二、名词
一、名词：具体或抽象的事物。
1) dog, boy, car, book, window, day
2) class, team, family, police
3) water, tea, milk, coffee, meat, gold
4) friendship, health, beauty, time 其中集体名词被当作一个整体时，要看作是单数，用单数的谓语动词。但当这些名词里的具体事物的各成员是被逐一单独考虑时，就用复数的谓语动词。 The football is playing well.这个足球队踢得好。
The football 足球队员们正在洗澡，然后他们就回来喝茶。
The 这是一个幸福的家庭。
My 这个好消息使我全家人都很高兴。 Xiao Ming is a Chinese. 小名是个中国人。
The Chinese are brave and smart. 中国人很勇敢智慧。
二、难点：名词的复数
The thief’s wife killed a wolf with a knife and a leaf.
不规则变化：
man→men男人 woman→women女人
foot→feet脚 tooth→teeth牙
goose→geese鹅 mouse→mice鼠
ox→oxen公牛 child→children儿童
单复数同形：
deer，sheep，fish，
Chinese，Japanese, yuan（注意西方货币有复数dollars, pounds）
只用复数的词：
trousers裤子 goods货物 clothes衣物
glasses眼镜 scissors剪刀 people 人
有的名词既可以做可数名词，又可以做不可数名词。
glass 玻璃 玻璃杯
paper 纸 文件、试卷、报
重要提示：
1、单数可数名词永远不可以单独存在。
例句：牛在天上飞。
Ox is flying in the sky. ×
An ox is flying in the sky.√
Oxen are flying in the sky.√
2、形如“num-n-adj”结构内的名词永远单数。此形式相当于一个形容词。
如：三米长 three-meter-long 如果连字符，中间的名词不变复数式。
例：Amy is a seven-year-old girl. Amy是个7岁的小女孩。
三、不可数名词
不可数名词不能被a, an, many等直接修饰。但它们可以借助单位词表一定的数量。
如：
a glass of water 一杯水
a piece of advice一条建议
a piece of paper 一张纸
四、可数名词和不可数名词各有其不同的修饰语
①只修饰可数名词单数的
如a/an，one，another，either，neither，every，many a等。
I don’t like this book, give me 我不喜欢这本书, 请另外给我一本。 两只鞋都感觉不舒服。 keeps the doctor away.[谚] 一天一个苹果, 医生不上门(比喻不生病)。
②只修饰可数名词复数的
如these，those，few，many，a great number of，both，several及二以上的数词等。 There are apples on the table. 桌子上有几个苹果。
There are 桌子上几乎没苹果。
Were there e at the meeting? 有很多人到会吗?
③只修饰不可数名词的
如a little(表示“少”，并非“小”)，a bit of，much，a great/good deal of，a great/large/small amount of等。
There is milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有点牛奶。
There is 瓶子里没大有牛奶了。
There was so’t eat it all. 食物太多了，我们吃不完。 ④既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的有the，some，any，no，all，a large/small quantity of，other，half，one-third等。some在解释为 “某一”，any在解释为”任何”时也可修饰可数名词单数。this和that只能修饰可数名词单数和不可数名词，last，next，the other和序数词只能修饰可数名词单数和复数。
I have 我有一些书。
There is 桌子上有些水。
五、名词的所有格
在英语中有些名词可以加’s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher’s book。名词所有格的规则如下：
1）单数名词词尾加’s。
2）若名词已有复数词尾s，只加’，如：Teachers’ Day 教师节。复数名词如果词尾没有s，要加’s，如men’s room 男厕所，Children’s Day 儿童节。
3）所有格’s的形式一般都可以变成“名词+of +名词”的形式，如this song’s name可以变成name of this song。
4）人名+sthe Greens 格林一家
人名+s+’ 表示某一家人的住所。the Greens’ 格林的家
The Greens went to China this summer. 格林一家暑假去了中国。
I went to the Greens’ yesterday. 我昨天去了格林的家。
5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示“分别有”；只有一个’s，则表示“共有”。
如：John’s and Mary’s rooms（两间）John and Mary’s room（一间）
6）双重所有格。’s所有格有时可以和of所有格结合在一起表示所有关系，这叫做”双重所有格”。
He is a friend .他是我弟弟的一位朋友。
I’m staying with a friend 我打算和我的一位朋友住在一起。
I borrowed a necklace 我借了你的一条项链。
1. All the have three
A. hero; photo B. heros; photos
C. heroes; photoes D. heroes; photos
2. A group of and at the foot of the hill.
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs
3. All the are made of , not plastics.
A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass
C. glass; glasses D. glasses; glasses
4. —What did you see?
