中考英语热点考点归纳总结(一)

  ■   1. family, home和house   home, house, family这三个词都有“家”的意思,但是含义上有所不同。   (1) home作名词,指家庭成员在一起生活居住的地方,如:家、家乡、本国,带有感情色彩。   例如:   East or west, home is best.   His home is in Hunan.   They have a comfortable home.   (2) house作名词,主要指建筑物、住宅、房子,不带有感情色彩。   例如:   New houses are going up everywhere.   He is staying at his friend’s house.   (3) family作名词,指家中成员或子女,如父母、子女、妻子、丈夫、兄妹等,一般不涉及房屋。但需注意:family意为“家庭”做主语时,谓语动词用单数;family意为“家人”做主语时,谓语动词用复数。   例如:   How many people are there in Simon’s family?   His family is a happy family. Look!All his family are watching TV together now.   【中考链接】   Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second _______ because he has been here for over twenty years. (2010宁夏)   A. family B. house   C. room D. home   【答案】 D   【解析】 home作名词,指家乡。   2. little, a little与few, a few   区别一:a little和little修饰或指代不可数名词,与much相对;a few和few修饰或指代可数名词与many相对。   区别二:a little和a few含肯定语气, little和few含否定语气。一般说来,在only, just, still, quite, not等词后用a little或a few;在very, so, some, the, no等词后用little或few。   【中考链接】   We’d better wait _______ more minutes. I think Jeff will come soon. (2011河北)   A. a few B. few   C. a little D. little   【答案】 A   【解析】 考查词语辨析,minutes是可数名词复数,排除C和D;由Jeff will come soon可知:前句用肯定形式。“我们最好多等几分钟”,用a few more minutes表示。   3. join, take part in和attend   这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思,但用法不同。   (1) join有两个用法:   ①指加入某个党派、团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为“参军;入团;入党”等。   例如:   When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的?   She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。   ②和某人一起做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。   例如:   Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗?   He’ll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一起唱歌。   We’re going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一起去好吗?   (2) join in多指参加小规模的活动,如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。   例如:   Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。   Why didn’t you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?   (3) take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。   例如:   We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。   We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。   (4) attend是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等;去上课、上学、听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看,自己不一定起主导作用。   例如:   He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。   I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。   【中考链接】   Anyone who sings well can _______ the activity in our school. (2011陕西)   A. take part in B. take off   C. take out D. take care of   【答案】 A   【解析】 本题考查动词词组词义的辨析。take part in“参加”;take off“起飞”;take out“取出;拿出”;take care of“照顾;照看”。句意为“任何歌唱得好的人都可以参加我们学校的这个活动”。故选A。   4. pay, spend, cost和take   (1) pay作动词时意为“付钱;支付”,主语为人,后面可以接用来表示“人”的名词或表示“钱”的数目;当表示“花钱买某物”时,常用sb. pay (some money) for (sth.) 结构。   例如:   How soon can you pay me (for the work)?   I paid 200 dollars for the painting.   She tried to leave the shop without paying for the dress.   (2) 动词spend意为“用(钱);花费;度过(时间)”,其主语通常为人,常用于sb. spend time / money (in) doing / on sth. 结构中,意为“某人花费时间 / 金钱做某事”。   例如:   He spends half an hour (in) doing his homework every day.   They spend a lot of money in advertising.   (3) cost作动词时也意为“花费”,但是它的主语只能是物,不能是人,其结构为:sth. costs (sb.) money。有时指“付出……代价”。   例如:   The book costs me ten yuan.   ―How much do these shoes cost?   ―They cost 30 dollars.   (4) take表示“花费”时是指花费时间或金钱,句型为:It takes sb. + 时间 / 金钱 + to do sth. 意为“某人干某事花了多少时间 / 钱”。   例如:   It took me two hours to finish my homework.   It took me 300 yuan to buy this MP3.   【中考链接】   ―What’s your plan for this weekend?   ―I’m going to ______ it with my   grandparents. (2011连云港)   A. cost B. spend C. give D. pay   【答案】 B   【解析】考查动词的辨析。cost“值多少钱”,物作主语;spend“花费;度过”,人作主语;give“给某人某物”;pay“付款”,人作主语。排除A。句意:我打算跟我爷爷奶奶度过周末。故选B。   【中考链接】   I ______ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team. (2011天津)   A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay   【答案】 A   【解析】词义辨析。这四个选项都有“花费”的意思,其中只有spend可用于spend time (in) doing sth. 题干中有playing,所以选择A。   5. surprised与surprising   两者都是形容词,surprised意为“感到惊讶的”,通常修饰人,常见句型有:be surprised at sb. / sth., be surprised to do sth., be surprised that ...; surprising意为“令人惊讶的”,通常修饰物。   例如:   We were surprised at this news.   I’m surprised to see you here.   I’m surprised that he didn’t come.   She made a surprising decision.   It’s surprising that they lost the match.   类似以上区别的词汇还有:interested与interesting; excited与exciting; disappointed与disappointing等。   【中考链接】   ―We all like Miss Wang.   ―I agree with you. She always makes her English classes ______. (2011福州中考)   A. interested B. interest   C. interesting   【答案】 C   【解析】考查make + sb. / sth. + adj.的用法。句意:――我们都喜欢王老师。――我同意你的看法。她总是使她的英语课堂有趣。interested修饰人,而interesting则修饰物。故选C。   6. wear, put on, dress和have on   (1) wear意为“穿;戴”,表示穿的状态。还可以用于“佩戴”装饰品等。   例如:   She always wears sunglasses and a red dress.   (2) put on意为“穿上; 戴上”, 强调的是穿的动作。   例如:   Put on this coat. It’s cold outside.   (3) dress也表示“穿衣服”,用法与结构为:dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”;dress oneself “穿衣”,这两种用法强调动作。be dressed in + 颜色,“穿……颜色的衣服”,强调状态;dress up“装扮;打扮”。   例如:   The girl was dressed in white at the meeting.   (4)have on“穿戴”,强调状态。此短语不能用于进行时态。   例如:   He always has on T-shirts.   【中考链接】   Most British high school children ______ uniforms at school. (2011山东济宁)   A. wear B. dress   C. put on D. dress up   【答案】 A   【解析】词汇辨析。wear“穿着”;put on “穿上”;dress“给……穿衣”;dress up“装扮;打扮”,由句意“大多数英国中学生在学校穿校服”可知,用wear。