It is well known that the specialty—construction management plays a more and more significant role in the development of the society in recent years. From the beginning its came into being to its change with the reform of economic system, construction management also change its process of development. Nowadays, the development of marketization and internationalization spur the rationalization and scientification of engineering cost supervision system, so the way to engineering quota management was carried by the separation of quantity and price, and then establish a mechanism which market competition directed by project quota gradually. Meanwhile, enhancing economic plausibility and rationality, establishing relative message network system and timely release of information, to lining with the needs of market. Our government should enhance the supervision of construction cost, establish the supervision system of construction cost gradually, and normalize the behavior of pricing, to ensure the smooth of project quality and construction. The quality management of construction project is a systemic project, from feasibility study, survey and design to construction, acceptance check and so on, all of this have a problem of quality control. The management of project construction not only is a process to form project entity, but also is a key stage of quality of the final product. So the quality control in management of project construction is the key link in the whole process in project construction, the project quality mainly depend on the management of quality in process of construction stage.
Modern engineering project have a tendency to develop into large scale and
modern with the complexity of project increase exponentially, only manage and control strictly, the quality and schedule of construction can be guaranteed under the condition of growing investments.
Therefore, modern project management mode of “Make detailed planning comprehensively, according to plan strictly, feedback and update timely, track and contrast closely” can’t carry out only through manual lab, only using computer business management system and simple computer network manage pattern also can ’t meet the actual manage demand. On this basis, we think that modern construction project management enterprise to realize modern management model need shifting to intellective management enterprise, establishing the theory and practice framework of enterprise knowledge management combined with computer, knowledge will become the sword of management.
Since the reform and opening-up, the numbers of China construction enterprise have increasing rapidly, but from the actual situation there is a gap between China and international in ability to construction project management, which affects the project management level in China. And the quality of project is an important indicator of project management, Therefore, reforming traditional project management model and improve the quality of quality have became import issue of construction enterprises. The construction industry is one of basic industries in our country, its normal operation related to the sustained development of the national economy directly. In recent years, with the development of market economy have been established
and perfected gradually in China, the construction industry has got an unprecedented improvement. Meanwhile, the rapid development has exposed many problems, the construction project quality, especially the residential construction quality, has became the focus of attention. Engineering projects as construction project products invests and consumes much manual lab, material and energy, construction project quality related to engineering applicability and safeties of lives and property of people. On the other hand, it’s related to the survival of enterprises, so the quality management on the top position is imperative.
Construction project item management is a one-time comprehensive management and control to optimizing the goal with target, goal and content based on specific construction projects. Its connotation is: from the project start to finish, reaching the goal of quality, rate of progress, cost and safety through the project planning and project control. In view of the construction project is disposable, in order to save investment, achieve the goal of energy-saving emission and construction target, and build construction products in accordance with the requirements, we construction personnel must be aware of the importance of project management in the construction process, and pay attention to reinforcing the following aspects in the construction project management in particular case. (I) Quality management
Quality is the life of enterprises and the fundamental guarantee for the development of enterprises. Today, construction market competition has more and more intense. How to improve the quality of the construction management level is
every enterprise managers need to think about. (i) Regime of quality supervision The quality management of the construction project can be summarized by the following words: set goals and clear the lines of responsibility; assign and put it into effect, explain in detail; contra posing the difficulty organizes research; set an example and explore experiences; tracking control and control strictly, do a good job of quality control and regular monitor of the quality of products. Establishing and improving the system of whole process quality monitoring, intervening and controlling project quality through scientific method, means and control mechanism to let the project quality always in a dynamic management.
① Establish the system of quality self-checking. The quality of project involves all aspects of society, and also reflects the level of enterprises management synthetically. In general, any construction project should accept supervision from the enterprises itself. Enterprises self-checking require any construction company establish a effective system of quality supervision, and through the run of this system to improve quality continuously.
② Quality supervision by the third-party. It means enterprises should
accept the supervision by owner, and the type of supervision is the most authoritative now. These two types of quality supervision in above work clearly, communicate closely and compose to the complete system of control construction project quality, so that enterprises can promise project quality achieve desired expect.
(ii) The supervision methods and means
As an administrative staff, controlling the quality of engineering
construction is the most important thing in locale management. Whether the quality of project is good or bad depends on the management level of inspector and the supervision.