—I saw police there.
A. many B. much C. little D. the
A. How much B. How many C. Do you know how much D. What’s the number of
6. The come out to the farm.
A. cow B. dog C. deer D. horse
A. A lot of clothes B. Much clothing
C. Many a cloth D. Lots of clothes
are sold in the new store.
A. Man and child’s shoes B. Men’s and children’s shoes
C. Men and children shoes D. Men’s and child’s shoes
12. Julie went to the to buy a pair of shoes .
A. shoes store B. shoe store C. shoe’s store D. shoes’ store
13. —What would you like to drink?
—I’d like , please.
A. a coffee cup B. small coffee C. a little coffee D. a cup coffee
14.Biology is
A. science of life B. science of the life
C. the science of the life D. the science of life
15. I’ll give you
A. two-weeks time B. two weeks time
C. two weeks’ time D. two week’s time
16. —How far is the hospital?
—About walk.
A. five-minute B. five-minute’s C. five minutes’ D. five minutes
19. —“Whose hat is it?”—It’s
A. somebody else’s B. somebody else
C. somebody’s else’s D. somebody’s else
20. Mike and John’.
A. father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers
C. father are teachers D. fathers are teacher
do you want?
A. bread B. breads C. piece of bread D. pieces of bread
22. Miss Smith is a friend of .
A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother
C. mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother
A. set B. one C. copy D. pair
24. The number of people invited absent(缺席的).
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
二、名词
一、名词：具体或抽象的事物。
1) dog, boy, car, book, window, day
2) class, team, family, police
3) water, tea, milk, coffee, meat, gold
4) friendship, health, beauty, time 其中集体名词被当作一个整体时，要看作是单数，用单数的谓语动词。但当这些名词里的具体事物的各成员是被逐一单独考虑时，就用复数的谓语动词。 The football is playing well.这个足球队踢得好。
The football 足球队员们正在洗澡，然后他们就回来喝茶。
The 这是一个幸福的家庭。
My 这个好消息使我全家人都很高兴。 Xiao Ming is a Chinese. 小名是个中国人。
The Chinese are brave and smart. 中国人很勇敢智慧。
二、难点：名词的复数
The thief’s wife killed a wolf with a knife and a leaf.
不规则变化：
man→men男人 woman→women女人
foot→feet脚 tooth→teeth牙
goose→geese鹅 mouse→mice鼠
ox→oxen公牛 child→children儿童
单复数同形：
deer，sheep，fish，
Chinese，Japanese, yuan（注意西方货币有复数dollars, pounds）
只用复数的词：
trousers裤子 goods货物 clothes衣物
glasses眼镜 scissors剪刀 people 人
有的名词既可以做可数名词，又可以做不可数名词。
glass 玻璃 玻璃杯
paper 纸 文件、试卷、报
重要提示：
1、单数可数名词永远不可以单独存在。
例句：牛在天上飞。
Ox is flying in the sky. ×
An ox is flying in the sky.√
Oxen are flying in the sky.√
2、形如“num-n-adj”结构内的名词永远单数。此形式相当于一个形容词。
如：三米长 three-meter-long 如果连字符，中间的名词不变复数式。
例：Amy is a seven-year-old girl. Amy是个7岁的小女孩。
三、不可数名词
不可数名词不能被a, an, many等直接修饰。但它们可以借助单位词表一定的数量。
如：
a glass of water 一杯水
a piece of advice一条建议
a piece of paper 一张纸
四、可数名词和不可数名词各有其不同的修饰语
①只修饰可数名词单数的
如a/an，one，another，either，neither，every，many a等。
I don’t like this book, give me 我不喜欢这本书, 请另外给我一本。 两只鞋都感觉不舒服。 keeps the doctor away.[谚] 一天一个苹果, 医生不上门(比喻不生病)。
②只修饰可数名词复数的
如these，those，few，many，a great number of，both，several及二以上的数词等。 There are apples on the table. 桌子上有几个苹果。
There are 桌子上几乎没苹果。
Were there e at the meeting? 有很多人到会吗?
