电化学原理_第三版_李荻_课后答案

1K

F K KCl V i E V i K H 2O V H K H 2O .0101

142.31061cm 20. 0288cm s

550. 62

V K 0. 0050cm s V Cl 0. 0051cm s 1 3,

H 2

O , KOH , HCl , KCl cm 2eq 1, c

42c H c O H , , t t

1, 1,Na 1.00476.3315.5101cm 11, Cl t Cl , KCl cm 2mol (KCl

,Cl ,K 73.49cm 2mol

, K 50.141cm 2mol , Cl cm 2mol 1(NaCl12

KCl

3

5NaCl , Cl 142. 82cm 2mol , Na a 126. 45cm 2mol 1 , Cl u o , i , C l /F , u o , C l 7. 91104cm m /o , K c Cu 2=y

10cm 2/vs , , N a 5. 2010cm 2/vs Cu(OH)2== Cu2++2OH-, c OH S =4y3y=1.3610-4mol/dm3u=u i =KH2O+10-3[y2++2y-]

Ks=4y3=1.006

610-11 (mol/dm3) 3 AgIO 3==Ag +IO 3

Ag =y c IO =y3K S =y2K= K i =K H 2O +10y +y 3 =K H 2O +10y 3AgIO 3

7, HCl 31. 74104mol /L ; =390.7

_K S = y2=3.03108(mol /L ) 2 , HAc , HAc =+, NaAc -, NaCl cm 2eq 1=9.021cm 2eq /

8=0.023K =2/(1) V =1.6910 0. 79V l il il [1**********]3

IR=iS=, K=, IR==KS K 10001260. 5

log =-0.5115|Z ||Z |25C 9

11210 =0.9740=0.9101 3 1I=241m i z i ,I=22c i z i 2m =m m =0.6487=0.8114 0.2090. 4=1.08

a H =m H pH=-loga H =-log1

Sb 2O 36H 6e 2Sb 3H 2O 3H 26H 6e Sb 2O 33H 22Sb 3H 2O

2H 2O E E 02 2C Sn 2C Fe 30.05910.001(0.01)2log =0.771-0.15+=0.6505V 2220.01(0.001)C Sn 4C Fe 2

Ag

E E 0Ag (0.1m ) e a Ag (1m ) a Ag (0.1m )

0.4V Ag (1m ) e E 00.1m AgNO 3 Ag Ag (1m ) Ag (0.1m ) 1m AgNO 3

30.72V E 2.3RT 10.4log F 0.10.720.044V Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (m ) |Cl 2(P Cl 2), Pt

2Hg Cl Hg 2Cl 22e Cl 22e 2Cl

2Hg Cl 2Hg 2Cl 2

&copyright&

2P Cl 2a Hg a Hg 2Cl 2 E E E 0E 000E 1.35950.26811.0914V (25O C) a Cl E E

Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (a H 00a Cl E 41) AgNO 3(m ) Ag 2Ag

2.3RT log(m Ag F )

Ag Ag H 2E 2H 2e 2Ag 0Ag Ag 2e E H 22Ag 2H 2A g Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (

:Pt , H 2

(1atm ) |0

Pb Pb 2) AgNO 3(m ) Ag E 2.3RT log(m Ag F , ) E 2.3RT log(2F

:Pt , H 2(1atm ) |0

Fe 3H Fe 2+ E 2.3RT log(F

5Zn ZnSO 4(m ), Pb PbCl 2(s ), 6Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (0 2.3RT log a Cl F E

70.22240.0591log(0.790.1) 0.2876V E a

a 2.3RT 1log " F a Cl 2.3RT 1log ' F a Cl a Cl ) a ' a Cl 2.3RT log " F a Cl a " =0.01ma ' =0.1m a Cl ) 0.10.780.078,(a

) 0.010.9040.00904,(a E b

E b 2E a (2t

E a 1) 2.3RT log(F ) (20.3891) 0.0591log 0.046V E b E a 0.01V 0.0780.009040.0123V 0.0591V , E b

8

Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HI (a 1) |I 2(s ), Pt

H 2

E E E 00, 0

E 02H 2e I 22e E 02I E 0 H 2I 22H I (3525) 0.5333V 2.3RT log(a HI ) 22F 0.53460.1310nFE 0K RT ln K ln K

E 2965000.533340.19102.9kJ K

K 2.861017 5.35108 00

Hg 2Cl 22e 51.5kJ 9 H 22H 2e , 2Hg Cl , H 2Hg 2Cl 22Hg 2Cl 2H

a Cl e

AgCl e 2Cl 2e Hg Cl Ag 2Cl 2AgCl Hg Ag Cl

nFE nFT

Zn 965000.04554.391kJ mol 1965002980.338105.329kJ mol 12nFT 1965002980.33810332.617J mol K Cu Zn Cu 2Cu Zn 2 Zn 22e Cu 22e

