合成词的分析
英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,他们叫做合成词,常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。
1. 合成名词
名词+名词: football足球
名词+动词: snowfall 下雪
名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马
名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳
动词-ing +名词: waiting-room候车室
形容词+名词: greenhouse温室
副词+名词: income收入
介词+名词: afternoon下午
过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人
以上合成一起变成名词。
2. 合成动词
名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却
形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电
以上合成一起变成动词。
3. 合成形容词
名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的
名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的
名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的
动词+副词: takeaway外卖的
形容词+名词: long-distance长途的
形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的
形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的
副词+动词-ing : hard-working勤劳的
副词+过去分词: well-known著名的
数词+名词: first-class头等的
数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的
介词+名词: indoor 室内的
理解这里的三句话:
Australia is a country which speaks English. (country 由定语从句修饰) 澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。
Australia is a country speaking English.
(country 由现在分词短语修饰)
Australia is an English-speaking country.
(country 由名词加动词构成的形容词)
熟记常见的由合成词组成的短语:
record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破记录的毁坏 peace-loving people= people who love peace爱好和平的
good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士 hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦读书的学生
far-reaching influence=influence which reaches far广泛深远的影响 easygoing person=person who goes easy 随和容易相处的人
well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子
state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state
国有企业
hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品
fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast
高速发展的产业
highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly
高度发达的国家
newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly
刚刚抵达的参观者
well-known university=university which is known very well
著名的大学
ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready to be used
做好的, 现成的衣服
snow-covered fields=fields which are covered by snow
白雪覆盖的田野
newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飞机场 从以上例子可以看出,要了解和掌握含有分词的复合形容词,首先必须了解正确使用及物动词的现在分词和过去分词的关键:
① 准确了解及物动词的分词与所修饰的名词关系,修饰动作发出者用现在分词表示主动,修饰动作承受者用过去分词表示被动。
② 准确了解不及物动词的所用时态,用现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行,用过去分词表示动作业已完成。
再看v.-ing 加名词的关系
sleeping- pills安眠药 = pills which are for sleeping
waiting-room 候车/诊室; = room which is used for waiting reading-room 阅览室 = room which is used for reading
名词+v-ed的复合形容词
a warm-hearted man=a man with a warm heart 一个热心肠的人 cold-blooded animals=animals with cold blood 冷血动物 a long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一个长发女孩儿
a right-minded person=a person with right mind 有正义感的人 a left-handed person=a person who is used to the left hand
惯用左手的人
a three-legged chair=a chair with three legs. 一把三条腿的椅子
合成词的分析
英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,他们叫做合成词,常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。
1. 合成名词
名词+名词: football足球
名词+动词: snowfall 下雪
名词+动词-ing : horse-riding骑马
名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳
动词-ing +名词: waiting-room候车室
形容词+名词: greenhouse温室
副词+名词: income收入
介词+名词: afternoon下午
过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人
以上合成一起变成名词。
2. 合成动词
名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却
形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电
以上合成一起变成动词。
3. 合成形容词
名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的
名词+动词-ing : peace-loving热爱和平的
名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的
动词+副词: takeaway外卖的
形容词+名词: long-distance长途的
形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的
形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的
副词+动词-ing : hard-working勤劳的
副词+过去分词: well-known著名的
数词+名词: first-class头等的
数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的
介词+名词: indoor 室内的
理解这里的三句话:
Australia is a country which speaks English. (country 由定语从句修饰) 澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。
Australia is a country speaking English.
(country 由现在分词短语修饰)
Australia is an English-speaking country.
(country 由名词加动词构成的形容词)
熟记常见的由合成词组成的短语:
record-breaking destroy=destroy which breaks record 破记录的毁坏 peace-loving people= people who love peace爱好和平的
good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 仪表堂堂的男士 hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦读书的学生
far-reaching influence=influence which reaches far广泛深远的影响 easygoing person=person who goes easy 随和容易相处的人
well-being children=children who are well 健康的孩子
state-owned enterprises=enterprises which are owned by state
国有企业
hand-made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品
fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast
高速发展的产业
highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly
高度发达的国家
newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly
刚刚抵达的参观者
well-known university=university which is known very well
著名的大学
ready-made clothes=clothes which are made and ready to be used
做好的, 现成的衣服
snow-covered fields=fields which are covered by snow
白雪覆盖的田野
newly-built airport=airport which is built newly新建的飞机场 从以上例子可以看出,要了解和掌握含有分词的复合形容词,首先必须了解正确使用及物动词的现在分词和过去分词的关键:
① 准确了解及物动词的分词与所修饰的名词关系,修饰动作发出者用现在分词表示主动,修饰动作承受者用过去分词表示被动。
② 准确了解不及物动词的所用时态,用现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行,用过去分词表示动作业已完成。
再看v.-ing 加名词的关系
sleeping- pills安眠药 = pills which are for sleeping
waiting-room 候车/诊室; = room which is used for waiting reading-room 阅览室 = room which is used for reading
名词+v-ed的复合形容词
a warm-hearted man=a man with a warm heart 一个热心肠的人 cold-blooded animals=animals with cold blood 冷血动物 a long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一个长发女孩儿
a right-minded person=a person with right mind 有正义感的人 a left-handed person=a person who is used to the left hand
惯用左手的人
a three-legged chair=a chair with three legs. 一把三条腿的椅子