人教版新目标八年级英语上册第五单元知识详解
【重要词组】
◆ baseball game 棒球比赛
◆ the day after tomorrow 后天
◆ come over to 从一地方来到另一个地方，过来
◆ go to the doctor 去看病
◆ have a piano lesson 上钢琴课
◆ have to 不得不
◆ text time 下一次
◆ study for a test 准备考试
◆ be free 有空儿，有时间
【部分词汇用法】
1.做功课：do my lessons
2. have a lesson / have lessons （学生）上课：
3. give a lesson to sb. / give lessons to sb. （老师）给某人上课：
或) give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训：
1. from one to another 从一个到另一个：
I’m going hiking from one city to another.
One after another 一个接一个
I love apples, so I eat one after another when there are some at home.
other/ others/another/the other/the others
another作代词（单数），泛指三个以上不定数目的人或事物中的另一个
the other作代词（单数）,表示两者中的另一个人或事物
I have two pens. One is red and the other is black.
the others作代词（复数）,表示全体中除去一部分后其余所有的人后事物
20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese.
thank you for / thanks for
thank you for谢谢你… 后面跟谢谢你… 后面跟doing sth.
1. all 与whole
(1). all与whole 都可用在表示整体的单数名词前，但限定词的位置不同。whole一般用于冠词、物主代词或别的限定词之后，其结构为“限定词+whole +单数名词”；而all 则位于这些词之前，其结构为“all +限定词+单数名词”。例如：all the time=the whole time , all my life=my whole life
（2）all 与whole 后可接复数名词，其结构分别为“all +限定词+复数名词”和“the whole+复数名词
（3）whole一般不能修饰不可数名词或物质名词，修饰复数名词时，其前一般有数量词，而all 能用于各种情况。例如：all the water 而不说the whole water。
come over顺便来访 come along一起来 come from来自…
come back回来 come down下来，败落 come round （非正式）过访，前来
come into being形成，产生 come out出来 come on赶快，来吧
come in 进来 come up上来，出现 come up with提出，赶上
(2)study for…表示“为……而学”的意思,for的后面接study的目的,eg.
We study hard for the people. 我们为人们而努力学习。
They want to work hard for better pay. 他们为了更好的报酬而努力工作。
That’s too bad . Maybe another time . 太糟了，也许换个时间吧。
或Maybe next time . 也许下一次吧。
(2)keep+反身代词,eg.
I kept myself warm by walking up and down. 我踱来踱去以暖和身子。
(3)keep+sb/sth+形容词,eg.
The kettle is used for keeping water warm. 热水瓶是用来保持水温的。
(4)keep+动词-ing形式,eg.
They kept working for another half an hour. 他们又继续工作了半个小时。
(5)keep+sb/sth+动词-ing形式,eg.
She kept us waiting for quite some time. 她让我们等了好一会儿。
【综合能力检测】
. 单项填空
1. What do you usually do _______ Saturdays?( )
A. at B. on C. in
2. I’m sorry I have to _______ for the English test.( )
A. study B. studies C. studying
3. Can you ______ to my birthday party?( )
A. visit B. go C. come
4. Thanks for ___________.( )
A. asking B. ask C. asks
5. On Wednesday , I’m _________ tennis with the school team.( )
A. play B. playing C. am playing
6. A: Must I clean my room, mom? B: No, you ______.( )
A. don’t B. needn’t C. aren’t
. 连词成句
1. Thanks, for, a lot, invitation , the
________________________________
2. Can, come, to, you , my , party ?
______________________________________
3. I’m , I’m , sorry , to , going , the , movies, my friends, with .
________________________________________________
4. Tomorrow , have to , I , to , the , go , dentist.
_________________________________________
5. What , you, are , on , Sunday, doing?
_____________________________________
Dear Ms Masini,
Thank you for your letter of 12th April.
In view of your interest in the Institute for the Blind, we are extremely happy.
We usually try to arrange such visits on Fridays, because one of our staff is then free to
show
guests round the buildings.
Two possible dates which we can offer for you to spend a morning visiting our organization,
are 21st May and 4th June.
Could you please let us know if one of these is suitable for you?
yours sincerely
【例1】 The students are having a class． Ask them to keep ________．
A． quiet B． quietly
C． quick D． quickly
解析：keep quiet “保持安静”。quiet是形容词与keep一起构成词组。keep后面加上形容词表示“保持某种状态”。如：keep clean；keep warm等。
（1）May I __________ the sports meeting?
（2）When did your father ________ the Party?