Qp nFE nFT

2965001.101296500

189.8kJ mol

E 0nFT 277.2J mol K a Cu 21K Cu 2F 0

0nFE E ,log K Cu 203RT ln K 02e 10a Zn 221.10137.262.3RT 0.00581Cu 0207.951037e 2Cu 0

000.337V 000.520V F 0.33720.5200.154V

22H 2O (g ) 2p H O 22p H 2p O 2V

2022a H log p H 2O ) 0.544) 2log 76021.16V E 21.160.061.22V

Zn 2Cu 2H

Zn 20Zn 2

Cu 2Cu 2a Zn 2a Cu 20.39) V 0.41) 0.27V 0.30V

Zn

H 2.3RT log a H F 0.0591(5) Cu H 2

Zn

0.83

C Cu 2i a Cu 2400log

a Cu 2402(0.830.337) 0.059139.49a Cu 23.24103.24100.41Pb 7.9102e mol L 2F PbF 2Pb 2F PbF 22e Pb 2Pb 2

00log Ks Ks 00) 0.35020.1263) Zn 22e Hg 2Cl 2

2e 2Hg 2Cl 7.58Hg 2Cl 2Ks Zn 2.63102Hg 2Cl Zn Zn 2

E b ,1

a t 2F 20.7044,1

t

H t HCl 0.704483.859.03c m 2eq Cl (1t ) HCl 24.771cm 2eq

a a A b b B 1902.3RT mpH nF

0.0591141.33pH 6

0a a A b b B a Cr O 2223a Cr 30.2681log a HCdO

pH 1.330.138pH 0.00985log a Cr O 223a 2Cr 3 0.05912log a Cl 220.26810.0591log a Cl lo g a HCdO log a OH log K log a Cd OH pH log a OH log a H 2O 2log K log K 214log a OH 14log a HCdO

pH 7.68

3H

1068.7Fe 2pH 3H 2O 14.53Fe OH 2Fe OH e a i

Zn 22e

2Zn 2H Zn 2

Zn OH

2H

2e 2e 20.94V 2H 2O pH 11.892pH 2pH 0.7630.0295log a Zn 210.96log a Zn 229.78log a Zn 2Zn OH 2ZnO 22H 2Zn n OH ZnO nO 22Zn 2H 2Zn 2H 20.4370.0591pH 0.440.118pH 0.0296log a ZnO 224H 0.2630.118pH

1.5V

Zn

1.0V 8.48pH 11.89 1.00.5pH 11.89

0.0a

-0.5

-1.0

-1.5 0

2468101214

1E d

d q 0r :08.851012, E 2105108.8510405.6108V m 2V

0.4130.392

0.20.4q C C

q 36-0.2~-0.40.13J

mV 0.13C m 24.79cm 2C 0.63q

Cl

Cd Cd Cl

q

q 0

5

7 Cd dq

d

2323q 1b

q 2121b 2b b b

q 1q 2

2

213

b

;

