九年级上英语要点复习 Unit1
1. by + doing 通过……方式 如:by studying with a group by 还可以表示:“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、” “经过”、“乘车”等 如:I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about 谈论,议论,讨论 如:The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子: ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如:What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如:Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如:Why not go shopping? ④Let’s + do sth. 如: Let’s go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如:I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如:I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 三个词都与
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大
声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不 根本不 如: I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth.
= be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 如: I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。
9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事 如: The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束 如:
The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
10. first of all 首先 . to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随
11. also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间 either 也(用于否定句)常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末
12. make mistakes 犯错 如:I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误 如: I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话;取笑(某人) 如:Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记,做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… 如: She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如:He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。
16. native speaker 说本族语的人
17. make up 组成、构成
1
18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 …其中(最…….)之一
如: She is one of the most popular teachers.
她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
19. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 如:It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。
句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事 如:
She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。
21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如:
LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
22. unless 假如不,除非 引导条件状语从句
如:You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力,你会失败。
I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写,要不我不写
23. deal with 处理 如:I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事
如:Mother worried about his son just now.
妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。
25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如: I was angry with her. 我对她生气。 26. perhaps = maybe 也许
27. go by (时间) 过去 如: Two years went by. 两年过去了。28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生
see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如:
如: She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.
2
她看见他正在教室里画画。 29. each other 彼此
30. regard… as … 把…看作为…. 如:
The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many 许多 修饰可数名词 如:too many girls
too much 许多 修饰不可数名词 如:too much milk much too 太 修饰形容词 如:much too beautiful 32. change… into… 将…变为…
如:The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。
33. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 如:with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help 在李雷的帮助下
34. compare … to … 把…与…相比
如:Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比,你是幸运的。
35. instead 代替 用在句末,副词(字面上常不译出来)
instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替,而不是 用在句中,动词
如:Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I’m going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。
He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。
Unit2
1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定形式: didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如:He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句
①肯定陈述句+否定提问 如:Lily a student, t she? Lily will go to China, she? ②否定陈述句+肯定提问 如:
She You haven’t finished homework, have you?
③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn’t little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如:
他一点也不懂英语,不是吗? 他们几乎不明白,不是吗?
3.play the + 乐器类 play the piano 弹钢琴 play +球类 play basketball
4. interested adj. 感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人,常用搭配:①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
如:He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。 interesting adj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物。 如:The book is interesting. 这本书很有趣。 Interest( 1) 作动词, 使------感兴趣 如:Your opinions interest me.你的观点使我感兴趣。 (2)作名词,兴趣,爱好 常用搭配: 5. still 仍然,还
用在be 动词的后面 如:I’m still a student. 用在行为动词的前面 如:I still love him. 6. the dark 天黑,晚上,黑暗
7. 害怕… be terrified/afraid of sth. 如:I am terrified/afraid of the dog. be terrified/afraid of doing sth. 如:I am terrified/afraid of speaking. 8. on 副词,表示(电灯、电视、机械等)在运转中/打开, 其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着
9. walk to +地方 步行到某处 接副词时省to walk to school 步行到学校 walk home/here/there 10.worry 担忧 动词 worried 忧虑的 形容词 如:我以前常担忧考试。 11. spend 动词,表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费(金钱、时间)
②spend…doing sth. 花费(金钱、时间)去做某事 如: He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
pay for 花费 如:I paid 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。 12. take 动词 有“花费”的意思 常用的结构有:
take sb. … to do sth. 如:It takes me a day to read the book. take sb to+地方 如:A person took him to the hospil.一个人把他送到了医院。Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to) 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如:I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 worry 是动词
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worried 是形容词 如:Don’t worry about him. 不用担心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。 15. all the time 一直、始终 16. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少
hardly 修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前
助动词/情态动词+hardly
hardly + 实义动词 如:
I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。 I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。 17. miss v. 思念、想念、 错过
18. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内,常与完成时连用 如: I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。
19. be different from 与…不同 the same as -------与------相同 20. how to swim 怎样游泳
不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问词连用,构成不定式短语。如:
问题是什么时候开始。 I don’t know 我不知道去哪。 21. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh.
22. move to +地方 搬到某地 如:I moved to Beijing last year. 23 help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事
help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事
She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。
She helped me (to) study English。 她帮助我学习英语。 24. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 15岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄 15岁 如: a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。 I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
25.支付不起… can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth. can’t / couldn’t afford sth. 如:I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car.
