常用医嘱术语[Medical orders] （1）医嘱术语[medical orders] ·Admit/transfer to[收入（转入）] ·Resident/attending[住院（主诊）医师] ·condition[病情] ▲critical (Imminence)[病危] ▲unstable[不稳定] ▲stable[稳定] ▲general (fair) [一般] ·emergent[急诊] ·Diagnosis[诊断] ·Diet[饮食] ▲full (home) diet[普食] ▲liquid (semi-liquid) diet[流汁（半流汁）饮食] ▲soft diet[软食] ▲low salt and low fat diet[低盐低脂饮食] ▲salt-free diet[无盐饮食] ▲low purine diet[低嘌呤饮食] ▲low (non)-residue diet[少（无）渣饮食] ▲light diet [清淡饮食] ▲high caloric diet[高热量饮食] ▲high protein (protein-rich) diet[高蛋白饮食]
▲diabetic diet[糖尿病饮食]
▲nephritic diet[肾炎饮食]
▲nasal feeding[鼻饲]
▲fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)[禁食]
▲NPO for 5 hours[禁食5小时]
▲meal standard[伙食标准]
·activity[活动]
▲absolute rest[绝对卧床休息]
▲stay on the bed (yest in bed)[卧床休息]
▲Ad lib[随意活动]
▲In the ward [病房内活动]
·vital signs[生命体征]
·Q shift (q.6h)[每班（每6小时）一次]
·immoblization[制动]
·pressed by sand bag [沙袋压迫]
·I/O (intake and output)[记出入量]
·N/A (non-apply)[不需要]
·parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor [其他：心电图
（血压，氧饱和度）监
护]
·allergies[过敏]
·NKA (non-known allergies)[无已知的过敏反应]
·patient identification [病人身份]
·4th floor,room 5 ,bed 2(405-2)[4楼5号房2床]
·Med. Rec#[病历号]
·medical orders[医嘱]
·on general routine[护理常规]
·on grade I (II, III) nuring care[I （I、III）
级护理]
·morning (evening) care[晨间（夜间）护理]
·bedsore care[褥疮护理]
·mouth (oral) care[口腔护理]
·CPT( chest physical treatment) [胸部物理治疗]
·O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)[吸氧（2-4升/分）]
·alcohol sponge bath[酒精擦浴]
·cold (hot) compress[冷（热）敷]
·wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4[用硫酸镁
湿敷]
·change position × qh[每小时更换一次体位]
·gastric lavage with water[用清水洗胃]
·bladder irrigation [膀胱冲洗]
·under water seal drainage of thorax[胸腔水封
瓶引流]
·GI decompression [胃肠减压]
·keep warm[保温]
·lower temperature by ice-cap[冰帽降温]
·keep bowels open[保持大便通畅]
·keep the airway open[保持气道通畅]
·retention catheterization[留置导尿]
·prevent from bedsore[预防褥疮]
·on bedside isolation[床边隔离]
·P.P sitz bath[高锰酸钾液坐浴]
·raising the head (foot) of the bed[抬高床头
（尾）]
·pencillin (procaine, iodine) skin test[青霉素
（普鲁卡因，碘）皮试]
·intubate and ventilator support[气管插管及呼
吸机支持]
·cleaning (retention) enama[清洁（保留）灌肠]
·soapsuds (saline) enama[肥皂水（盐水）灌肠]
·intradermal injection[皮内注射]
·subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection [皮下注
射]
·intramuscular injection( i.m)[肌肉注射]
·intravenous injection(i.v)[静脉注射]
·intravenous drip(ivgtt)[静脉滴入]
·stool OB [大便隐血]
·stool ova count[大便虫卵计数]
·uric acid [尿酸]
·uric (serum) amylase [尿（血）淀粉酶]
·urine K+ (Na+)[尿钾（钠）测定]
·pregnance test[妊娠试验]
·urine Bence-Jone protein [尿本-周氏蛋白]
·urinary protein electrophoresis[尿蛋白电冰]
·bacterial count of urine [尿菌落数]
·osmotic pressure assay[尿渗透压测定]
·urine (blood, stool) culture [尿（血、大便）培养] ·bone marrow puncture [骨穿]
·iron staining of bone marrow smear [骨髓铁染色] ·serum iron assay [血清铁测定]
·Vit B12 and folic acid assay [维生素B12和叶酸测定] ·BT (bleeding time) [出血时间]
·CT (coagulation time) [凝血时间]
·PT (prothrombin time)[凝血酶原时间]
·ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间] ·KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)[部分凝血活酶时间]
·Fb (fibrinogen)[纤维蛋白原]
·FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)[纤维蛋白原降解产物]
·ABG (arterial blood gas)[血气分析]
·renal function and liver function[肝肾功能]
·D-dimer fragments assay[D-二聚体测定]
·Hcy (homocysteine)[同型半胱氨酸]
·Cr and BuN (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)[肌酐和尿素氮]
·blood lipid (TG, TC ,HDL, LDL)[血脂（甘油三酯，胆固醇，高密度脂蛋
白，低密度脂蛋白）]
·myocardial enzyme (CK, CK-MB, GOT, LDH)[心肌酶谱（肌酸磷酸激酶及
同功酶，谷草转氨酶，乳酶脱氢酶）]
·Mb (myoglobin)[肌红蛋白]
·CTn-I [肌钙蛋白-I]
·thyroid function (T3,T4,TSH,FT3 FT4,TG,TM)[甲状腺功能]
·VMA (urine vanillylmandelic acid)[尿香草基杏仁酸] ·LH, FSH, ACTH, GH[黄体生成素，卵泡刺激素，促肾上腺皮质激素，生
长激素]
·acid-fast stain[抗酸染色]
·EKG [心电图]
·bedside [床边]
·chest (cervical) X-ray examination [胸部（颈部）X线检查] ·P-A + lateral projection [正位+侧位]
·echo (TTE, transthoracic echo)[经胸超声心动图]
·echo (TEE, transesophageal echo)[经食道超声心动图] ·Doppler echocardiography[多普勒超声心动图]
·fluoroscopy [透视]
·CT (computerized-tomography)[计算机断层摄影]
·MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)[核磁共振成像]
·DSA (digital subtractive angiography)[数字减影血管造影术] ·contrast enhancement[对比增强]
·dacryocystography[泪囊造影]
·Caldwell`s position [柯氏位]
·Wayer`s position[瓦氏位]
·Angiography [血管造影术]
·coronary angiography [冠脉造影术]
·right ventricul ography [右心造影术]
·PTCA[经皮经腔冠脉成形术]
·RFCA[经导管射频消融术]
·stent[支架]
·pacemaker implanted operation[起搏器植入术]
·Holter (dynamic ECG)[24小时动态心电图]
·ABPM[24小时动态血压监测]
·treadmill test [平板运动试验]
·bicycle ergometer[踏车试验]
·tilt test[倾斜试验]
·phonocardiog raphy[心音图]
·atropine test[阿托品试验]
·TEAP (transesophageal atrial pacing)[食道调搏]
·EP study[电生理检查]
·VCG (vectocardiogram)[心向量图]
·EMG (electromyogram)[肌电图]
·EEG (electroencephalogram)[脑电图]
·barium enema[钡灌肠]
·cholangiography[胆管造影术]
·intravenous (oral) cholecystography[静脉（口服）胆囊造影] ·pancratocholangiography[胰胆管造影]
·selective heptatic arteriography[选择性肝动脉造影] ·bronchography[支气管造影]
·lung aspiration biopsy[肺针吸活检]
·cystourethrography[膀胱尿道造影]
·IVU (intravenous urography)[静脉尿道造影]
·retrogradepyelography[逆行肾盂造影]
·uterosalpingography[子宫输卵管造影]
·CT-guided aspiration biopsy[CT 导向下穿刺活检] ·cerebral angiography [脑血管造影]
·vertebral angiography[椎动脉造影]
·cisternography[脑室造影]
·arterio (veno) graphy[动（静）脉造影]
·lung functional examination[肺功能检查]
·gastroscopy[胃镜检查]
·endoscopy[内窥镜检查]
·sigmoidoscopy[乙状结肠镜查]
·colonoscopy[结肠镜检查]
·colonofiberscopy[纤维结肠镜检查]
·bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]
·ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography)[经内镜逆行胰胆
管造影]
·catheterization[导尿术]
·thoracentesis[胸穿]
·abdominocentesis（abdominal puncture）[腹穿]
·pericardiocentesis[心包穿刺]
·liver (renal) biopsy[肝（肾）活检]
·bone marrow puncture[骨穿]
·lumbar puncture[腰穿]
·lymah node puncture [淋巴结穿刺]
·joint cavity paracentesis [关节腔穿刺术]
·examination of prostate[前列腺检查]
·massage of prostate[前列腺按摩]
·CVP measure [中心静脉压测定]
·peripheral venous pressure measure [外周静脉压测定] ·duodenal drainage[十二指肠引流]