解析：根据“重，难点解析”第6点可知（1）填take part in，（2）填join
【例3】 He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat．
解析：Too much，too many都是表示“太多的”意思，too much后接不可数名词，too many后接可数名词。Much too是“太…”的意思，后接形容词。句子的意思是“他吃了太多食物，所以太胖了。”。
【例4】 ----Do you have a PE _______ every day?
----No, we have only two PE _______ every week．
解析：上一堂体育课，译为“have a PE lesson”。两节体育课，译为“have two PE classes”
【例5】 Tomorrow is Chinese Communist ________ birthday． We will have a tea ________．
A． party, Party B． Party, party
C． party’s, party D． party’s, party
解析：党的生日晚会译为“Party’s birthday party”其中P大写是“党”的意思，p小写是“晚会”的意思。
典型例题：
1. ______ you love to join us on Monday?
A. Can B. Will C. Do D. Would
解析：would love to 意为“很喜欢，很愿意”，用“to”接动词，回答时to不能省略。故选D.
2. —Sorry, because I have to look after my brother.
—That’s too ______.May me ______ time.
A. bad; another B. bad; other C. good; another D. good; other
解析：第一空内容根据句意需要bad. other 表“其他的，其余的”之意，another表“再一，又一”之意，故应用another.
三 、重点句型体验：
1. It’s划线提问) 2. She has to go there by bus.(一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________
3. You have to clean the classroom right now.(否定句)
_______________________________________________
4. Thank you for inviting me.(同义句)
_______________________________________________
5. Can the children swim in the river?(作否定回答)
_______________________________________________
随堂达标
一、单项选择
1. — Can you come to my party on Saturday evening?
— Sure, ______
A. I’d love. B. I’d like. C. I’d love to. D. I have to.
2. Thanks ______ me to your party.
A. for ask B. to ask C. to asking D. for asking
3. Listen! Can you hear birds in the tree?
A. sing B. to sing C. sings D. singing
4. His bike is broken. He walk to school.
A. must B. have to C. has to D. has
5. He feels lonely. He has ______ friends here except me.
A. some B. many C. more D. few
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1. —Can you go to play soccer this afternoon?
—I’m sorry. I’m going to my cousin’s home, Thanks for 2. —Why didn’t Candy go with us?
—She ____________ (have) to go to the doctor. 三、完成句子
1. 谢谢你邀请我与你们共进晚餐。但是很抱歉，我来不了。
Thank you __________ your__________ __________ __________ __________ with you. I'm __________, but I ______ come.
2. 这周我真的很忙。我要做的工作太多。
I have a __________ week. I __________ __________ __________ work __________ __________.
3. 星期三上午我将练习钢琴。
On Wednesday morning I'm __________ __________ __________.
4. 你能星期六下午与我一起去看牙医吗？
Can you go to __________ __________ on Saturday afternoon __________ __________?
5. 我不得不在家做作业。
I __________ __________ do my homework __________ __________.
语法练习
1. —Can you go shopping with me?
—I’d love to, but I ____________. I have much work to do.
A. am not B. can C. can’t D. don’t
2. Yesterday I _______an English class of Mr. Green’s. It’s funny. I would like him to be my teacher.
A. listened B. taught C. gave
3. —Thank you for ______ me _____ my bike riding.
—You are welcome.
A. help, about B. helping, with C. helped, with
4. On Wednesday, I’m _______ tennis with the school team.
A. play B. playing C. am playing
5. —Must I clean my room, mom?
—No, you ______.
A. don't B. needn't C. aren't D. had D. helping, to D. plays D. mustn’t
中考链接
1. —Would you like to visit the museum?（大连2007）
—________.
A. Yes, please. B. Sure, I’d love to
C. Sorry, I wouldn’t D. Yes, I would
2. Can you ________ my house to have a meeting tonight?（潍坊2008）
A. come over to B. come back to
C. leave for D. have a look at
3.I have studied ________ my science test ________ Thursday afternoon.（青岛2008）
A. at; on B. on; for C. for; in D. for; on
4. —Can you stay here for dinner? (福州2007)
—Sorry. I_____.I have something important to do.
A. don’t B. didn’t C. needn’t D. can’t
5. —Could I borrow your dictionary? (江苏2008)
—Yes, of course you _____.
A. must B. need C. can D. will
教师寄语：The more you know, the less you fear.
你知道的越多，害怕的越少。（知识压倒恐惧）
随堂达标
一 、单项选择
1. What are you doing ______ Monday morning?
A. on B at C. in D. from
2. Thanks for ______ me to the party.
A. ask B. asking C. asks D. to ask
3. Bob can't come out to play because he ______ help Dad in the garden.
A. can B. can't C. has to D. has
4. —Would you like a cup of coffee?