b

q 2

b , C 1b 22

3

q 1

q 2

q

1

b C

8

q c

0.0591

0.222c c

0.0010.1q c Z

ShZ

Z q 2.64810

0.001mol L Sh

1

q 2.64810

1

37.764

2.3log 75.54.325

37.764c

ln 0.1038V 0.37V

0.222V

0.1mol L Cd ~

9

NaCl

NaCl

~0.27V

Cl

Cl

10

1

Cu 2

H

e

2e Cu

1H 22

c

T T

25o C 25o C

a Cu 2

c

0.13V

0.130

0.23

a

2.3RT

log a H

F

23

00.0591log 20.1300.28V

0.28V

2H

2e

H 2

log a H

6.5

c

H ,

0.0591log a H

1.230.846V

Zn 2

,

2e Zn Zn

H

2

Zn 2

2e

0.817V

a Zn 2

2H

2e

0.10.15V 1.135

0.318V

5

j 1j 2j 1nFv 1

nfKc j 2nFv 2

nFKc 81%

1

11

0.193j 20.193j 118.62

6

j

j 193m 2

nFv 296500110

193m 2

j nFv

2965000.2548250m 2

j

j

7

j

j

193m 2

j

j j

[1**********]57m 2

v 1

Kc

v 2

Kc W 1

v 2v 1

v 2W

21000

v 1

W 1W 2RT ln v 2v 1

ln1038.3129817106J mol

17106J mol

8

0m Zn 2

0.3310.7V 0.77

a

j d 1

34

j d 3c 0

j d 1j d 2

3

j d

nFD

5Cd 2

j c

0.5

0.0462

t Cd 2

j c

12

5

j nFD dc dx

x 2965000.510log 810

0.077cm 2

1.94

1

j j d

0.0115

c s

c 0

20.01150.023mol L

102s

s c O 0c O

j d

nFD

8.67102mol L

c 0

0.12

4

9

3

0.2895cm 2

0.0591213

0.132V

j

0.2cm 2

0.142V

10

j

0s

96500610

5

710

2

0.405

A cm 2

1.29102cm

c s

c 0

1101

log 1

0.1mol L

2

0.7

14

j a

j 0

j a

j 024

3

NaCN Zn CN

j 1

4

(

W j 0

)

Ni 2

2e

Ni Tafel

j c

j 0j 2100.040.424V

2

a Cu 2

a Cu 2

0.116mol L 0.3448V 0.06mol L

j 0log j 0

j c log 10

9

log j c

0.473

j c

2.97cm 2

7

c

j

j 2.3RT j

log 0

j c F log j 0

9

0.94

log j c

15

8.99

j c

9.8108cm 2

j c

8

j

j c

j 0

TAFEL

c

j d j d

j

j a

0.0591log1log 100.532V E

V j

0.832V

V E

IR 1.7650.8320.5320.40.001V

j 0

a

12.83cm 2

a

j 0j 0j

TAFEL

10

log j

1.185V a 1.185V

0.20

tg

b tg log j 0

a b

0.289

2.3RT bF j 07.941052

1

H

2.3RT

log a H

F

0.0581log 0.520.154

16

0.4790.432V 0.154

log j

2

H

j

j 0.016cm 2

H

H

c H H

ln c H 3

30.128V

pH 5pH 0.128V

pH

3

pH

pH

5

H

e

1H 22

c 25O C

3

j 1510

cm 22.3RT F

5103

log 10

4

0.201V

s s

a OH a H

s a H 2O

0.5

B

FKc OH j B

j 5

j

B

b

4.6RT 3F

j TAFEL

25O C b 0.118V

j 0

3.3910cm 2

log j 0

a b

c

0.7

5.47

0.128a H a b log j 0.375V

17

1K

F K KCl V i E V i K H 2O V H K H 2O .0101

142.31061cm 20. 0288cm s

550. 62

V K 0. 0050cm s V Cl 0. 0051cm s 1 3,

H 2

O , KOH , HCl , KCl cm 2eq 1, c

42c H c O H , , t t

1, 1,Na 1.00476.3315.5101cm 11, Cl t Cl , KCl cm 2mol (KCl

,Cl ,K 73.49cm 2mol

, K 50.141cm 2mol , Cl cm 2mol 1(NaCl12

KCl

3

5NaCl , Cl 142. 82cm 2mol , Na a 126. 45cm 2mol 1 , Cl u o , i , C l /F , u o , C l 7. 91104cm m /o , K c Cu 2=y

10cm 2/vs , , N a 5. 2010cm 2/vs Cu(OH)2== Cu2++2OH-, c OH S =4y3y=1.3610-4mol/dm3u=u i =KH2O+10-3[y2++2y-]

Ks=4y3=1.006

610-11 (mol/dm3) 3 AgIO 3==Ag +IO 3

Ag =y c IO =y3K S =y2K= K i =K H 2O +10y +y 3 =K H 2O +10y 3AgIO 3

7, HCl 31. 74104mol /L ; =390.7

_K S = y2=3.03108(mol /L ) 2 , HAc , HAc =+, NaAc -, NaCl cm 2eq 1=9.021cm 2eq /

8=0.023K =2/(1) V =1.6910 0. 79V l il il [1**********]3

IR=iS=, K=, IR==KS K 10001260. 5

log =-0.5115|Z ||Z |25C 9

11210 =0.9740=0.9101 3 1I=241m i z i ,I=22c i z i 2m =m m =0.6487=0.8114 0.2090. 4=1.08

a H =m H pH=-loga H =-log1

Sb 2O 36H 6e 2Sb 3H 2O 3H 26H 6e Sb 2O 33H 22Sb 3H 2O

2H 2O E E 02 2C Sn 2C Fe 30.05910.001(0.01)2log =0.771-0.15+=0.6505V 2220.01(0.001)C Sn 4C Fe 2

Ag

E E 0Ag (0.1m ) e a Ag (1m ) a Ag (0.1m )