① The site supervision in each process of construction operation should
found the problem on-site, point out and correct, use the methods measure honestly combined with overall look-and-feel.
② Call all on-site management personnel together to specify the
common problem in the construction process, have a in-depth knowledge to construction workers, and correct mistakes timely.
③ Write the book of quality control and guidance document. For those quality problems may occur or has occurred, we management personnel should do an introduction and countermeasures in detail, clear responsibility and claim related personnel correct on time.
(II) Schedule management Whether the project can be delivered within agreed timeframe have a direct influence on the development of project economic and social effect results benefit. The factor of human, technology, material, equipment, machine, foundation, funds, climate and environment all affect the process of project schedule. In order to do a good schedule management of project, we need solving the following problems focused.
① Establish the pattern and framework of project management. A successful project must have a successful management team and a standard work mode, operating procedures and business system.
② Establish a strict contract network system. A large project is a
community consists of many construction workers, so it needs a strict contract system to mobilize the enthusiasm of all people so that can avoid sabotage and wrangling each other.
③ Develop a practical project plan of three grades. This plan requires not only the work of construction organization, but also the work of owners, design company and supervision company, what’s more, we should take government which very relative to construction into consideration.
④ Determine the design company, sign the design contract and the
check and review of design quality and speed. Whether the project construction can be carried out smoothly depends on the quality of design.
⑤ The bids and evaluation of construction organization, the sign of
construction contract, including the choice between general contractor and sub-contractors, and sign the contract of support of material and equipment.
⑥ Handle government formalities in earlier stage project plan and
arrange the municipal auxiliary projects. Sufficient communication with government and good relationship are promise to successful project. (III) Cost control
The type of Construction project cost is divided into the budget
cost, plan cost and actual cost. Under the situation of construction cost meet schedule and quality, through the methods of origination, economics, technology and contracts to control the cost in the range of expect. To tighten the project cost management, we can undertake it in the following aspects:
① The enterprises should formulate the work quota, and those money should use according to engineering quantities, and we should calculate the total quantities of manmade. We can control the manmade cost as long as control the manmade quantities so that control the project cost.
② Strengthen material management, establish the system of limits of material requisition, manage the material out of storage strictly, lump sum to those material cost much in site.
③ Improve the utilization rate of equipment and materials. Check on,
repair and maintain the construction machine regularly, rented equipment and material should return to rent company on time to speed up the construction period and reduce the rent cost.
④ Choose a correct construction scheme is the key to shorten the
construction period, improve quality and reduce the cost, in the process of construction, we should try our best to search new techniques, new technology, new materials to r educe costs, improve efficiency.
⑤ Be strict in construction: construction in line with the drawings and the standard, be strict in quality to ensure project quality, reduce the waste of labor and material caused by rework.
⑥ Streamline the management mechanism, reduce the level of management to save the construction management fees. (IV) Security management
Safety production management of construction projects –organize all activities of production safety, through the control of production factors to reduce or eliminate unsafe behavior and state, does not cause the accident, so as to the normal operation of construction project.
① Adhere to principle of security management. Safety and production are synchronous so that if control the production safety also should be controlled, safety contain in the production, what ’s more, promote and promise the production. Safe working is common thing of anyone relative with production rather than only relative with minority and security mechanism, lack of full participation, security
not obvious.
② Adhere to control the unsafe behaviors of human and unsafe states of things. From the analysis of the causes of the accident, we can get that human, things and environment is the fundamental reason of accident. From the human and things management sides to analyze accident, unsafe human behaviors and unsafe things states are both fundamental reason of accident.
③ Establish safety management measures. Strengthen the safety management of construction engineering, formulate practical safety management system and measures are very important. According to the production management does not have vitality, and effect is
characteristics of construction engineering , formulate the detailed project safety risk prediction and the corresponding guarantee measure and decompose the project risk, implement the safety responsibility to every apartment, every team and everyone to easier management.
To sum up, the construction project management is a systematic
project which includes risk, investment, contract, schedule, quality, personnel and other aspects of the work, and relates to the and design, other supervision, construction, equipment, materials, operations
departments and units. Therefore, only all sides cooperate positively and cogent strengthen construction engineering management of quality, cost, schedule and security so that construction engineering project can be carried out smoothly and create a good economic benefits for the enterprise.