I can’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。 26. as + 形容词./副词+as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力 如: Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。 27. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 28. in the end 最后
29. make a decision 下决定 下决心 30. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶 如:
to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei’s surprise令李雷惊讶 31. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 = be proud of 如:
His father always take pride in him.=His father is always proud of him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪
32. pay attention to sth. 对…注意,留心 如:
You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。
33. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如: She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 34. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 如:
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。 35.不再 ①no more = no longer 如:
I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 ②not …any more =not …any longer 如:
I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡 Unit3 1.语态:
①英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
(主动语态)猫吃鱼。 主 谓 宾
by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 ②被动语态的构成
由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 am/ is/are +过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. 一般过去时 was /were+过去分词 This bridge was built in 1989.
情态动词can/should/may/must +be+过去分词 The work must be done right now.
③被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(主动语态)如:
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态)如: LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使(别人)做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)= have sth. done 如: I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词+enough 如:beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough+名词 如:enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够…去做… 如:
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。
stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。 6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句
He seems to feel very sad.= It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。
7. 系动词不能独立作谓语,要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有:look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外,一般都是接形容词。 如:
They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.
8. 倒装句:
由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语 意为:…也是一样 She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了
She will go to school. So will he. 她将去上学,他也是。 so 表示前句情况属实,的确如此,用陈述语序。
例句:——He works hard. 他学习很努力。 ——So he does. 他的确很努力。 综合考法:——Ann has made great progress recently. —— and A. So has she; so have you B So has she; so you have C So she has; so have you
解析:选C。句意:安最近取得了很大进步。她的确如此,你也是如此。 9. yet ,仍然,还,常用在否定句或疑问句中。 10.stay up 熬夜 如:I often stay up till 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到12 点。
11.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 如Mother is strict with her son be strict in sth 对某物要求严格 如:The teachers are strict in their work. 12.take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败 13.the other day 前几天=a few days ago 常和过去时态连用 14.both……and+动词复数形式 如: Both Jim and Liming basketball. 15.learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(某物) 如:Tom learnt English from his
English teacher.汤姆向他的英语老师学习了英语。 16. have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 =have a chance of doing sth. 如: I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. = I have a chance of going to Beijing.我有机会去北京。 17. take/have a day off 请一天假;休息一天
18. Only then can he achieve his dream. only 引导短语做状语且放句首,主句用部分倒装语序。 Unit 4
1. ——What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百万你做什么?
——I would put it in a bank. 我会存在银行里。
虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。主句用would+动词原形,从句用一般过去式,be动词都用were。
比较下列各题:
a. b. I don’t know if(是否) he will come. If(如果 you. c. I’ll invite Lucy to my party. What if she doesn’t come (not come). 2. medical research 医学研究
3. He doesn’t know what to wear.他不知道穿什么。
4. 如果其他人都带礼物怎么办?
someone else’s tie 某个其他人的领带
5. I’m too tired to do well. (too…to…太„而不能)= I am so tired that I can’t
do well. (so…that…如此„以至于)
6. confident 形容词 有信心的 confidence 名词 信心 7. energetic 形容词 有活力的 energy 名词 活力;能量
8. without permission 未经允许 People can’t live if there is no air or water.
= People can’t live without air or water.
9. bother 动词 打扰 I’m sorry to bother you. 很抱歉打扰你。 10. get annoyed 生气
11. not…in the slightest=not…at all 一点也不
12. plenty of 足够的 修饰可数名词和不可数名词 There is plenty of rain/money.