0.4V Ag (1m ) e E 00.1m AgNO 3 Ag Ag (1m ) Ag (0.1m ) 1m AgNO 3

30.72V E 2.3RT 10.4log F 0.10.720.044V Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (m ) |Cl 2(P Cl 2), Pt

2Hg Cl Hg 2Cl 22e Cl 22e 2Cl

2Hg Cl 2Hg 2Cl 2

&copyright&

2P Cl 2a Hg a Hg 2Cl 2 E E E 0E 000E 1.35950.26811.0914V (25O C) a Cl E E

Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (a H 00a Cl E 41) AgNO 3(m ) Ag 2Ag

2.3RT log(m Ag F )

Ag Ag H 2E 2H 2e 2Ag 0Ag Ag 2e E H 22Ag 2H 2A g Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (

:Pt , H 2

(1atm ) |0

Pb Pb 2) AgNO 3(m ) Ag E 2.3RT log(m Ag F , ) E 2.3RT log(2F

:Pt , H 2(1atm ) |0

Fe 3H Fe 2+ E 2.3RT log(F

5Zn ZnSO 4(m ), Pb PbCl 2(s ), 6Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (0 2.3RT log a Cl F E

70.22240.0591log(0.790.1) 0.2876V E a

a 2.3RT 1log " F a Cl 2.3RT 1log ' F a Cl a Cl ) a ' a Cl 2.3RT log " F a Cl a " =0.01ma ' =0.1m a Cl ) 0.10.780.078,(a

) 0.010.9040.00904,(a E b

E b 2E a (2t

E a 1) 2.3RT log(F ) (20.3891) 0.0591log 0.046V E b E a 0.01V 0.0780.009040.0123V 0.0591V , E b

8

Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HI (a 1) |I 2(s ), Pt

H 2

E E E 00, 0

E 02H 2e I 22e E 02I E 0 H 2I 22H I (3525) 0.5333V 2.3RT log(a HI ) 22F 0.53460.1310nFE 0K RT ln K ln K

E 2965000.533340.19102.9kJ K

K 2.861017 5.35108 00

Hg 2Cl 22e 51.5kJ 9 H 22H 2e , 2Hg Cl , H 2Hg 2Cl 22Hg 2Cl 2H

a Cl e

AgCl e 2Cl 2e Hg Cl Ag 2Cl 2AgCl Hg Ag Cl

nFE nFT

Zn 965000.04554.391kJ mol 1965002980.338105.329kJ mol 12nFT 1965002980.33810332.617J mol K Cu Zn Cu 2Cu Zn 2 Zn 22e Cu 22e

Qp nFE nFT

2965001.101296500

189.8kJ mol

E 0nFT 277.2J mol K a Cu 21K Cu 2F 0

0nFE E ,log K Cu 203RT ln K 02e 10a Zn 221.10137.262.3RT 0.00581Cu 0207.951037e 2Cu 0

000.337V 000.520V F 0.33720.5200.154V

22H 2O (g ) 2p H O 22p H 2p O 2V

2022a H log p H 2O ) 0.544) 2log 76021.16V E 21.160.061.22V

Zn 2Cu 2H

Zn 20Zn 2

Cu 2Cu 2a Zn 2a Cu 20.39) V 0.41) 0.27V 0.30V

Zn

H 2.3RT log a H F 0.0591(5) Cu H 2

Zn

0.83

C Cu 2i a Cu 2400log

a Cu 2402(0.830.337) 0.059139.49a Cu 23.24103.24100.41Pb 7.9102e mol L 2F PbF 2Pb 2F PbF 22e Pb 2Pb 2

00log Ks Ks 00) 0.35020.1263) Zn 22e Hg 2Cl 2

2e 2Hg 2Cl 7.58Hg 2Cl 2Ks Zn 2.63102Hg 2Cl Zn Zn 2

E b ,1

a t 2F 20.7044,1

t

H t HCl 0.704483.859.03c m 2eq Cl (1t ) HCl 24.771cm 2eq

a a A b b B 1902.3RT mpH nF

0.0591141.33pH 6

0a a A b b B a Cr O 2223a Cr 30.2681log a HCdO

pH 1.330.138pH 0.00985log a Cr O 223a 2Cr 3 0.05912log a Cl 220.26810.0591log a Cl lo g a HCdO log a OH log K log a Cd OH pH log a OH log a H 2O 2log K log K 214log a OH 14log a HCdO

pH 7.68

3H

1068.7Fe 2pH 3H 2O 14.53Fe OH 2Fe OH e a i

Zn 22e

2Zn 2H Zn 2

Zn OH

2H

2e 2e 20.94V 2H 2O pH 11.892pH 2pH 0.7630.0295log a Zn 210.96log a Zn 229.78log a Zn 2Zn OH 2ZnO 22H 2Zn n OH ZnO nO 22Zn 2H 2Zn 2H 20.4370.0591pH 0.440.118pH 0.0296log a ZnO 224H 0.2630.118pH