故选A。   【中考链接】   Mary is used to _______ a T-shirt and jeans. (2011兰州)   A. wear B. put on   C. wearing D. putting on   【答案】 C   【解析】词义辨析。句意“玛丽习惯于穿T恤衫和牛仔裤”,be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,因此排除选项A、B,wear强调状态,put on强调动作,由句意可知此处表示状态,因此选C。   7. turn   turn意为“转动;变为”。   例如:   Turn left at the second crossing and you will see the park.   The weather is turning cold.   与turn 相关的短语有:   turn over 翻转   turn off 关掉;关上   turn on 打开   turn down 调小(音量)   turn up 调大(音量)   turn out 证明是;结果是;生产   turn to sb. 向某人求助   take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事   It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事   例如:   Let’s take turns to be on duty.   If you turn over, you might find it easier to get to sleep.   It’s my turn to clean the room.   【中考链接】   I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please _______? (2011安徽)   A. turn it up B. turn it down   C. turn it on D. turn it off   【答案】 A   【解析】选A. turn up“调大”; turn down“调小”; turn on “打开”;turn off“关闭”。由前句“我几乎听不见电视在说什么”可知,应该是A项。   【中考链接】   Mike _______ his computer and checked his e-mail. (2010河北省卷)   A. turned on B. turned off   C. turned up D. turned down   【答案】 A   【解析】词汇辨析题。看答案四个词组的词义,turned on “打开”,turned off“关掉”,turned up“调大音量”,turned down“调小音量”。句意为“Mike打开电脑,检查他的e-mail.” 故选A。   8. other, another, the other, others和 the others   (1) other做形容词,意为“(泛指)其余的;别的”。   例如:   Do you have any other questions?   Please write it every other line.   I have other books besides these.   (2) the other则为特指,强调两者中的另一个 / 类,作形容词时,其后可接单数或复数名词。作代词时单独使用。常用于搭配 one ... the other.   例如:   She has two pens. One is white; the other is yellow.   He has two children. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.   (3) another表示泛指,意为“另一,另一些;再;又”。作形容词时,后接单数或复数名词;作代词时,单独使用。   例如:   I don’t want this one, please show me another (one).   They would like another three chairs to sit on.   (4) others只能用作代词,意思相当于other ones,即“(泛指)某一部分人或物”。   例如:   Each of us must think of others.   Some of us like singing and dancing; others like playing computer games.   (5) the others只能用作代词,意为“(特指)余下的一部分人或物”。   例如:   I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.   I have many cups. Four of them are red, and the others are yellow.   【中考链接】   My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, and ______ is black. (2009北京)   A. other B. another   C. others D. the other   【答案】 D   【解析】根据关键词One可以联想到one ... the other ...的用法,故排除A、B、C三项,选D。   ■   1. look for, find和find out的区别   (1) look for (v. + prep.) 意为“寻找”,指寻找的动作,强调寻找的过程,未说明是否能找到,是延续性动词。   例如:   ―What are you looking for?   ―I am looking for my watch.   (2) find意为“找到;发现”,指找到、发现的结果,是终止性动词。   例如:   Have you found the book you were looking for?   (3) find out (v. + adv.) 意为“打听出;查询出”,指经过打听询问后得知,后接表示“事实;真相;秘密”等意义的词或从句作宾语。   例如:   ① ―What time is the plane taking off?   ―I don’t know but I can go and find it out.   ② Please find out who stole the computer last night.   【中考链接】   ―Steven, could you help me ______ when the plane will take off on the Internet?   ―I’m sorry. My computer doesn’t work.   (2010重庆)   A. get on B. find out   C. look for D. look after   【答案】 B   【解析】 get on“上车”;find out“找出;发现”;look for“寻找”,表动作;look after “照顾”。根据句意,答案应选B。   2. go out, go through, go over, go up, go off   (1) go out 出去,熄灭   例如:   Don’t go out, it is still raining. 别出去,天还在下雨。   All of a sudden, the light went out. 突然灯熄了。   (2) go through 穿过,经历   例如:   Our soldiers are going through a thick forest. 我们的战士正穿过一片茂密的森林。   His grandfather once went through hardships. 他的祖父曾经历尽艰难。   (3) go over 仔细看或检查;温习,复习   例如:   You must go over this important article.你必须把这篇重要的文章仔细读一遍。   Have you gone over all of your notes? 所有的笔记都复习了吗?   (4) go up 上升;上涨   例如:   I have heard that the price of the computer has gone up again. 我听说电脑价格又上涨了。   Is the water still going up? 水还在上涨吗?   (5) go off 响起;变质   例如:   The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。   This milk has gone off. 牛奶变坏了。   【中考链接】   My car alarm is always ______ whenever my neighbor’s cat goes under my car. (2011青岛)   A. going off B. going out   C. breaking down D. setting off   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词词组的辨析。根据句意“每当邻居家的猫跑到我车底下”可猜测汽车报警器都会“响”,故答案选A,意为“发出响声”。   3. too many, too much和much too   too many和too much都表示“太多”,too many后接可数名词,too much后接不可数名词;much too意为“太;非常”,意思与very, too相当,但语气更强烈。   例如:   I have too much homework to do this evening.   It’s far away. Don’t take too many books.   This lesson has too many new words.   The work is much too difficult for a boy of thirteen.   I have drunk too much.   【中考链接】   ―What’s the matter?   ―I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ______ tonight. (2009德州中考)   A. too much B. too many   C. much too D. many too   【答案】 A   【解析】考查too much的用法。结合题意可知too much在这里作名词词组,故排除B、C、D三项,故选A。   4. look for, look up , look after和look at   (1) look for 寻找   例如:   She is looking for her lost child. 她正在寻找丢失的孩子。   (2) look up 查询   例如:   If you don’t know a word, you can look it up in a dictionary. 如果你有不认识的字,可以查字典。   (3) look after 照顾   例如:   Who will look after your children while you go out to work? 你上班时谁来照料你的孩子?   (4) look at 看   例如:   Look at the map, please. 请看这张地图。   【中考链接】   My sister is ill. I have to _______ her at home. (2012黔西南)   A. look at B. look up   C. look after D. look for   【答案】 C   【解析】考查对短语的理解。look after 表达“照看,照顾”之意。C选项符合句意。   ■   1. 物主代词、反身代词和人称代词   (1) 物主代词:   ① 形容词性物主代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:my, your, his / her / its; 第一、二和三人称的复数:our, your, their。   用法:不能单独使用,用作定语,后接名词。   