It is well known that the specialty—construction management plays a more and more significant role in the development of the society in recent years. From the beginning its came into being to its change with the reform of economic system, construction management also change its process of development. Nowadays, the development of marketization and internationalization spur the rationalization and scientification of engineering cost supervision system, so the way to engineering quota management was carried by the separation of quantity and price, and then establish a mechanism which market competition directed by project quota gradually. Meanwhile, enhancing economic plausibility and rationality, establishing relative message network system and timely release of information, to lining with the needs of market. Our government should enhance the supervision of construction cost, establish the supervision system of construction cost gradually, and normalize the behavior of pricing, to ensure the smooth of project quality and construction. The quality management of construction project is a systemic project, from feasibility study, survey and design to construction, acceptance check and so on, all of this have a problem of quality control. The management of project construction not only is a process to form project entity, but also is a key stage of quality of the final product. So the quality control in management of project construction is the key link in the whole process in project construction, the project quality mainly depend on the management of quality in process of construction stage.
Modern engineering project have a tendency to develop into large scale and
modern with the complexity of project increase exponentially, only manage and control strictly, the quality and schedule of construction can be guaranteed under the condition of growing investments.
Therefore, modern project management mode of “Make detailed planning comprehensively, according to plan strictly, feedback and update timely, track and contrast closely” can’t carry out only through manual lab, only using computer business management system and simple computer network manage pattern also can ’t meet the actual manage demand. On this basis, we think that modern construction project management enterprise to realize modern management model need shifting to intellective management enterprise, establishing the theory and practice framework of enterprise knowledge management combined with computer, knowledge will become the sword of management.
Since the reform and opening-up, the numbers of China construction enterprise have increasing rapidly, but from the actual situation there is a gap between China and international in ability to construction project management, which affects the project management level in China. And the quality of project is an important indicator of project management, Therefore, reforming traditional project management model and improve the quality of quality have became import issue of construction enterprises. The construction industry is one of basic industries in our country, its normal operation related to the sustained development of the national economy directly. In recent years, with the development of market economy have been established
and perfected gradually in China, the construction industry has got an unprecedented improvement. Meanwhile, the rapid development has exposed many problems, the construction project quality, especially the residential construction quality, has became the focus of attention. Engineering projects as construction project products invests and consumes much manual lab, material and energy, construction project quality related to engineering applicability and safeties of lives and property of people. On the other hand, it’s related to the survival of enterprises, so the quality management on the top position is imperative.
Construction project item management is a one-time comprehensive management and control to optimizing the goal with target, goal and content based on specific construction projects. Its connotation is: from the project start to finish, reaching the goal of quality, rate of progress, cost and safety through the project planning and project control. In view of the construction project is disposable, in order to save investment, achieve the goal of energy-saving emission and construction target, and build construction products in accordance with the requirements, we construction personnel must be aware of the importance of project management in the construction process, and pay attention to reinforcing the following aspects in the construction project management in particular case. (I) Quality management
Quality is the life of enterprises and the fundamental guarantee for the development of enterprises. Today, construction market competition has more and more intense. How to improve the quality of the construction management level is
every enterprise managers need to think about. (i) Regime of quality supervision The quality management of the construction project can be summarized by the following words: set goals and clear the lines of responsibility; assign and put it into effect, explain in detail; contra posing the difficulty organizes research; set an example and explore experiences; tracking control and control strictly, do a good job of quality control and regular monitor of the quality of products. Establishing and improving the system of whole process quality monitoring, intervening and controlling project quality through scientific method, means and control mechanism to let the project quality always in a dynamic management.
① Establish the system of quality self-checking. The quality of project involves all aspects of society, and also reflects the level of enterprises management synthetically. In general, any construction project should accept supervision from the enterprises itself. Enterprises self-checking require any construction company establish a effective system of quality supervision, and through the run of this system to improve quality continuously.
② Quality supervision by the third-party. It means enterprises should
accept the supervision by owner, and the type of supervision is the most authoritative now. These two types of quality supervision in above work clearly, communicate closely and compose to the complete system of control construction project quality, so that enterprises can promise project quality achieve desired expect.
(ii) The supervision methods and means
As an administrative staff, controlling the quality of engineering
construction is the most important thing in locale management. Whether the quality of project is good or bad depends on the management level of inspector and the supervision.