③只修饰不可数名词的
如a little(表示“少”，并非“小”)，a bit of，much，a great/good deal of，a great/large/small amount of等。
There is milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有点牛奶。
There is 瓶子里没大有牛奶了。
There was so’t eat it all. 食物太多了，我们吃不完。 ④既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的有the，some，any，no，all，a large/small quantity of，other，half，one-third等。some在解释为 “某一”，any在解释为”任何”时也可修饰可数名词单数。this和that只能修饰可数名词单数和不可数名词，last，next，the other和序数词只能修饰可数名词单数和复数。
I have 我有一些书。
There is 桌子上有些水。
五、名词的所有格
在英语中有些名词可以加’s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher’s book。名词所有格的规则如下：
1）单数名词词尾加’s。
2）若名词已有复数词尾s，只加’，如：Teachers’ Day 教师节。复数名词如果词尾没有s，要加’s，如men’s room 男厕所，Children’s Day 儿童节。
3）所有格’s的形式一般都可以变成“名词+of +名词”的形式，如this song’s name可以变成name of this song。
4）人名+sthe Greens 格林一家
人名+s+’ 表示某一家人的住所。the Greens’ 格林的家
The Greens went to China this summer. 格林一家暑假去了中国。
I went to the Greens’ yesterday. 我昨天去了格林的家。
5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示“分别有”；只有一个’s，则表示“共有”。
如：John’s and Mary’s rooms（两间）John and Mary’s room（一间）
6）双重所有格。’s所有格有时可以和of所有格结合在一起表示所有关系，这叫做”双重所有格”。
He is a friend .他是我弟弟的一位朋友。
I’m staying with a friend 我打算和我的一位朋友住在一起。
I borrowed a necklace 我借了你的一条项链。
1. All the have three
A. hero; photo B. heros; photos
C. heroes; photoes D. heroes; photos
2. A group of and at the foot of the hill.
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs
3. All the are made of , not plastics.
A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass
C. glass; glasses D. glasses; glasses
4. —What did you see?
—I saw police there.
A. many B. much C. little D. the
A. How much B. How many C. Do you know how much D. What’s the number of
6. The come out to the farm.
A. cow B. dog C. deer D. horse
A. A lot of clothes B. Much clothing
C. Many a cloth D. Lots of clothes
are sold in the new store.
A. Man and child’s shoes B. Men’s and children’s shoes
C. Men and children shoes D. Men’s and child’s shoes
12. Julie went to the to buy a pair of shoes .
A. shoes store B. shoe store C. shoe’s store D. shoes’ store
13. —What would you like to drink?
—I’d like , please.
A. a coffee cup B. small coffee C. a little coffee D. a cup coffee
14.Biology is
A. science of life B. science of the life
C. the science of the life D. the science of life
15. I’ll give you
A. two-weeks time B. two weeks time
C. two weeks’ time D. two week’s time
16. —How far is the hospital?
—About walk.
A. five-minute B. five-minute’s C. five minutes’ D. five minutes
19. —“Whose hat is it?”—It’s
A. somebody else’s B. somebody else
C. somebody’s else’s D. somebody’s else
20. Mike and John’.
A. father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers
C. father are teachers D. fathers are teacher
do you want?
A. bread B. breads C. piece of bread D. pieces of bread
22. Miss Smith is a friend of .
A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother
C. mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother
A. set B. one C. copy D. pair
24. The number of people invited absent(缺席的).
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were