13. Mary is easy to get along with. Mary 很容易相处。 get along (well/bad) with=get on (well/bad) with与„相处
14. I would rather stay at home than go to the party. 我宁愿呆在家里也不要去参加聚会。
宁愿做„„而不愿做„„ would rather do…than do…=would like to do…than do…=prefer to do…rather than do…
15. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 borrow和lend都是非延续性动词,不能和时间段连用。 keep 保存;保管 延续性动词,可以与时间段连用。例:我保管那本书三个星期了。
16. What is he like? (他是什么样的人?强调询问性格) = What does he look like? (他长得怎么样?强调询问外貌)
17. I’d introduce myself. 我将做自我介绍。introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
18. knowledgeable 形容词 知识渊博的
19. “the rest” 或”the rest of the +名词”做主语时,谓语动词的数与the rest 代表的名词的数保持一致。
例:Have half of the bread. The rest tomorrow. A are B is C be 解析:选B,the rest 指剩下的面包
20. cover the table with a cloth 用布盖上桌子
21. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb offer 动词 提供;供给 22. refuse 动词 拒绝
23. let…down 让„失望;沮丧 I don’t want to let my parents down. 我不想让我的父母失望。
24. come up with=think of 想出;提出 常用come up with good ideas/
solutions 想出好主意/好的解决办法 25. come out 出版;发行
26. He has a lot of experience dealing with teenagers. 他处理青少年的问题很有经验
have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 做某事很有经验
27. It gives advice on what to do. 它给出了要做什么的建议。
on 关于 侧重于专门论及;about 侧重于泛泛而谈。 28. nervous 形容词 紧张的 29. listener 名词 听众
30. helpful 形容词 有帮助的;有用的
31. He didn’t know what he should do. (同义句) He didn’t know what to do. 32. go downstairs 下楼 33. hurt 受伤
Unit5
1. a. must 一定 表示有把握的推测 b. may ,can 可能
c. could, might 可能 用于过去式,有时表示语气委婉,用could,might代替can, may d. can’t 不可能
注意:The notebook must be Mary’s, isn’t it? 情态动词表示推断,反义疑问句不能用情态动词,而用实义动词 2. possibly 副词
3. anxious 形容词 焦虑的 be anxious about sth 4. hair band 发带
5. in the symphony hall在交响乐大厅 6. at the picnic 在野餐会
7. at your optometrist(验光师) appointment(约会;预约) 在验光师那里配眼镜
8. author 作者
9. Whose volleyball is this?= Who does this volleyball belong to?= Who is the owner(物主) of this volleyball? 是谁的棒球
It must be Carla’s. = It must belong to Carla. 一定是卡拉的。
10. She’s worried because of her test. 她因为测试而担心。because+句子,
不与so连用;because of +短语
11. It’s crucial(关键的) that I study for it because it makes up (组成)30% of the final exam.
12. chase 动词 追赶
13. 例1 ——When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?
—— is OK. I’m free these days. A .Both B. All C. Either D. Neither
解析:选C 句意为 我们什么时候去博物馆,今天下午还是明天早上?哪个时间都行,我这几天都有空。
both 两者都,用动词复数; all 三者或以上,用动词复数 ; either 两者中任何一个,用动词单数; neither 两者都不, 用动词单数
例2 Lucy Lily may go dancing with you, because they are not allowed to go out on school nights.
A Either, or B Neither, nor C Both, and D Not only, but also 解析:选B 句意为Lucy和Lily都不能和你去跳舞,因为他们在上学的晚上不允许外出。
A或者„或者 B 既不„也不 C 两者都 D 不仅„而且 其中ABD选项连接两个主语用就近原则 C 连接两个主语用动词复数。 14. catch a bus 追赶公共汽车
15. extremely(非常 副词) worried 极度担心
16. He is interviewed by the local newspaper. 他被当地报社采访了。 17. a strange creature 一个奇怪的生物
18. noise 噪音 可数/不可数 sound 自然界的任何声音 voice 人说话唱歌的声音,也指鸟鸣声
19. next door neighbor 隔壁邻居 in our neighborhood 在我们的小区 20. It must be teenagers having fun. 一定是青少年在恶作剧
21. There must be something visiting the homes. 一定有人来到了住宅里。
There be sb/sth doing sth 有„在做„ 22. the director of the zoo 动物园主管
23. Three monkeys escaped from the zoo. 三个猴子从动物园里逃了出来。 24. a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 25. pretend 动词 假装 You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep. 你叫不醒一个假装入睡的人。(强扭的瓜不甜) 26. use up 用光 用尽 27. finger 手指 28. stone 石头 29. ocean 海洋
30. smell 名词 气味; 感官动词 闻起来 例:The dish smells good. 菜闻起来很香。
31. Lucy’s little brother has never heard of the story. (反意疑问句) Lucy’s little 32. He can hardly speak English. (反意疑问句) He can speak Unit 6
1. 定语从句
1当先行词是人时:a,做主语用who/that 后面紧跟动词 b,做宾语用who/whom/that c, 做定语用whose 后面有名词
注意:做介词的宾语且介词提到关系词前时,只能用whom,不能用who。 例:Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.