—______.
A. No, I don't want B. No, thank you C. I don't like it D. Yes, I’d like to
5. —My mother is ill. I have to take care of her at home.
—______.
A. Thank you B. Oh, I don't know
C. I'm sorry to hear that D. Really
二 、用单词的适当形式填空
1. We are ____________ (babysit) the little boy now.
2. I’d like ____________ (come) to you birthday party.
3. Thanks very much for____________ (give) me the chance.
4. Can he ____________ (drive) the car alone now?
5. —What is Helen doing?
—I don’t know. Maybe she ____________ (study) for her math test.
6. The story he is telling is ____________ (real) funny.
7. He came into my room ____________ (quiet).
8. We go to school after ____________ (have) breakfast.
9. Don’t you think we need ____________ (buy) a new car.
10. I’m very sorry ____________ (trouble) you.
三 、完成句子
1. 我们每天花三个小时看电视。
__________ __________us three hours__________watch TV every day.
2. 后天你准备做什么？
What are you going to do__________ __________ __________ __________?
3. 韩梅擅长音乐。
Han Mei is__________ __________music.
4. 良好的健康状况依赖于良好的食物。
Good health__________ __________good food.
5. 下星期天你能到我家来吗？
Can you__________ __________ __________my house next Sunday? 语法练习
1. The camera is not yours. It’s ______.
A. Lucy’s and Lily B. Lucy’s and Lily’s
C. Lucy and Lily’s D. Lucy and Lily
2. I’m going to Tokyo by air ______ Monday morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
3. My classmate invite me ______ his party on Sunday.
A. for B. come to C. come D. to
4. Can you play tennis ______ us?
A. and B. with C. join D. together
5. There are many tall green trees on ______ side of the street.
A. either B. both C. all D. every 中考链接
1. Mrs Brown isn’t here. She has to ______ her baby at home.(烟台2008)
A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after
2. An apple a day is good ______ your health.(北京2007)
A. at B. for C. in D. with
3. —______ do you write to your penpal? (潍坊2008)
—Once a week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
4. There is ______ with the recorder.(青岛2006)
A. anything wrong B. wrong anything
C. something wrong D. wrong something
5. Let’s hurry, or we’ll be late ______ school.(济南2007)
A. to B. at C. with D. for
人教版新目标八年级英语上册第五单元知识详解
【重要词组】
◆ baseball game 棒球比赛
◆ the day after tomorrow 后天
◆ come over to 从一地方来到另一个地方，过来
◆ go to the doctor 去看病
◆ have a piano lesson 上钢琴课
◆ have to 不得不
◆ text time 下一次
◆ study for a test 准备考试
◆ be free 有空儿，有时间
【部分词汇用法】
1.做功课：do my lessons
2. have a lesson / have lessons （学生）上课：
3. give a lesson to sb. / give lessons to sb. （老师）给某人上课：
或) give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训：
1. from one to another 从一个到另一个：
I’m going hiking from one city to another.
One after another 一个接一个
I love apples, so I eat one after another when there are some at home.
other/ others/another/the other/the others
another作代词（单数），泛指三个以上不定数目的人或事物中的另一个
the other作代词（单数）,表示两者中的另一个人或事物
I have two pens. One is red and the other is black.
the others作代词（复数）,表示全体中除去一部分后其余所有的人后事物
20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese.
thank you for / thanks for
thank you for谢谢你… 后面跟谢谢你… 后面跟doing sth.
1. all 与whole
(1). all与whole 都可用在表示整体的单数名词前，但限定词的位置不同。whole一般用于冠词、物主代词或别的限定词之后，其结构为“限定词+whole +单数名词”；而all 则位于这些词之前，其结构为“all +限定词+单数名词”。例如：all the time=the whole time , all my life=my whole life
（2）all 与whole 后可接复数名词，其结构分别为“all +限定词+复数名词”和“the whole+复数名词
（3）whole一般不能修饰不可数名词或物质名词，修饰复数名词时，其前一般有数量词，而all 能用于各种情况。例如：all the water 而不说the whole water。
come over顺便来访 come along一起来 come from来自…
come back回来 come down下来，败落 come round （非正式）过访，前来
come into being形成，产生 come out出来 come on赶快，来吧
come in 进来 come up上来，出现 come up with提出，赶上
(2)study for…表示“为……而学”的意思,for的后面接study的目的,eg.
We study hard for the people. 我们为人们而努力学习。
They want to work hard for better pay. 他们为了更好的报酬而努力工作。
That’s too bad . Maybe another time . 太糟了，也许换个时间吧。
或Maybe next time . 也许下一次吧。
(2)keep+反身代词,eg.