例如:   This is my pen, your pen is on the table, and their pens are in the pencil case.   ② 名词性物主代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:mine, yours, his / hers / its; 第一、二和三人称的复数:ours, yours, theirs。   用法:具有名词的特性,往往单独使用。用作主语、宾语、表语。   例如:   This room is mine, yours is upstairs, and theirs are next to hers.   【注意】形容词性物主代词 + 名词相当于一个名词性物主代词。   例如:   This is my pen. = This pen is mine.   【中考链接】   Mom, I’m old enough to wash _______ own clothes and _______. You can have a rest after work. (2013甘肃兰州)   A. my; your B. my; yours   C. your; my D. yours; mine   【答案】 B   【解析】 形容词性物主代词my作定语,修饰名词clothes;名词性物主代词yours作宾语。   【中考链接】   ―Does Miss White like sports?   ―Yes, _______ favorite sport is tennis.(2013济南)   A. he B. she   C. his D. her   【答案】 D   【解析】 表达“她最喜欢的”,此处应选用形容词性物主代词her作定语,但学生们容易受汉语影响误选she。   (2) 反身代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:myself, yourself, herself / himself / itself; 第一、二和三人称的复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves.   【注意】 反身代词可用作宾格、表语、主语的同位语和宾语的同位语,用作同位语时表示强调“本人,自己”。   例如:   I am teaching myself computer.   The child himself drew this picture.   You should ask the children themselves.   【中考链接】   She is proud of _______ (she) for not giving up easily. (2010陕西)   【答案】 herself   【解析】 这句话的意思是:她以她自己不轻易放弃而自豪。be proud of oneself的意思是“以自己为自豪”。   【中考链接】   Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough to think for _______. (2012河北)   A. himself B. herself   C. yourself D. myself   【答案】 D   【解析】 think for myself 为我自己考虑。   (3) 人称代词:   ① 主格:   第一、二和三人称的单数:I, you, he / she / it; 第一、二和三人称的复数:we, you, they。   ② 宾格:   第一、二和三人称的单数:me, you, him / her / it; 第一、二和三人称的复数:us, you, them。   【注意】 主格作主语,宾格作宾语。   例如:   Would you like to go with me?   I like to learn English.   【中考链接】   Tom and Mike are good friends. _______ often help each other. (2010北京)   A. They B. Them   C. Their D. Theirs   【答案】 A   【解析】 这句话的意思是:Tom和Mike是好朋友,他们经常互相帮助。所填词语要在句中作主语,所以应选They。   【中考链接】   ―Is the woman a teacher?   ―Yes. She teaches _______ English.   (2010荆州)   A. you B. us   C. our D. your   【答案】 B   【解析】 固定结构teach sb. sth.的意思是“教某人某事”。所填词语要作动词teach的宾语,所以填人称代词的宾格形式。   2. 形容词   形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语、复合宾语的一部分(即宾语补足语)或状语。   (1) 用来修饰名词,作定语。   例如:   a good girl / a sunny day / a new watch;   The people have creative power.   (2) 形容词作表语。   例如:   The case is very heavy.   The acting was great.   Don’t feel bad. Everything will be all right.   (3) 形容词作复合宾语的一部分(即宾补)。   例如:   Who left the door open?   I have never seen the hall so full in all these years.   (4) 形容词作主语补足语。   例如:   He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.   形容词在此处作主语补足语,补充说明主语的状态。   【注意】   ①大多数形容词既可作表语,也可作定语。但下列形容词只能作定语:wooden, woolen, golden等,如:a wooden table, a golden watch。下列形容词只能作表语:ill, well和以a开头的形容词,如alive, asleep, afraid, awake等。   例如:   The boy is ill / asleep.   I am afraid that it will rain tomorrow.   ②单个形容词作定语通常要前置,但修饰something, anything等不定代词时要后置。   例如:   I have something important to tell you.   Is there anything wrong with the computer?   ③两个或两个以上的形容词作表语时,通常在最后一个形容词前加and。   例如:   My dog is tall, grey and smart.   ④多个形容词修饰名词时,要按以下次序排列:限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小形状的形容词→表示长幼、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示出处的形容词→表示物质材料的形容词。   例如:   a beautiful, tall, young woman; a big, old, brown, Russian, wooden house   【中考链接】   ―You look _______ today.   ―Yes. I stayed up late last night to watch a talk show. (2013济南)   A. easy B. warm   C. tired D. smart   【答案】 C   【解析】 此题考查形容词在具体语境中的用法。句意为“你今天看起来很累。”“是的。为了看一场脱口秀,我昨晚熬夜太晚。”四个选项中,easy意为“容易的”;warm意为“温暖的”;tired意为“疲劳的”;smart意为“时髦的;聪明的”。通过句意可知,此题应选tired一词。   【中考链接】   ―Waiter, $ 20 for dinner, right?   ―I’m afraid $ 25, sir, for drinks are   ________. (2010武汉)   A. extra B. free C. high D. spare   【答案】 A   【解析】 此题考查形容词在具体语境中的用法。20美元进餐不包括酒水,酒水是“额外的;另加的”。根据语境可知,此题答案选A 。   【中考链接】   ―Where did you go on holiday this summer? England? (2009武汉)   ―You are _______. We went on a 10-day tour to Paris.   A. funny B. right   C. cool D. close   【答案】 D   【解析】 本题是在具体的语境中考查形容词的运用。   根据语境可知:You are close. “你猜得差不多”。故答案为D。   3. 现在进行时   现在进行时态肯定式由助动词be(am / is / are)+ 现在分词构成。其否定式是在助动词be后加上not:   ■ (1) 构成规则   ①一般在动词原形末尾加-ing;   ②以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing;   ③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加-ing。   ■ (2) 用法   现在进行时表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。   例如:   Where are they having the basketball match?   He is showing a foreign guest around the city.   We are having lunch now.   【注意】在不少情况下,表示正在进行的动作的中文句子中,并没有“正在”等类似字眼,但译为英语时却必须用进行时态。   例如:   How are you getting on with the work?   工作进展得怎样?   We’re thinking of building a dam here.   我们想在这里建造一座水坝。   Someone is asking for you on the phone.   有人电话找你。   现在进行时有时可用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时大多有一个表示未来时间的状语)。   例如:   We are leaving on Friday.   Are you going anywhere tomorrow?   A foreign guest is giving a lecture in English this afternoon.   (3) 区别一般现在时和现在进行时   现在进行时表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作;一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作,现在的特征或状态以及普遍真理。试比较:   一般现在时:   He works hard. (强调始终如一)   He is very tall. (强调状态)   现在进行时:   I am studying at home these days.   I am watching TV now.   【注意】有些动词有时可用于一般现在时,表示现在的动作,但由于动作持续的时间极短,一般不用进行时态。   例如:   I send you my best wishes.   I enclose a form of application.   We thank you for your kind invitation.   【中考链接】   ―Mum, I can’t find my shoes.   ―Hurry up!Your father ______ for us.