2当先行词是物时,关系词用that/which, 下列五种特殊情况只能用that,不能用which
a. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 b. 先行词被序数词修饰 c. 先行词被the only,the very,the same 修饰
d. 先行词被all, no, everything, anything, nothing, little, few, much, the one
等修饰时
e. 先行词既有人也有物
2. ——What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐?
——我喜欢我能跟着唱的音乐。
我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。
I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我喜欢有好歌词的音乐。
3. prefer 动词 更喜欢(1)prefer A to B=like A better than B
(2)prefer doing sth to doing sth
(3)prefer to do sth
(4)prefer to do sth rather than do sth
4. remind sb of sth/sb 让某人想起 The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music. 那首曲子让我想起巴西舞曲。
5. ——What do you think of it? 你认为它怎么样?——I enjoy it a lot. 我非常喜欢。
你认为„„怎么样?What do you think of…?= How do you like…?
6. look for entertainment 找乐子
7. a world-class photographer 一个世界级的摄影师
8. As the name suggests(暗示;表明), the band has lots of energy. 正如名字所表明的,那个乐队充满活力。
9. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. 无论你做什么都不要错过这次展览。whatever=no matter what
10. be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
11. The story interests me. =The story is interesting to me.= I’m interested in the story. = I take an interest in the story.
12. It does have a few good features, though.但是它的确有几个优点。强调句用do/does/did+动词原形
though=although 尽管 虽然,不能与but连用
13. one of the best-known photographers=one of the most famous photographers 最著名的摄影师之一
one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 意为最„„中的一个
14. on display=on show 展览 陈列
15. make sb do sth; make+名词+形容词 The news make me happy. 那个消息让我高兴。
16. I eat maily fruits and vegetables. 我主要吃水果和蔬菜。
17. to be honest 说实话
18 be in agreement 意见一致
19. stay away from 远离 与„„保持距离
20. increase the risk of cancer 增加致癌危险
21. taste 感官动词 尝起来;例:The food tastes good and sells well. 那种食物尝起来不错买得很好。(taste+形容词,而sell是实义动词,用副词well修饰) tasty 形容词 美味可口的
例题 I only eat food that tastes (taste) good. 我只吃尝起来美味的食物。 这个人说美味的食物对你有害。
22. expect 动词 期望
23 learn by heart 用心学习
24. suit 名词 套装; 动词 适合 suit sb fine/well 非常适合某人
考点; The color of your bag doesn’t suit(适合) your suit (衣服)well. 你包的颜色跟你的衣服颜色不配。
25. Zhou Jielun is a singer who (write) his own music. 答案:writes Look!The children who (play) happily lost their parents in the earthquake. 答案:are playing
I like music that great lyrics. (have) 答案:has
解析:当关系词做主语时,定语从句的谓语动词与先行词单复数一致。
Unit 7
1. tiring 累人的 修饰物; tired 疲倦的 修饰人
2. peaceful 形容词 平静的;和平的
3. thrilling 形容词 令人震颤的;令人激动的
4. educational 形容词 有教育意义的
5. fascinating 形容词 迷人的
6. would like 表示征求意见 意为“想要” 近义词是want, 但语气上要比want委婉 would like sth.想要某东西如:Would you like a cup of tea?你想要一
杯茶吗?would like to do sth.想做某事如: ——Where would you like to
visit? ——I’d like to trek through the jungle. would like sb to do sth.想要某
人做某事如:I would like him to stay here.我想要他留在这儿。
7. Why not consider visiting Paris? 为什么不考虑参观巴黎?consider doing sth
8. take it easy 从容;不紧张
9. in general 大体上;一般来说
10. I hope to see Niagara Falls some day. 我希望有一天去看尼亚加拉大瀑布。
hope to do sth; hope that+句子 没有hope sb to do sth 的用法 some day=one day 有一天
11. I like places where the weather is always warm. 我喜欢天气一直温暖的地方。
12. touristy 形容词 游客众多的 tourist 名词 游客
13. I’d like to go 修饰不定代词时,形容词放在后面。
14. one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一 one of the most famous churches 最著名的教堂之一
15. quite an expensive place= a very expensive place=so expensive a place=such an expensive place 一个非常昂贵的地方
16. Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money, but it’s convenient to take the underground train.