1.5V

Zn

1.0V 8.48pH 11.89 1.00.5pH 11.89

0.0a

-0.5

-1.0

-1.5 0

2468101214

1E d

d q 0r :08.851012, E 2105108.8510405.6108V m 2V

0.4130.392

0.20.4q C C

q 36-0.2~-0.40.13J

mV 0.13C m 24.79cm 2C 0.63q

Cl

Cd Cd Cl

q

q 0

5

7 Cd dq

d

2323q 1b

q 2121b 2b b b

q 1q 2

2

213

b

;

b

q 2

b , C 1b 22

3

q 1

q 2

q

1

b C

8

q c

0.0591

0.222c c

0.0010.1q c Z

ShZ

Z q 2.64810

0.001mol L Sh

1

q 2.64810

1

37.764

2.3log 75.54.325

37.764c

ln 0.1038V 0.37V

0.222V

0.1mol L Cd ~

9

NaCl

NaCl

~0.27V

Cl

Cl

10

1

Cu 2

H

e

2e Cu

1H 22

c

T T

25o C 25o C

a Cu 2

c

0.13V

0.130

0.23

a

2.3RT

log a H

F

23

00.0591log 20.1300.28V

0.28V

2H

2e

H 2

log a H

6.5

c

H ,

0.0591log a H

1.230.846V

Zn 2

,

2e Zn Zn

H

2

Zn 2

2e

0.817V

a Zn 2

2H

2e

0.10.15V 1.135

0.318V

5

j 1j 2j 1nFv 1

nfKc j 2nFv 2

nFKc 81%

1

11

0.193j 20.193j 118.62

6

j

j 193m 2

nFv 296500110

193m 2

j nFv

2965000.2548250m 2

j

j

7

j

j

193m 2

j

j j

[1**********]57m 2

v 1

Kc

v 2

Kc W 1

v 2v 1

v 2W

21000

v 1

W 1W 2RT ln v 2v 1

ln1038.3129817106J mol

17106J mol

8

0m Zn 2

0.3310.7V 0.77

a

j d 1

34

j d 3c 0

j d 1j d 2

3

j d

nFD

5Cd 2

j c

0.5

0.0462

t Cd 2

j c

12

5

j nFD dc dx

x 2965000.510log 810

0.077cm 2

1.94

1

j j d

0.0115

c s

c 0

20.01150.023mol L

102s

s c O 0c O

j d

nFD

8.67102mol L

c 0

0.12

4

9

3

0.2895cm 2

0.0591213

0.132V

j

0.2cm 2

0.142V

10

j

0s

96500610

5

710

2

0.405

A cm 2

1.29102cm

c s

c 0

1101

log 1

0.1mol L

2

0.7

14

j a

j 0

j a

j 024

3

NaCN Zn CN

j 1

4

(

W j 0

)

Ni 2

2e

Ni Tafel

j c

j 0j 2100.040.424V

2

a Cu 2

a Cu 2

0.116mol L 0.3448V 0.06mol L

j 0log j 0

j c log 10

9

log j c

0.473

j c

2.97cm 2

7

c

j

j 2.3RT j

log 0

j c F log j 0

9

0.94

log j c

15

8.99

j c

9.8108cm 2

j c

8

j

j c

j 0

TAFEL

c

j d j d

j

j a

0.0591log1log 100.532V E

V j

0.832V

V E

IR 1.7650.8320.5320.40.001V

j 0

a

12.83cm 2

a

j 0j 0j

TAFEL

10

log j

1.185V a 1.185V

0.20

tg

b tg log j 0

a b

0.289

2.3RT bF j 07.941052

1

H

2.3RT

log a H

F

0.0581log 0.520.154

16

0.4790.432V 0.154

log j

2

H

j

j 0.016cm 2

H

H

c H H

ln c H 3

30.128V

pH 5pH 0.128V

pH

3

pH

pH

5

H

e

1H 22

c 25O C

3

j 1510

cm 22.3RT F

5103

log 10

4

0.201V

s s

a OH a H

s a H 2O

0.5

B

FKc OH j B

j 5

j

B

b

4.6RT 3F

j TAFEL

25O C b 0.118V

j 0

3.3910cm 2

log j 0

a b

c

0.7

5.47

0.128a H a b log j 0.375V

17