(2012贵州毕节)   A. is waiting B. waited   C. waits D. will wait   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词时态的用法。根据情景可知此处表示“你父亲正在等我们”,应该使用现在进行时,故选A。   4. 一般过去时   (1) 基本用法   ①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。   例如:   How was your trip yesterday?   Where did he go on vacation last summer?   He went to New York last year.   ②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。   例如:   My father often went to work by bus last year.   When I was a child, I often listened to the radio.   (2) 时间状语   常与过去时连用的时间状语有: yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ...), last night (week, month, year ...), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago ..., in 1990 (in 1998 ...) 等。   例如:   My father was at work yesterday afternoon.   I went to Beijing in 2000.   Jim went to the zoo a week ago.   【中考链接】   ―Have you ever been to Shanghai?   ―Yes. I ______ there with my father   last year. (2011湖南株洲)   A. went B. have been   C. have gone   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词时态。根据答语中的时间状语last year,可以判断句子要用一般过去时。故选A。   ■   1. 如何提供帮助和应答   (1) Can I help you?意为“有什么能为您效劳吗?”(这是商店、饭店、书店等服务业的服务人员对顾客说的一句客套话)   类似的句型还有:What can I do for you?   Is there anything I can do for you?   Anything I can do for you?   肯定回答:Yes, please.   否定回答:No, thanks. I’m just looking around.   (2) Here, take this seat please. 意为“请坐在这里。”   (3) Would you like some water? 意为“您需要水吗?”   (4) Let me do it. “让我来做吧。”   对(2)(3)(4)的回答可以用:   Thanks. That would be nice.   Thank you for your help.   Yes, please.   No, thanks.   That’s very kind of you, but I can do / manage it myself.   【中考链接】   ―Thanks for your help.   ―_________. (2010武汉)   A. No, thanks B. Let me see   C. It doesn’t matter D. That’s OK   【答案】 D   【解析】交际用语。当别人表示感谢时,答案一般应当是“没什么/不客气。”从选项上看,A项的用法错误;B项答非所问;C项一般用来回答别人表示歉意时的用语;只有D项符合题意。故答案为D。   2. 询问地点   当你走在异国的大街小巷,不小心迷失了方向时,你知道如何礼貌地问路吗?大致有以下几种方式:   ―Where’s the train station, please?   ―Is there a train station near here?   ―Can / Could you tell me the way to the train station?   ―How can I get to the train station? = Which is the way to the train station?   指路、问路的几个实例:   (1) ―Where’s the train station, please?   ―It’s on the Bridge Street.   ―Is there a bus stop near here?   ―Yes, there is.   (2) ―Can you tell me the way to the post   office?   ―Sure. Go down this street, and you’ll   find it on your left.   (3) ―How can I get to the bank?   ―Sorry. I don’t know. I’m new here.   【中考链接】   ―Excuse me, which is the way to the   post office?   ―Sorry. I don’t know. You can ask the   policeman over there.   ―_______ (2010福建晋江)   A. How lucky!   B. It’s a pity.   C. Thank you all the same.   【答案】 C   【解析】考查交际用语。根据对话内容可知“尽管不知道,我同样也谢谢您!”,故选C。   3. 询问职业   当你想对某人进行进一步了解的时候,你知道如何询问他(她)的职业吗?常用以下几种方法:   What do you do?   What’s your job?   What are you?   【中考链接】   ―What does your mother do?   ―_______ (2012黔西南)   A. She is a teacher.   B. She is fifty.   C. She likes reading.   D. She works in a hospital.   【答案】 A   【解析】考查日常英语。询问职业,A答案符合题意。   4. 关于天气的表达方法   How’s the weather? = What’s the weather like?   It’s sunny / rainy / cloudy / windy / snowy / foggy.   Lovely weather, isn’t it?   It looks like rain.   It’s raining cats and dogs.   It seems to be clearing up.   It’s snowing heavily.   The snow won’t last long.   【中考链接】   ―_______   ―It’s sunny today. (2012湖北恩施)   A. How was the weather yesterday?   B. How are you doing?   C. What fine weather!   D. What’s the weather like today?   【答案】 D   【解析】考查日常英语。询问天气,A答案时态与题干不一致,只有D答案符合题意。故选D。   5. 关于长相的表达方法   What does she look like?   What is she like?   I’m very short / thin / tall / heavy.   She is of medium height. / She is of medium build.   She has long / short / curly / straight hair.   【中考链接】   ―What does your brother look like?   ―He is _______. (2013贵州铜仁)   A. fine B. nice and friendly   C. good D. tall and handsome   【答案】 D   【解析】考查日常英语。对方在询问某人的外貌特征。A选项“他很好”,指近况;B选项“他非常友好”,指性格;C选项“他很棒”,指向不明确;只有D选项“又高又帅”符合外貌描述。   6. 委婉请求的表达方法   What kind of pizza would you like?   Would you like a glass of milk?   Would you like to go with me?   Could you help me?   I’d like to ...   Sorry. I’m afraid I can’t.   【中考链接】   ―Cathy, could you come to our art club   tomorrow?   ―_______. (2012山东济南)   A. I’m sorry to hear that   B. Sure, I’d love to   C. Never mind   D. You’re welcome   【答案】 B   【解析】考查交际用语。I’m sorry to hear that.“听到这我很伤心”;Sure, I’d love to.“当然了,我愿意去”;Never mind.“不要紧”;You’re welcome.“没关系”。由上文句意“凯茜,明天你能来我们的美术俱乐部吗?”可知,答案选B。   7. 谈论喜好的表达方法   What do you think of ...?   How about / What about ...?   I (don’t) love / like it.   I can’t stand them.   I don’t mind ...   【中考链接】   ―What do you think of the talk   shows hosted by Zhou Libo?   ―_______. I watch them every   week. (2011郴州)   A. I love them   B. I can’t stand them   C. I don’t like them   【答案】 A   【解析】考查交际用语。根据答语“我每周都看”,说明是“喜欢”。故选A。

