = middle 中间
intermediate 中级的 median 中间的
not = know, mark 认识
noted 著名的 notify 通知 notorious 声名狼藉的
Chapter 21
leg
college, privilege, pledge (v. n.), knowledge, acknowledge
l ude
Chapter 22
cur(r) = to run
currency, current, incur 招致惹起, occur
stereo = solid, firm, hard; three ‐dimensional
stereophonic 立体声的
vok(e) = to call
revoke (re‐: back)
Chapter 26
scend, scens, scent = to climb
ascendancy (n.) 优势; transcend (v.) 超越; condescend (v.) 屈尊俯就
fin = end, boundary 结束；范围
finish (v.) 完成，结束; finale (n.) 结尾，终曲; confine (v.) 限制，监禁; define (v.) 限定
flict = to strike 打击
afflict (v.) 使苦恼，折磨; conflict (n.) 冲突
gen(e), gener, geni(t) = birth, to produce, race 出生，产生；种族
genus (n.) 种类，类属; genius (n.) 天才; homogeneous (a.) 同种的; generate (v.) 产生 liter = letter
literacy (n.) 识字，有文化; literate (a.) 识字的; literary (a.) 文学的; literature (n.) 文学
Chapter 27
apt, ept = to fit, suit 适合，适应
apt adj. （习性）易于 adapt v. 适应 adept adj. / n. 善于；能手 aptitude n. 禀赋 nate = born
cognate adj. 同族的，同起源的，同性质的 neonate [neo= new] n. （未满月的）婴儿 prenatal adj. 出生前的，胎儿期的
ven, vent = come
convene v. 集合，召集 circumvent [circum = around] v. 胜过，规避，绕行
contravene [contra = against ] v. 违反，反驳，抵触
mort = death
mortal adj. 终有一死的; 不会长生不死的 immortal adj. 不死的，永生的，不朽的 par ‐, para ‐ = beside
parable n. 比喻，寓言 paragraph [graph = write] n. 段
Chapter 28
duc(a) = to lead, to bring 引导
seduce v. 引诱 deduce v. 推导 induce v. 诱导 reduce v. 减少
introduce v. 引进 conducive adj. 有助于 conduct n. 行为；引导
viaduct n. 高架路 duct n. 导管 induct v. 就任 abduct v. 诱拐 deduct v. 扣除 conductor n. 指挥；导体
spers = scatter
sparse adj. intersperse [inter- (between) + spers (scatter) →] v. 散布，散置，穿插，点缀dom = ① house 房屋
dome n. 圆顶；如圆顶的东西 domestic adj. 属于家的，家务的，驯良的，本国的 domesticity n. 家庭生活；家务；家事 domicile n. 家；住所；正式居住地
semidome n. 半圆屋顶
② tame; rule 统治
domain n. 领土；版图；所有地 predominate v. 占优势；掌握主权
predominant adj. 主要的；有势力的；杰出的 predominance n. 优越；支配；多数 kingdom n. 王国；国度，范围 indomitable adj. 不屈不挠的
sequ = follow
sequent adj. 连续的，结果的 n. 结果 consequence n. 结果，重要
consecutive adj. 连续的，表示结果的
soph = wise; wisedom
philosophy [philo = love] n. 哲学，人生观，冷静
Chapter 29
cept ,cap, capt, ceive, cip, cup=take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
accept; acceptability 可接受性; conception 概念，观念; deceptive 欺骗性的;
inception 开始，开端; intercept 拦截，阻止; precept 箴言; receptacle 容器; except
capacity 容量，才能; capacious 宽阔的；容积大的; incapacitate 使无能caption 标题, 字幕; captive 俘虏; capture; captious 吹毛求疵的
conceive 想象, 构想; conceivable; deceive 欺骗; perceive 知觉；发觉; receive
anticipate; incipient 开始的；初期的; emancipate 解放; emancipation 解放; municipal; participant; principal; recipient 接受者
occupy; occupant 占有者; occupation; preoccupation 全神贯注
strain ，strict = tighten，表示“拉紧”
strain; constrain 强迫，强制; constraint 约束, 强迫; overstrain 过度紧张;
restrain 抑制，限制; restraint 抑制，限制
strict; stricture 谴责, 非难; constrictn 压缩，收缩; constriction 收缩; restrict; restriction 限制 mit, miss, mise = send, cast,表示“送，放出”
admit; committee 委员会; emit; intermit 一时停止，间断; intermittent 间歇的; omit; permit ; remit 汇款, 饶恕; submit; transmit
mission ；missionary ；commission ；dismiss ；emissive 发出的，放射的；
emission 发出，放射；emissary 使者，密使；remiss 怠慢的，粗心的；
remission 宽恕，赦免；omission ；permission ；permissive 准许的，纵容的；submission submissive ；transmission
premise ；promise ；surmise 推测，猜测；demise 让与，遗赠