常用医嘱术语[Medical orders] （1）医嘱术语[medical orders] ·Admit/transfer to[收入（转入）] ·Resident/attending[住院（主诊）医师] ·condition[病情] ▲critical (Imminence)[病危] ▲unstable[不稳定] ▲stable[稳定] ▲general (fair) [一般] ·emergent[急诊] ·Diagnosis[诊断] ·Diet[饮食] ▲full (home) diet[普食] ▲liquid (semi-liquid) diet[流汁（半流汁）饮食] ▲soft diet[软食] ▲low salt and low fat diet[低盐低脂饮食] ▲salt-free diet[无盐饮食] ▲low purine diet[低嘌呤饮食] ▲low (non)-residue diet[少（无）渣饮食] ▲light diet [清淡饮食] ▲high caloric diet[高热量饮食] ▲high protein (protein-rich) diet[高蛋白饮食]
▲diabetic diet[糖尿病饮食]
▲nephritic diet[肾炎饮食]
▲nasal feeding[鼻饲]
▲fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)[禁食]
▲NPO for 5 hours[禁食5小时]
▲meal standard[伙食标准]
·activity[活动]
▲absolute rest[绝对卧床休息]
▲stay on the bed (yest in bed)[卧床休息]
▲Ad lib[随意活动]
▲In the ward [病房内活动]
·vital signs[生命体征]
·Q shift (q.6h)[每班（每6小时）一次]
·immoblization[制动]
·pressed by sand bag [沙袋压迫]
·I/O (intake and output)[记出入量]
·N/A (non-apply)[不需要]
·parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor [其他：心电图
（血压，氧饱和度）监
护]
·allergies[过敏]
·NKA (non-known allergies)[无已知的过敏反应]
·patient identification [病人身份]
·4th floor,room 5 ,bed 2(405-2)[4楼5号房2床]
·Med. Rec#[病历号]
·medical orders[医嘱]
·on general routine[护理常规]
·on grade I (II, III) nuring care[I （I、III）
级护理]
·morning (evening) care[晨间（夜间）护理]
·bedsore care[褥疮护理]
·mouth (oral) care[口腔护理]
·CPT( chest physical treatment) [胸部物理治疗]
·O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)[吸氧（2-4升/分）]
·alcohol sponge bath[酒精擦浴]
·cold (hot) compress[冷（热）敷]
·wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4[用硫酸镁
湿敷]
·change position × qh[每小时更换一次体位]
·gastric lavage with water[用清水洗胃]
·bladder irrigation [膀胱冲洗]
·under water seal drainage of thorax[胸腔水封
瓶引流]
·GI decompression [胃肠减压]
·keep warm[保温]
·lower temperature by ice-cap[冰帽降温]
·keep bowels open[保持大便通畅]
·keep the airway open[保持气道通畅]
·retention catheterization[留置导尿]
·prevent from bedsore[预防褥疮]
·on bedside isolation[床边隔离]
·P.P sitz bath[高锰酸钾液坐浴]
·raising the head (foot) of the bed[抬高床头
（尾）]
·pencillin (procaine, iodine) skin test[青霉素
（普鲁卡因，碘）皮试]
·intubate and ventilator support[气管插管及呼
吸机支持]
·cleaning (retention) enama[清洁（保留）灌肠]
·soapsuds (saline) enama[肥皂水（盐水）灌肠]
·intradermal injection[皮内注射]
·subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection [皮下注
射]
·intramuscular injection( i.m)[肌肉注射]
·intravenous injection(i.v)[静脉注射]
·intravenous drip(ivgtt)[静脉滴入]
·stool OB [大便隐血]
·stool ova count[大便虫卵计数]
·uric acid [尿酸]
·uric (serum) amylase [尿（血）淀粉酶]
·urine K+ (Na+)[尿钾（钠）测定]
·pregnance test[妊娠试验]
·urine Bence-Jone protein [尿本-周氏蛋白]
·urinary protein electrophoresis[尿蛋白电冰]
·bacterial count of urine [尿菌落数]
·osmotic pressure assay[尿渗透压测定]
·urine (blood, stool) culture [尿（血、大便）培养] ·bone marrow puncture [骨穿]
·iron staining of bone marrow smear [骨髓铁染色] ·serum iron assay [血清铁测定]
·Vit B12 and folic acid assay [维生素B12和叶酸测定] ·BT (bleeding time) [出血时间]
·CT (coagulation time) [凝血时间]
·PT (prothrombin time)[凝血酶原时间]
·ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间] ·KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)[部分凝血活酶时间]
·Fb (fibrinogen)[纤维蛋白原]
·FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)[纤维蛋白原降解产物]
·ABG (arterial blood gas)[血气分析]
·renal function and liver function[肝肾功能]
·D-dimer fragments assay[D-二聚体测定]
·Hcy (homocysteine)[同型半胱氨酸]
·Cr and BuN (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)[肌酐和尿素氮]
·blood lipid (TG, TC ,HDL, LDL)[血脂（甘油三酯，胆固醇，高密度脂蛋
白，低密度脂蛋白）]
·myocardial enzyme (CK, CK-MB, GOT, LDH)[心肌酶谱（肌酸磷酸激酶及
同功酶，谷草转氨酶，乳酶脱氢酶）]
·Mb (myoglobin)[肌红蛋白]
·CTn-I [肌钙蛋白-I]
·thyroid function (T3,T4,TSH,FT3 FT4,TG,TM)[甲状腺功能]
·VMA (urine vanillylmandelic acid)[尿香草基杏仁酸] ·LH, FSH, ACTH, GH[黄体生成素，卵泡刺激素，促肾上腺皮质激素，生
长激素]
·acid-fast stain[抗酸染色]
·EKG [心电图]
·bedside [床边]
·chest (cervical) X-ray examination [胸部（颈部）X线检查] ·P-A + lateral projection [正位+侧位]
·echo (TTE, transthoracic echo)[经胸超声心动图]
·echo (TEE, transesophageal echo)[经食道超声心动图] ·Doppler echocardiography[多普勒超声心动图]
·fluoroscopy [透视]
·CT (computerized-tomography)[计算机断层摄影]
·MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)[核磁共振成像]
·DSA (digital subtractive angiography)[数字减影血管造影术] ·contrast enhancement[对比增强]
·dacryocystography[泪囊造影]
·Caldwell`s position [柯氏位]
·Wayer`s position[瓦氏位]
·Angiography [血管造影术]
·coronary angiography [冠脉造影术]
·right ventricul ography [右心造影术]
·PTCA[经皮经腔冠脉成形术]
·RFCA[经导管射频消融术]
·stent[支架]
·pacemaker implanted operation[起搏器植入术]
·Holter (dynamic ECG)[24小时动态心电图]
·ABPM[24小时动态血压监测]
·treadmill test [平板运动试验]
·bicycle ergometer[踏车试验]
·tilt test[倾斜试验]
·phonocardiog raphy[心音图]
·atropine test[阿托品试验]
·TEAP (transesophageal atrial pacing)[食道调搏]
·EP study[电生理检查]
·VCG (vectocardiogram)[心向量图]
·EMG (electromyogram)[肌电图]
·EEG (electroencephalogram)[脑电图]
·barium enema[钡灌肠]
·cholangiography[胆管造影术]
·intravenous (oral) cholecystography[静脉（口服）胆囊造影] ·pancratocholangiography[胰胆管造影]
·selective heptatic arteriography[选择性肝动脉造影] ·bronchography[支气管造影]
·lung aspiration biopsy[肺针吸活检]
·cystourethrography[膀胱尿道造影]
·IVU (intravenous urography)[静脉尿道造影]
·retrogradepyelography[逆行肾盂造影]
·uterosalpingography[子宫输卵管造影]
·CT-guided aspiration biopsy[CT 导向下穿刺活检] ·cerebral angiography [脑血管造影]
·vertebral angiography[椎动脉造影]
·cisternography[脑室造影]
·arterio (veno) graphy[动（静）脉造影]
·lung functional examination[肺功能检查]
·gastroscopy[胃镜检查]
·endoscopy[内窥镜检查]
·sigmoidoscopy[乙状结肠镜查]
·colonoscopy[结肠镜检查]
·colonofiberscopy[纤维结肠镜检查]
·bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]
·ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography)[经内镜逆行胰胆
管造影]
·catheterization[导尿术]
·thoracentesis[胸穿]
·abdominocentesis（abdominal puncture）[腹穿]
·pericardiocentesis[心包穿刺]
·liver (renal) biopsy[肝（肾）活检]
·bone marrow puncture[骨穿]
·lumbar puncture[腰穿]
·lymah node puncture [淋巴结穿刺]
·joint cavity paracentesis [关节腔穿刺术]
·examination of prostate[前列腺检查]
·massage of prostate[前列腺按摩]
·CVP measure [中心静脉压测定]
·peripheral venous pressure measure [外周静脉压测定] ·duodenal drainage[十二指肠引流]