  ■   1. family, home和house   home, house, family这三个词都有“家”的意思,但是含义上有所不同。   (1) home作名词,指家庭成员在一起生活居住的地方,如:家、家乡、本国,带有感情色彩。   例如:   East or west, home is best.   His home is in Hunan.   They have a comfortable home.   (2) house作名词,主要指建筑物、住宅、房子,不带有感情色彩。   例如:   New houses are going up everywhere.   He is staying at his friend’s house.   (3) family作名词,指家中成员或子女,如父母、子女、妻子、丈夫、兄妹等,一般不涉及房屋。但需注意:family意为“家庭”做主语时,谓语动词用单数;family意为“家人”做主语时,谓语动词用复数。   例如:   How many people are there in Simon’s family?   His family is a happy family. Look!All his family are watching TV together now.   【中考链接】   Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second _______ because he has been here for over twenty years. (2010宁夏)   A. family B. house   C. room D. home   【答案】 D   【解析】 home作名词,指家乡。   2. little, a little与few, a few   区别一:a little和little修饰或指代不可数名词,与much相对;a few和few修饰或指代可数名词与many相对。   区别二:a little和a few含肯定语气, little和few含否定语气。一般说来,在only, just, still, quite, not等词后用a little或a few;在very, so, some, the, no等词后用little或few。   【中考链接】   We’d better wait _______ more minutes. I think Jeff will come soon. (2011河北)   A. a few B. few   C. a little D. little   【答案】 A   【解析】 考查词语辨析,minutes是可数名词复数,排除C和D;由Jeff will come soon可知:前句用肯定形式。“我们最好多等几分钟”,用a few more minutes表示。   3. join, take part in和attend   这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思,但用法不同。   (1) join有两个用法:   ①指加入某个党派、团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为“参军;入团;入党”等。   例如:   When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的?   She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。   ②和某人一起做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。   例如:   Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗?   He’ll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一起唱歌。   We’re going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一起去好吗?   (2) join in多指参加小规模的活动,如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。   例如:   Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。   Why didn’t you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?   (3) take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。   例如:   We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。   We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。   (4) attend是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼等;去上课、上学、听报告等。句子的主语只是去听、去看,自己不一定起主导作用。   例如:   He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。   I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。   【中考链接】   Anyone who sings well can _______ the activity in our school. (2011陕西)   A. take part in B. take off   C. take out D. take care of   【答案】 A   【解析】 本题考查动词词组词义的辨析。take part in“参加”;take off“起飞”;take out“取出;拿出”;take care of“照顾;照看”。句意为“任何歌唱得好的人都可以参加我们学校的这个活动”。故选A。   4. pay, spend, cost和take   (1) pay作动词时意为“付钱;支付”,主语为人,后面可以接用来表示“人”的名词或表示“钱”的数目;当表示“花钱买某物”时,常用sb. pay (some money) for (sth.) 结构。   例如:   How soon can you pay me (for the work)?   I paid 200 dollars for the painting.   She tried to leave the shop without paying for the dress.   (2) 动词spend意为“用(钱);花费;度过(时间)”,其主语通常为人,常用于sb. spend time / money (in) doing / on sth. 结构中,意为“某人花费时间 / 金钱做某事”。   例如:   He spends half an hour (in) doing his homework every day.   They spend a lot of money in advertising.   (3) cost作动词时也意为“花费”,但是它的主语只能是物,不能是人,其结构为:sth. costs (sb.) money。有时指“付出……代价”。   例如:   The book costs me ten yuan.   ―How much do these shoes cost?   ―They cost 30 dollars.   (4) take表示“花费”时是指花费时间或金钱,句型为:It takes sb. + 时间 / 金钱 + to do sth. 意为“某人干某事花了多少时间 / 钱”。   例如:   It took me two hours to finish my homework.   It took me 300 yuan to buy this MP3.   【中考链接】   ―What’s your plan for this weekend?   ―I’m going to ______ it with my   grandparents. (2011连云港)   A. cost B. spend C. give D. pay   【答案】 B   【解析】考查动词的辨析。cost“值多少钱”,物作主语;spend“花费;度过”,人作主语;give“给某人某物”;pay“付款”,人作主语。排除A。句意:我打算跟我爷爷奶奶度过周末。故选B。   【中考链接】   I ______ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team. (2011天津)   A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay   【答案】 A   【解析】词义辨析。这四个选项都有“花费”的意思,其中只有spend可用于spend time (in) doing sth. 题干中有playing,所以选择A。   5. surprised与surprising   两者都是形容词,surprised意为“感到惊讶的”,通常修饰人,常见句型有:be surprised at sb. / sth., be surprised to do sth., be surprised that ...; surprising意为“令人惊讶的”,通常修饰物。   例如:   We were surprised at this news.   I’m surprised to see you here.   I’m surprised that he didn’t come.   She made a surprising decision.   It’s surprising that they lost the match.   类似以上区别的词汇还有:interested与interesting; excited与exciting; disappointed与disappointing等。   【中考链接】   ―We all like Miss Wang.   ―I agree with you. She always makes her English classes ______. (2011福州中考)   A. interested B. interest   C. interesting   【答案】 C   【解析】考查make + sb. / sth. + adj.的用法。句意:――我们都喜欢王老师。――我同意你的看法。她总是使她的英语课堂有趣。interested修饰人,而interesting则修饰物。故选C。   6. wear, put on, dress和have on   (1) wear意为“穿;戴”,表示穿的状态。还可以用于“佩戴”装饰品等。   例如:   She always wears sunglasses and a red dress.   (2) put on意为“穿上; 戴上”, 强调的是穿的动作。   例如:   Put on this coat. It’s cold outside.   (3) dress也表示“穿衣服”,用法与结构为:dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”;dress oneself “穿衣”,这两种用法强调动作。be dressed in + 颜色,“穿……颜色的衣服”,强调状态;dress up“装扮;打扮”。   例如:   The girl was dressed in white at the meeting.   (4)have on“穿戴”,强调状态。此短语不能用于进行时态。   例如:   He always has on T-shirts.   【中考链接】   Most British high school children ______ uniforms at school. (2011山东济宁)   A. wear B. dress   C. put on D. dress up   【答案】 A   【解析】词汇辨析。wear“穿着”;put on “穿上”;dress“给……穿衣”;dress up“装扮;打扮”,由句意“大多数英国中学生在学校穿校服”可知,用wear。故选A。   【中考链接】   Mary is used to _______ a T-shirt and jeans. (2011兰州)   A. wear B. put on   C. wearing D. putting on   【答案】 C   【解析】词义辨析。句意“玛丽习惯于穿T恤衫和牛仔裤”,be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,因此排除选项A、B,wear强调状态,put on强调动作,由句意可知此处表示状态,因此选C。   7. turn   turn意为“转动;变为”。   例如:   Turn left at the second crossing and you will see the park.   The weather is turning cold.   与turn 相关的短语有:   turn over 翻转   turn off 关掉;关上   turn on 打开   turn down 调小(音量)   turn up 调大(音量)   turn out 证明是;结果是;生产   turn to sb. 向某人求助   take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事   It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事   例如:   Let’s take turns to be on duty.   If you turn over, you might find it easier to get to sleep.   It’s my turn to clean the room.   