I kept myself warm by walking up and down. 我踱来踱去以暖和身子。
(3)keep+sb/sth+形容词,eg.
The kettle is used for keeping water warm. 热水瓶是用来保持水温的。
(4)keep+动词-ing形式,eg.
They kept working for another half an hour. 他们又继续工作了半个小时。
(5)keep+sb/sth+动词-ing形式,eg.
She kept us waiting for quite some time. 她让我们等了好一会儿。
【综合能力检测】
. 单项填空
1. What do you usually do _______ Saturdays?( )
A. at B. on C. in
2. I’m sorry I have to _______ for the English test.( )
A. study B. studies C. studying
3. Can you ______ to my birthday party?( )
A. visit B. go C. come
4. Thanks for ___________.( )
A. asking B. ask C. asks
5. On Wednesday , I’m _________ tennis with the school team.( )
A. play B. playing C. am playing
6. A: Must I clean my room, mom? B: No, you ______.( )
A. don’t B. needn’t C. aren’t
. 连词成句
1. Thanks, for, a lot, invitation , the
________________________________
2. Can, come, to, you , my , party ?
______________________________________
3. I’m , I’m , sorry , to , going , the , movies, my friends, with .
________________________________________________
4. Tomorrow , have to , I , to , the , go , dentist.
_________________________________________
5. What , you, are , on , Sunday, doing?
_____________________________________
Dear Ms Masini,
Thank you for your letter of 12th April.
In view of your interest in the Institute for the Blind, we are extremely happy.
We usually try to arrange such visits on Fridays, because one of our staff is then free to
show
guests round the buildings.
Two possible dates which we can offer for you to spend a morning visiting our organization,
are 21st May and 4th June.
Could you please let us know if one of these is suitable for you?
yours sincerely
【例1】 The students are having a class． Ask them to keep ________．
A． quiet B． quietly
C． quick D． quickly
解析：keep quiet “保持安静”。quiet是形容词与keep一起构成词组。keep后面加上形容词表示“保持某种状态”。如：keep clean；keep warm等。
（1）May I __________ the sports meeting?
（2）When did your father ________ the Party?
解析：根据“重，难点解析”第6点可知（1）填take part in，（2）填join
【例3】 He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat．
解析：Too much，too many都是表示“太多的”意思，too much后接不可数名词，too many后接可数名词。Much too是“太…”的意思，后接形容词。句子的意思是“他吃了太多食物，所以太胖了。”。
【例4】 ----Do you have a PE _______ every day?
----No, we have only two PE _______ every week．
解析：上一堂体育课，译为“have a PE lesson”。两节体育课，译为“have two PE classes”
【例5】 Tomorrow is Chinese Communist ________ birthday． We will have a tea ________．
A． party, Party B． Party, party
C． party’s, party D． party’s, party
解析：党的生日晚会译为“Party’s birthday party”其中P大写是“党”的意思，p小写是“晚会”的意思。
典型例题：
1. ______ you love to join us on Monday?
A. Can B. Will C. Do D. Would
解析：would love to 意为“很喜欢，很愿意”，用“to”接动词，回答时to不能省略。故选D.
2. —Sorry, because I have to look after my brother.
—That’s too ______.May me ______ time.
A. bad; another B. bad; other C. good; another D. good; other
解析：第一空内容根据句意需要bad. other 表“其他的，其余的”之意，another表“再一，又一”之意，故应用another.
三 、重点句型体验：
1. It’s划线提问) 2. She has to go there by bus.(一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________
3. You have to clean the classroom right now.(否定句)
_______________________________________________
4. Thank you for inviting me.(同义句)
_______________________________________________
5. Can the children swim in the river?(作否定回答)
_______________________________________________
随堂达标
一、单项选择
1. — Can you come to my party on Saturday evening?
— Sure, ______
A. I’d love. B. I’d like. C. I’d love to. D. I have to.
2. Thanks ______ me to your party.
A. for ask B. to ask C. to asking D. for asking
3. Listen! Can you hear birds in the tree?
A. sing B. to sing C. sings D. singing
4. His bike is broken. He walk to school.
A. must B. have to C. has to D. has
5. He feels lonely. He has ______ friends here except me.
A. some B. many C. more D. few
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1. —Can you go to play soccer this afternoon?
—I’m sorry. I’m going to my cousin’s home, Thanks for 2. —Why didn’t Candy go with us?
—She ____________ (have) to go to the doctor. 三、完成句子
1. 谢谢你邀请我与你们共进晚餐。但是很抱歉，我来不了。
Thank you __________ your__________ __________ __________ __________ with you. I'm __________, but I ______ come.