① The site supervision in each process of construction operation should
found the problem on-site, point out and correct, use the methods measure honestly combined with overall look-and-feel.
② Call all on-site management personnel together to specify the
common problem in the construction process, have a in-depth knowledge to construction workers, and correct mistakes timely.
③ Write the book of quality control and guidance document. For those quality problems may occur or has occurred, we management personnel should do an introduction and countermeasures in detail, clear responsibility and claim related personnel correct on time.
(II) Schedule management Whether the project can be delivered within agreed timeframe have a direct influence on the development of project economic and social effect results benefit. The factor of human, technology, material, equipment, machine, foundation, funds, climate and environment all affect the process of project schedule. In order to do a good schedule management of project, we need solving the following problems focused.
① Establish the pattern and framework of project management. A successful project must have a successful management team and a standard work mode, operating procedures and business system.
② Establish a strict contract network system. A large project is a
community consists of many construction workers, so it needs a strict contract system to mobilize the enthusiasm of all people so that can avoid sabotage and wrangling each other.
③ Develop a practical project plan of three grades. This plan requires not only the work of construction organization, but also the work of owners, design company and supervision company, what’s more, we should take government which very relative to construction into consideration.
④ Determine the design company, sign the design contract and the
check and review of design quality and speed. Whether the project construction can be carried out smoothly depends on the quality of design.
⑤ The bids and evaluation of construction organization, the sign of
construction contract, including the choice between general contractor and sub-contractors, and sign the contract of support of material and equipment.
⑥ Handle government formalities in earlier stage project plan and
arrange the municipal auxiliary projects. Sufficient communication with government and good relationship are promise to successful project. (III) Cost control
The type of Construction project cost is divided into the budget
cost, plan cost and actual cost. Under the situation of construction cost meet schedule and quality, through the methods of origination, economics, technology and contracts to control the cost in the range of expect. To tighten the project cost management, we can undertake it in the following aspects:
① The enterprises should formulate the work quota, and those money should use according to engineering quantities, and we should calculate the total quantities of manmade. We can control the manmade cost as long as control the manmade quantities so that control the project cost.
② Strengthen material management, establish the system of limits of material requisition, manage the material out of storage strictly, lump sum to those material cost much in site.
③ Improve the utilization rate of equipment and materials. Check on,
repair and maintain the construction machine regularly, rented equipment and material should return to rent company on time to speed up the construction period and reduce the rent cost.
④ Choose a correct construction scheme is the key to shorten the
construction period, improve quality and reduce the cost, in the process of construction, we should try our best to search new techniques, new technology, new materials to r educe costs, improve efficiency.
⑤ Be strict in construction: construction in line with the drawings and the standard, be strict in quality to ensure project quality, reduce the waste of labor and material caused by rework.
⑥ Streamline the management mechanism, reduce the level of management to save the construction management fees. (IV) Security management
Safety production management of construction projects –organize all activities of production safety, through the control of production factors to reduce or eliminate unsafe behavior and state, does not cause the accident, so as to the normal operation of construction project.
① Adhere to principle of security management. Safety and production are synchronous so that if control the production safety also should be controlled, safety contain in the production, what ’s more, promote and promise the production. Safe working is common thing of anyone relative with production rather than only relative with minority and security mechanism, lack of full participation, security
not obvious.
② Adhere to control the unsafe behaviors of human and unsafe states of things. From the analysis of the causes of the accident, we can get that human, things and environment is the fundamental reason of accident. From the human and things management sides to analyze accident, unsafe human behaviors and unsafe things states are both fundamental reason of accident.
③ Establish safety management measures. Strengthen the safety management of construction engineering, formulate practical safety management system and measures are very important. According to the production management does not have vitality, and effect is
characteristics of construction engineering , formulate the detailed project safety risk prediction and the corresponding guarantee measure and decompose the project risk, implement the safety responsibility to every apartment, every team and everyone to easier management.
To sum up, the construction project management is a systematic
project which includes risk, investment, contract, schedule, quality, personnel and other aspects of the work, and relates to the and design, other supervision, construction, equipment, materials, operations
departments and units. Therefore, only all sides cooperate positively and cogent strengthen construction engineering management of quality, cost, schedule and security so that construction engineering project can be carried out smoothly and create a good economic benefits for the enterprise.