【中考链接】   I can hardly hear what it is saying on TV. Would you please _______? (2011安徽)   A. turn it up B. turn it down   C. turn it on D. turn it off   【答案】 A   【解析】选A. turn up“调大”; turn down“调小”; turn on “打开”;turn off“关闭”。由前句“我几乎听不见电视在说什么”可知,应该是A项。   【中考链接】   Mike _______ his computer and checked his e-mail. (2010河北省卷)   A. turned on B. turned off   C. turned up D. turned down   【答案】 A   【解析】词汇辨析题。看答案四个词组的词义,turned on “打开”,turned off“关掉”,turned up“调大音量”,turned down“调小音量”。句意为“Mike打开电脑,检查他的e-mail.” 故选A。   8. other, another, the other, others和 the others   (1) other做形容词,意为“(泛指)其余的;别的”。   例如:   Do you have any other questions?   Please write it every other line.   I have other books besides these.   (2) the other则为特指,强调两者中的另一个 / 类,作形容词时,其后可接单数或复数名词。作代词时单独使用。常用于搭配 one ... the other.   例如:   She has two pens. One is white; the other is yellow.   He has two children. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.   (3) another表示泛指,意为“另一,另一些;再;又”。作形容词时,后接单数或复数名词;作代词时,单独使用。   例如:   I don’t want this one, please show me another (one).   They would like another three chairs to sit on.   (4) others只能用作代词,意思相当于other ones,即“(泛指)某一部分人或物”。   例如:   Each of us must think of others.   Some of us like singing and dancing; others like playing computer games.   (5) the others只能用作代词,意为“(特指)余下的一部分人或物”。   例如:   I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.   I have many cups. Four of them are red, and the others are yellow.   【中考链接】   My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, and ______ is black. (2009北京)   A. other B. another   C. others D. the other   【答案】 D   【解析】根据关键词One可以联想到one ... the other ...的用法,故排除A、B、C三项,选D。   ■   1. look for, find和find out的区别   (1) look for (v. + prep.) 意为“寻找”,指寻找的动作,强调寻找的过程,未说明是否能找到,是延续性动词。   例如:   ―What are you looking for?   ―I am looking for my watch.   (2) find意为“找到;发现”,指找到、发现的结果,是终止性动词。   例如:   Have you found the book you were looking for?   (3) find out (v. + adv.) 意为“打听出;查询出”,指经过打听询问后得知,后接表示“事实;真相;秘密”等意义的词或从句作宾语。   例如:   ① ―What time is the plane taking off?   ―I don’t know but I can go and find it out.   ② Please find out who stole the computer last night.   【中考链接】   ―Steven, could you help me ______ when the plane will take off on the Internet?   ―I’m sorry. My computer doesn’t work.   (2010重庆)   A. get on B. find out   C. look for D. look after   【答案】 B   【解析】 get on“上车”;find out“找出;发现”;look for“寻找”,表动作;look after “照顾”。根据句意,答案应选B。   2. go out, go through, go over, go up, go off   (1) go out 出去,熄灭   例如:   Don’t go out, it is still raining. 别出去,天还在下雨。   All of a sudden, the light went out. 突然灯熄了。   (2) go through 穿过,经历   例如:   Our soldiers are going through a thick forest. 我们的战士正穿过一片茂密的森林。   His grandfather once went through hardships. 他的祖父曾经历尽艰难。   (3) go over 仔细看或检查;温习,复习   例如:   You must go over this important article.你必须把这篇重要的文章仔细读一遍。   Have you gone over all of your notes? 所有的笔记都复习了吗?   (4) go up 上升;上涨   例如:   I have heard that the price of the computer has gone up again. 我听说电脑价格又上涨了。   Is the water still going up? 水还在上涨吗?   (5) go off 响起;变质   例如:   The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。   This milk has gone off. 牛奶变坏了。   【中考链接】   My car alarm is always ______ whenever my neighbor’s cat goes under my car. (2011青岛)   A. going off B. going out   C. breaking down D. setting off   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词词组的辨析。根据句意“每当邻居家的猫跑到我车底下”可猜测汽车报警器都会“响”,故答案选A,意为“发出响声”。   3. too many, too much和much too   too many和too much都表示“太多”,too many后接可数名词,too much后接不可数名词;much too意为“太;非常”,意思与very, too相当,但语气更强烈。   例如:   I have too much homework to do this evening.   It’s far away. Don’t take too many books.   This lesson has too many new words.   The work is much too difficult for a boy of thirteen.   I have drunk too much.   【中考链接】   ―What’s the matter?   ―I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ______ tonight. (2009德州中考)   A. too much B. too many   C. much too D. many too   【答案】 A   【解析】考查too much的用法。结合题意可知too much在这里作名词词组,故排除B、C、D三项,故选A。   4. look for, look up , look after和look at   (1) look for 寻找   例如:   She is looking for her lost child. 她正在寻找丢失的孩子。   (2) look up 查询   例如:   If you don’t know a word, you can look it up in a dictionary. 如果你有不认识的字,可以查字典。   (3) look after 照顾   例如:   Who will look after your children while you go out to work? 你上班时谁来照料你的孩子?   (4) look at 看   例如:   Look at the map, please. 请看这张地图。   【中考链接】   My sister is ill. I have to _______ her at home. (2012黔西南)   A. look at B. look up   C. look after D. look for   【答案】 C   【解析】考查对短语的理解。look after 表达“照看,照顾”之意。C选项符合句意。   ■   1. 物主代词、反身代词和人称代词   (1) 物主代词:   ① 形容词性物主代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:my, your, his / her / its; 第一、二和三人称的复数:our, your, their。   用法:不能单独使用,用作定语,后接名词。   例如:   This is my pen, your pen is on the table, and their pens are in the pencil case.   ② 名词性物主代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:mine, yours, his / hers / its; 第一、二和三人称的复数:ours, yours, theirs。   用法:具有名词的特性,往往单独使用。用作主语、宾语、表语。   例如:   This room is mine, yours is upstairs, and theirs are next to hers.   【注意】形容词性物主代词 + 名词相当于一个名词性物主代词。   例如:   This is my pen. = This pen is mine.   【中考链接】   Mom, I’m old enough to wash _______ own clothes and _______. You can have a rest after work. (2013甘肃兰州)   A. my; your B. my; yours   C. your; my D. yours; mine   【答案】 B   【解析】 形容词性物主代词my作定语,修饰名词clothes;名词性物主代词yours作宾语。   【中考链接】   ―Does Miss White like sports?   ―Yes, _______ favorite sport is tennis.(2013济南)   A. he B. she   C. his D. her   【答案】 D   【解析】 表达“她最喜欢的”,此处应选用形容词性物主代词her作定语,但学生们容易受汉语影响误选she。   (2) 反身代词:   第一、二和三人称的单数:myself, yourself, herself / himself / itself; 第一、二和三人称的复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves.   【注意】 反身代词可用作宾格、表语、主语的同位语和宾语的同位语,用作同位语时表示强调“本人,自己”。   例如:   I am teaching myself computer.   The child himself drew this picture.   You should ask the children themselves.   【中考链接】   She is proud of _______ (she) for not giving up easily. (2010陕西)   【答案】 herself   【解析】 这句话的意思是:她以她自己不轻易放弃而自豪。be proud of oneself的意思是“以自己为自豪”。   【中考链接】   Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough to think for _______. (2012河北)   A. himself B. herself   C. yourself D. myself   【答案】 D   【解析】 think for myself 为我自己考虑。   (3) 人称代词:   ① 主格:   第一、二和三人称的单数:I, you, he / she / it; 第一、二和三人称的复数:we, you, they。   ② 宾格:   第一、二和三人称的单数:me, you, him / her / it; 第一、二和三人称的复数:us, you, them。   【注意】 主格作主语,宾格作宾语。   例如:   Would you like to go with me?   I like to learn English.   【中考链接】   Tom and Mike are good friends. _______ often help each other. (2010北京)   A. They B. Them   C. Their D. Theirs   【答案】 A   【解析】 这句话的意思是:Tom和Mike是好朋友,他们经常互相帮助。所填词语要在句中作主语,所以应选They。   【中考链接】   ―Is the woman a teacher?   ―Yes. She teaches _______ English.   (2010荆州)   A. you B. us   C. our D. your   【答案】 B   【解析】 固定结构teach sb. sth.的意思是“教某人某事”。所填词语要作动词teach的宾语,所以填人称代词的宾格形式。   2. 形容词   形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语、复合宾语的一部分(即宾语补足语)或状语。   (1) 用来修饰名词,作定语。   例如:   a good girl / a sunny day / a new watch;   The people have creative power.   (2) 形容词作表语。   例如:   The case is very heavy.   The acting was great.   Don’t feel bad. Everything will be all right.   (3) 形容词作复合宾语的一部分(即宾补)。   例如:   Who left the door open?   I have never seen the hall so full in all these years.   (4) 形容词作主语补足语。   例如:   He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.   形容词在此处作主语补足语,补充说明主语的状态。   【注意】   ①大多数形容词既可作表语,也可作定语。但下列形容词只能作定语:wooden, woolen, golden等,如:a wooden table, a golden watch。下列形容词只能作表语:ill, well和以a开头的形容词,如alive, asleep, afraid, awake等。   例如:   The boy is ill / asleep.   I am afraid that it will rain tomorrow.   ②单个形容词作定语通常要前置,但修饰something, anything等不定代词时要后置。   例如:   I have something important to tell you.   Is there anything wrong with the computer?   ③两个或两个以上的形容词作表语时,通常在最后一个形容词前加and。   例如:   My dog is tall, grey and smart.   ④多个形容词修饰名词时,要按以下次序排列:限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小形状的形容词→表示长幼、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示出处的形容词→表示物质材料的形容词。   例如:   a beautiful, tall, young woman; a big, old, brown, Russian, wooden house   【中考链接】   ―You look _______ today.   ―Yes. I stayed up late last night to watch a talk show. (2013济南)   A. easy B. warm   C. tired D. smart   【答案】 C   【解析】 此题考查形容词在具体语境中的用法。句意为“你今天看起来很累。”“是的。为了看一场脱口秀,我昨晚熬夜太晚。”四个选项中,easy意为“容易的”;warm意为“温暖的”;tired意为“疲劳的”;smart意为“时髦的;聪明的”。通过句意可知,此题应选tired一词。   【中考链接】   ―Waiter, $ 20 for dinner, right?   ―I’m afraid $ 25, sir, for drinks are   ________. (2010武汉)   A. extra B. free C. high D. spare   【答案】 A   【解析】 此题考查形容词在具体语境中的用法。20美元进餐不包括酒水,酒水是“额外的;另加的”。根据语境可知,此题答案选A 。   【中考链接】   ―Where did you go on holiday this summer? England? (2009武汉)   ―You are _______. We went on a 10-day tour to Paris.   A. funny B. right   C. cool D. close   【答案】 D   【解析】 本题是在具体的语境中考查形容词的运用。   根据语境可知:You are close. “你猜得差不多”。故答案为D。   3. 现在进行时   现在进行时态肯定式由助动词be(am / is / are)+ 现在分词构成。其否定式是在助动词be后加上not:   ■ (1) 构成规则   ①一般在动词原形末尾加-ing;   ②以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing;   ③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加-ing。   ■ (2) 用法   现在进行时表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。   例如:   Where are they having the basketball match?   He is showing a foreign guest around the city.   We are having lunch now.   【注意】在不少情况下,表示正在进行的动作的中文句子中,并没有“正在”等类似字眼,但译为英语时却必须用进行时态。   例如:   How are you getting on with the work?   工作进展得怎样?   We’re thinking of building a dam here.   我们想在这里建造一座水坝。   Someone is asking for you on the phone.   有人电话找你。   现在进行时有时可用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时大多有一个表示未来时间的状语)。   例如:   We are leaving on Friday.   Are you going anywhere tomorrow?   A foreign guest is giving a lecture in English this afternoon.   (3) 区别一般现在时和现在进行时   现在进行时表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作;一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作,现在的特征或状态以及普遍真理。试比较:   一般现在时:   He works hard. (强调始终如一)   He is very tall. (强调状态)   现在进行时:   I am studying at home these days.   I am watching TV now.   【注意】有些动词有时可用于一般现在时,表示现在的动作,但由于动作持续的时间极短,一般不用进行时态。   例如:   I send you my best wishes.   I enclose a form of application.   We thank you for your kind invitation.   【中考链接】   ―Mum, I can’t find my shoes.   ―Hurry up!Your father ______ for us.(2012贵州毕节)   A. is waiting B. waited   C. waits D. will wait   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词时态的用法。根据情景可知此处表示“你父亲正在等我们”,应该使用现在进行时,故选A。   4. 一般过去时   (1) 基本用法   ①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。   例如:   How was your trip yesterday?   Where did he go on vacation last summer?   He went to New York last year.   ②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。   例如:   My father often went to work by bus last year.   When I was a child, I often listened to the radio.   (2) 时间状语   常与过去时连用的时间状语有: yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening ...), last night (week, month, year ...), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago ..., in 1990 (in 1998 ...) 等。   例如:   My father was at work yesterday afternoon.   I went to Beijing in 2000.   Jim went to the zoo a week ago.   【中考链接】   ―Have you ever been to Shanghai?   ―Yes. I ______ there with my father   last year. (2011湖南株洲)   A. went B. have been   C. have gone   【答案】 A   【解析】考查动词时态。根据答语中的时间状语last year,可以判断句子要用一般过去时。故选A。   ■   1. 如何提供帮助和应答   (1) Can I help you?意为“有什么能为您效劳吗?”(这是商店、饭店、书店等服务业的服务人员对顾客说的一句客套话)   类似的句型还有:What can I do for you?   Is there anything I can do for you?   Anything I can do for you?   肯定回答:Yes, please.   否定回答:No, thanks. I’m just looking around.   (2) Here, take this seat please. 意为“请坐在这里。”   (3) Would you like some water? 意为“您需要水吗?”   (4) Let me do it. “让我来做吧。”   对(2)(3)(4)的回答可以用:   Thanks. That would be nice.   Thank you for your help.   Yes, please.   No, thanks.   That’s very kind of you, but I can do / manage it myself.   【中考链接】   ―Thanks for your help.   ―_________. (2010武汉)   A. No, thanks B. Let me see   C. It doesn’t matter D. That’s OK   【答案】 D   【解析】交际用语。当别人表示感谢时,答案一般应当是“没什么/不客气。”从选项上看,A项的用法错误;B项答非所问;C项一般用来回答别人表示歉意时的用语;只有D项符合题意。故答案为D。   2. 询问地点   当你走在异国的大街小巷,不小心迷失了方向时,你知道如何礼貌地问路吗?大致有以下几种方式:   ―Where’s the train station, please?   ―Is there a train station near here?   ―Can / Could you tell me the way to the train station?   ―How can I get to the train station? = Which is the way to the train station?   指路、问路的几个实例:   (1) ―Where’s the train station, please?   ―It’s on the Bridge Street.   ―Is there a bus stop near here?   ―Yes, there is.   (2) ―Can you tell me the way to the post   office?   ―Sure. Go down this street, and you’ll   find it on your left.   (3) ―How can I get to the bank?   ―Sorry. I don’t know. I’m new here.   【中考链接】   ―Excuse me, which is the way to the   post office?   ―Sorry. I don’t know. You can ask the   policeman over there.   ―_______ (2010福建晋江)   A. How lucky!   B. It’s a pity.   C. Thank you all the same.   【答案】 C   【解析】考查交际用语。根据对话内容可知“尽管不知道,我同样也谢谢您!”,故选C。   3. 询问职业   当你想对某人进行进一步了解的时候,你知道如何询问他(她)的职业吗?常用以下几种方法:   What do you do?   What’s your job?   What are you?   【中考链接】   ―What does your mother do?   ―_______ (2012黔西南)   A. She is a teacher.   B. She is fifty.   C. She likes reading.   D. She works in a hospital.   【答案】 A   【解析】考查日常英语。询问职业,A答案符合题意。   4. 关于天气的表达方法   How’s the weather? = What’s the weather like?   It’s sunny / rainy / cloudy / windy / snowy / foggy.   Lovely weather, isn’t it?   It looks like rain.   It’s raining cats and dogs.   It seems to be clearing up.   It’s snowing heavily.   The snow won’t last long.   【中考链接】   ―_______   ―It’s sunny today. (2012湖北恩施)   A. How was the weather yesterday?   B. How are you doing?   C. What fine weather!   D. What’s the weather like today?   【答案】 D   【解析】考查日常英语。询问天气,A答案时态与题干不一致,只有D答案符合题意。故选D。   5. 关于长相的表达方法   What does she look like?   What is she like?   I’m very short / thin / tall / heavy.   She is of medium height. / She is of medium build.   She has long / short / curly / straight hair.   【中考链接】   ―What does your brother look like?   ―He is _______. (2013贵州铜仁)   A. fine B. nice and friendly   C. good D. tall and handsome   【答案】 D   【解析】考查日常英语。对方在询问某人的外貌特征。A选项“他很好”,指近况;B选项“他非常友好”,指性格;C选项“他很棒”,指向不明确;只有D选项“又高又帅”符合外貌描述。   6. 委婉请求的表达方法   What kind of pizza would you like?   Would you like a glass of milk?   Would you like to go with me?   Could you help me?   I’d like to ...   Sorry. I’m afraid I can’t.   【中考链接】   ―Cathy, could you come to our art club   tomorrow?   ―_______. (2012山东济南)   A. I’m sorry to hear that   B. Sure, I’d love to   C. Never mind   D. You’re welcome   【答案】 B   【解析】考查交际用语。I’m sorry to hear that.“听到这我很伤心”;Sure, I’d love to.“当然了,我愿意去”;Never mind.“不要紧”;You’re welcome.“没关系”。由上文句意“凯茜,明天你能来我们的美术俱乐部吗?”可知,答案选B。   7. 谈论喜好的表达方法   What do you think of ...?   How about / What about ...?   I (don’t) love / like it.   I can’t stand them.   I don’t mind ...   【中考链接】   ―What do you think of the talk   shows hosted by Zhou Libo?   ―_______. I watch them every   week. (2011郴州)   A. I love them   B. I can’t stand them   C. I don’t like them   【答案】 A   【解析】考查交际用语。根据答语“我每周都看”,说明是“喜欢”。故选A。


相关内容

  • 2013襄阳中考说明确定各科难度略有增加
  • 2013襄阳中考说明确定 各科难度略有增加 2月1日,部分中学已经领到<2013年襄阳市中考说明>.作为中考命题的风向标,中考说明明确了考试的原则.范围.形式和要求.分析中考说明,一些老师表示,今年中考总体保持平稳,体现新课改理念,更加注重综合能力考查.各学科中,语文.英语.历史等难度略 ...

  • 新航线国际学校2012年武汉市中考说明
  • 2012年武汉市中考说明 考试变化及备考建议 2012年武汉市中考说明昨日出台,每年的中考说明不仅仅是作为考试的参考,更多的是对中考的定位,题型和考试内容的进一步的精简.今年中考,文化考试共5份试卷(含两份合卷).7门学科,满分为570分.昨日公布的考纲表明,所有学科均实行"网上阅卷&qu ...

  • 2014年成都中考考试科目考点及考试题型变化说明
  • 2014年成都中考考试科目考点及考试题型变化说明 2014年成都中考考试科目考点及考试题型说明:根据2014年成都中考考试说明,2014年成都中考语文删除删除李白篇目等,请看2014年成都中考考试科目考点及考试题型说明. <成都2014年初中毕业生学业暨高中招生考试说明>(简称<考 ...

  • 中考备考方案(语文英语物理化学)
  • 目录 教学方案 1 1 3 5 6 7 2008年语文中考复习指导方案 2008年数学中考复习指导方案 2008年英语中考复习指导方案 2008年物理中考复习指导方案 2008年化学中考复习指导方案 教学方案 2008年语文中考复习指导方案 一.理清复习思路,三大阶段任务分步完成 1.感悟与积累阶段 ...

  • 中考冲刺,临门一脚:冲刺的8条建议, 99%考生都不知道
  • 中考的脚步越来越近了,你还抱着黑马逆袭.一鸣惊人的希望吗?你还在患得患失,为了两三分的选择题熬夜苦战吗?当你仰望星空的时候,别忘了脚下踏着的大地.你恨自己的意志力太薄弱,你爱让人努力的鸡汤,你也知道,最大的敌人不是身边的学霸,而是你自己.假如把中考比作一锅炉水,你花了三年的时光添柴加薪,将它烧得滚烫 ...

  • C442生地会考宣誓词
  • C442生地会考宣誓词 生地会考在即,我们庄严宣誓-- 奋战三十天,用破釜沉舟的决心超越自我! 苦战三十天,用悬梁刺股的精神挑战极限! 决战三十天,用舍我其谁的气概独占鳌头! 442班多才俊,生地会考创辉煌!!! 宣誓人: 2014-5-15 长沙中考网:长沙初二的同学们将在本学期完成长沙初中毕业会 ...

  • 解读2016重庆中考英语试题特点评析.命题趋势
  • 重庆2015试题特点评析.解读2016年命题趋势 2015年重庆中考英语试题与去年相比有小幅度的调整,首先,分值方面的变化涉及两个题型:完形填空由每小题2分变为每小题1.5分:书面表达由15分变为16分:其次是题量上的变化,如:任务型阅读增加一道回答特殊疑问句的题,完成句子增加了一道完成译句题. 今 ...

  • 2012中考英语复习备考计划方案
  • 浅谈中考英语复习策略 时光荏苒,光阴如梭,2012年的中考即将来临.这几年的英语中考试题,不仅加强了对英语基础知识的考查,更突出了对运用知识的能力的考查.结合对我校2012届初三学生第一学期期末考试细致深入的分析,准确把握学生们的现状,在备课组内继续深入学习研究课标及中考说明的精神,深入研究近3年齐 ...

  • 初中课程教学视频辅导
  • 初一课程 初一数学学习方法指导 初一生物上册实验教程(苏教版) 人教版七年级英语上册教程 北师大版七年级数学上册教程 人教版七年级数学上册辅导教程 初一语文学习方法讲座 人教版七年级下英语教程 初一语文新课标教程 七年级历史学习方法辅导 七年级英语学习方法视频教程 新目标七年级英语上册视频 人教版七 ...