2. 这周我真的很忙。我要做的工作太多。
I have a __________ week. I __________ __________ __________ work __________ __________.
3. 星期三上午我将练习钢琴。
On Wednesday morning I'm __________ __________ __________.
4. 你能星期六下午与我一起去看牙医吗？
Can you go to __________ __________ on Saturday afternoon __________ __________?
5. 我不得不在家做作业。
I __________ __________ do my homework __________ __________.
语法练习
1. —Can you go shopping with me?
—I’d love to, but I ____________. I have much work to do.
A. am not B. can C. can’t D. don’t
2. Yesterday I _______an English class of Mr. Green’s. It’s funny. I would like him to be my teacher.
A. listened B. taught C. gave
3. —Thank you for ______ me _____ my bike riding.
—You are welcome.
A. help, about B. helping, with C. helped, with
4. On Wednesday, I’m _______ tennis with the school team.
A. play B. playing C. am playing
5. —Must I clean my room, mom?
—No, you ______.
A. don't B. needn't C. aren't D. had D. helping, to D. plays D. mustn’t
中考链接
1. —Would you like to visit the museum?（大连2007）
—________.
A. Yes, please. B. Sure, I’d love to
C. Sorry, I wouldn’t D. Yes, I would
2. Can you ________ my house to have a meeting tonight?（潍坊2008）
A. come over to B. come back to
C. leave for D. have a look at
3.I have studied ________ my science test ________ Thursday afternoon.（青岛2008）
A. at; on B. on; for C. for; in D. for; on
4. —Can you stay here for dinner? (福州2007)
—Sorry. I_____.I have something important to do.
A. don’t B. didn’t C. needn’t D. can’t
5. —Could I borrow your dictionary? (江苏2008)
—Yes, of course you _____.
A. must B. need C. can D. will
教师寄语：The more you know, the less you fear.
你知道的越多，害怕的越少。（知识压倒恐惧）
随堂达标
一 、单项选择
1. What are you doing ______ Monday morning?
A. on B at C. in D. from
2. Thanks for ______ me to the party.
A. ask B. asking C. asks D. to ask
3. Bob can't come out to play because he ______ help Dad in the garden.
A. can B. can't C. has to D. has
4. —Would you like a cup of coffee?
—______.
A. No, I don't want B. No, thank you C. I don't like it D. Yes, I’d like to
5. —My mother is ill. I have to take care of her at home.
—______.
A. Thank you B. Oh, I don't know
C. I'm sorry to hear that D. Really
二 、用单词的适当形式填空
1. We are ____________ (babysit) the little boy now.
2. I’d like ____________ (come) to you birthday party.
3. Thanks very much for____________ (give) me the chance.
4. Can he ____________ (drive) the car alone now?
5. —What is Helen doing?
—I don’t know. Maybe she ____________ (study) for her math test.
6. The story he is telling is ____________ (real) funny.
7. He came into my room ____________ (quiet).
8. We go to school after ____________ (have) breakfast.
9. Don’t you think we need ____________ (buy) a new car.
10. I’m very sorry ____________ (trouble) you.
三 、完成句子
1. 我们每天花三个小时看电视。
__________ __________us three hours__________watch TV every day.
2. 后天你准备做什么？
What are you going to do__________ __________ __________ __________?
3. 韩梅擅长音乐。
Han Mei is__________ __________music.
4. 良好的健康状况依赖于良好的食物。
Good health__________ __________good food.
5. 下星期天你能到我家来吗？
Can you__________ __________ __________my house next Sunday? 语法练习
1. The camera is not yours. It’s ______.
A. Lucy’s and Lily B. Lucy’s and Lily’s
C. Lucy and Lily’s D. Lucy and Lily
2. I’m going to Tokyo by air ______ Monday morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
3. My classmate invite me ______ his party on Sunday.
A. for B. come to C. come D. to
4. Can you play tennis ______ us?
A. and B. with C. join D. together
5. There are many tall green trees on ______ side of the street.
A. either B. both C. all D. every 中考链接
1. Mrs Brown isn’t here. She has to ______ her baby at home.(烟台2008)
A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after
2. An apple a day is good ______ your health.(北京2007)
A. at B. for C. in D. with
3. —______ do you write to your penpal? (潍坊2008)
—Once a week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
4. There is ______ with the recorder.(青岛2006)
A. anything wrong B. wrong anything
C. something wrong D. wrong something
5. Let’s hurry, or we’ll be late ______ school.(济南2007)
A. to B. at C. with D. for