初中宾语从句讲解
2013-09-23 10:02 作者： 来源：互联网 字号：T|T 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2.连接词
1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如：
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我们是去还是留。 ②在介词之后用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。 The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。 ⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为：
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。 b.If you like the book，please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3.时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
4.注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry，I don't know.When he comes back，I'll tell you.对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨，他会来的。 以上就是小编和大家分享的该从句的讲解，其中对于该从句的时态，连词和使用的注意事项都做出了详细的讲解，并且还给大家列举了一些例子，在这样具体的语境下，大家对于该从也能更好的理解。
相信通过以上初中宾语从句讲解，大家对于该从句都有所了解了，几乎每年的中考单选题中都会出现对这一语法的考察，由此大家也可以看出它的重要性，所以大家在了解的基础上一定要结合相关的练习题去练习，这样才能更好的掌握它的用法。
1.Can you see________?
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what
2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
3._What did your son say in the letter?
_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
A.will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit
4.He didn’t know__________
A.what’s the matter B.what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
5.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
A.who were they B. who they were
C. who was it D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
A.what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
A.that B.whose C .who D.which
8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
B.How many persons have died in Iraq C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
一、选择填空。
（ ）1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
（ ）2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
（ ）3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost
C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car （ ）4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris
（ ）5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
（ ）6. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
（ ）7. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
A. why she left B. why did she leave
C. why she had left D. why had she left
（ ）8. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got （ ）9. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
（ ）10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. how it happened D. how did it happen
二、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1. “These flowers are from Guangdong.” Tom said.
Tom said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2. “Light travels faster than sound.” My teacher told Mark.
My teacher told Mark _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3. “There will be a meeting in five days.” Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
4. “Can they speak French?” I want to know.
I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5. “Are the children playing games?” Tell me.
Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6. “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia.
Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.
7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9. “What does he often talk about?” Nancy wondered.
Nancy wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today? （who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. （if, whether）
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. （whether, if）
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. （where, what）
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. （how, why）
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? （why, what）
四、句型转换。
1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.（同义句）
→ Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.
2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句）
→ I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句）
→ Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.
4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）
→ I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______? （改为反意疑问句）
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he ________（go）to school tomorrow.
2. Do you know who ______（be）the first man to walk on the moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office ______（is）?
4. Our father said that he _______（will）buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he _______（swim）in the sea yesterday.
6. The little boy tells us where his father _______（work）.
7. He said that he _________（finish）his work already.
8. They thought they could _______（hike）to the top of the mountain.
9. He was glad that so many people _____（help）him.
10. She doesn’t know whether ________（go）or wait.
初中宾语从句讲解
2013-09-23 10:02 作者： 来源：互联网 字号：T|T 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗? The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如：
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2.连接词
1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如：
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whether or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know whether /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder whether we stay or whether wego.我不知道我们是去还是留。 ②在介词之后用whether。如：
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如：
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：
Whether this is true or not，I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。 The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。 ⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为：
a.Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。 b.If you like the book，please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3.时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
4.注意：
if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry，I don't know.When he comes back，I'll tell you.对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨，他会来的。 以上就是小编和大家分享的该从句的讲解，其中对于该从句的时态，连词和使用的注意事项都做出了详细的讲解，并且还给大家列举了一些例子，在这样具体的语境下，大家对于该从也能更好的理解。
相信通过以上初中宾语从句讲解，大家对于该从句都有所了解了，几乎每年的中考单选题中都会出现对这一语法的考察，由此大家也可以看出它的重要性，所以大家在了解的基础上一定要结合相关的练习题去练习，这样才能更好的掌握它的用法。
1.Can you see________?
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what
2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
3._What did your son say in the letter?
_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
A.will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit
4.He didn’t know__________
A.what’s the matter B.what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
5.Somebody called you just now,but I didn’t know____
A.who were they B. who they were
C. who was it D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
A.what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
A.that B.whose C .who D.which
8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
B.How many persons have died in Iraq C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
C.How to protect our environment
D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
一、选择填空。
（ ）1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
（ ）2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
（ ）3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost
C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car （ ）4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris
（ ）5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
（ ）6. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
（ ）7. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
A. why she left B. why did she leave
C. why she had left D. why had she left
（ ）8. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got （ ）9. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
（ ）10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. how it happened D. how did it happen
二、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1. “These flowers are from Guangdong.” Tom said.
Tom said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2. “Light travels faster than sound.” My teacher told Mark.
My teacher told Mark _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3. “There will be a meeting in five days.” Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
4. “Can they speak French?” I want to know.
I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5. “Are the children playing games?” Tell me.
Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6. “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia.
Mr. Guo asked Sun Jia ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.
7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8. Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9. “What does he often talk about?” Nancy wondered.
Nancy wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today? （who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. （if, whether）
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. （whether, if）
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. （where, what）
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. （how, why）
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? （why, what）
四、句型转换。
1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.（同义句）
→ Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.
2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句）
→ I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句）
→ Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.
4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）
→ I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______? （改为反意疑问句）
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he ________（go）to school tomorrow.
2. Do you know who ______（be）the first man to walk on the moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office ______（is）?
4. Our father said that he _______（will）buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he _______（swim）in the sea yesterday.
6. The little boy tells us where his father _______（work）.
7. He said that he _________（finish）his work already.
8. They thought they could _______（hike）to the top of the mountain.
9. He was glad that so many people _____（help）him.
10. She doesn’t know whether ________（go）or wait.