打的环游巴黎可能要花很多钱,但是坐地铁更方便。
17. Unless you speak French yourself, it’s best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.
除非你自己会说英语,否则你最好和一个能为你翻译东西的人一起旅游。
translate 动词 翻译 translate…into… translator 名词 翻译家;翻译员
18. in eastern China=in the east of China=in the eastern part of China 在中国东部
19. provide me with some information=provide some information for me 给我提供一些信息
20. an inexpensive hotel 一个不贵的旅馆
21. Could you please give me some suggestions?
22. Isn’t it supposed tobe very hot? 难道不应该很热吗?be supposed to do=should do sth 被期望/要求;应该
23. pack light clothes 打包轻的衣服
24. We’d like to be away for three weeks.我们想离开三个星期
25. mind one’s doing sth 介意某人做某事
26. Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams, in which thousands of students across China took part.这儿是关于希望和梦想的调查发现,中国有数以千计的学生参加了这项调查
27. report 动词 名词 reporter 名词记者 It’s reported that…据报道
28. sail across the Pacific Ocean 航海渡过太平洋
29. computer programming 计算机编程
30. after finishing your education 在接受完你的教育后
31. hold on to my idea 坚持我的观点
32. be willing to do sth 乐意做;愿意做
33. on the other hand另一方面
34. It seems that some students would like to start work as soon as possible.
看起来一些同学想尽快开始工作。
35. continue doing sth=go on doing sth 继续做某事
Unit8 短语动词小结
1. 动词+副词 如give up 放弃 turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当
于及物动词,如果宾语是代词,只能放在动词和副词中间,如果是名词,则
既可以插在动词和副词之间,也可以放在副词后面
2. 动词+介词 如look at 看 belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词,后面
直接跟宾语
3. 动词+副词+介词 如 come up with 提出 run out of 用完 ,耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词)如 take part in 参加 catch hold of 抓住
1. cheer up 使(某人)高兴 ,振奋 cheer me up 使我振奋 clean up v.
打扫 clean-up n.打扫
2 homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
home n. 家
3. hand out 分发 hand out bananas
give out 分发 give out sth. to sb.把某物分给某人 give up
doing sth.放弃----give up smoking give away 赠送,捐赠 give away
sth. to sb. give away money to kids give sb. sth. 给某人某物 give
me money 给我钱 give sth.to sb 给某人某物give money to me 给
我钱
4,sick 生病的 adj. 作表语,定语 ill 生病的 adj. 作表语,不能作定语
5.volunteer to do v. 志愿效力,主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with =think up 提出,想出 catch up with 追上,赶上
7.put off doing 推迟 put on 穿上(动作) put up 张贴
8.write down 写下,记下
9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话
10. set up 建立,成立 The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座新医院建
立于2000年
11. help sb.(to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事=help sb. with sth
Help him (to) study 帮助他学习 help him with English help do
帮助做---
12. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing.= I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我打算去北京。
13.spend ------doing ------ 花费-----做我花了
一天游览北京。
spend------on sth 花费-----在---- I spent three years on English.
14. not only ------but (also)------不但------而且------ 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1) 引导以not only ------but (also)------开头的句子往往使用部分倒装,
因此Not only do I feel good ,but (also) ------是倒装句,也就是说得把前
面句子的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如 Not only can I do it,
but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到,而且做得最好。(2)Not
only------,but (also) ------连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词随后面的主
语的人称和数而变化,也就是遵循就近原则。如:Not only you but (also) 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。 Not only Lily but (also) you 不仅莉莉而且你喜欢猫。
常见的遵循就近原则的结构有:
Neither----nor------既不------也不------(两者都不)我和你都不喜欢他。 Neither you nor Bob likes him. 你和鲍勃都不喜欢
他。
Either ------or------不是------就是-------(两者中的任一个) Either Lily or you
are a student.不是莉莉是学生就是你是学生。
Not only ------but (also)------
There be ------有
There are twobooks and a pen on the table.
15. join 参加(指参加团体,组织)如 join the Party 入党
take part in 参加 (指参加活动)如 take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
16.run out of=use up 用完,用尽 mony. 我已经用完了钱。 run out 用完 主语为物 如:My mony has
run out. 我的钱已经用完了。 run away 逃跑 The monkey has run
away from the zoo.这只猴子已经从动物园逃跑了。run to +地点 跑到某地
17. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相像
take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 look for 寻找
18.fix up 修理 repair 修理
19. work out 算出 结局
The situation worked out quite well. 情况的结局非常好
Have you worked out this math problem? 你已经算出这道数学问题了吗?
20.call sb. up 给某人打电话 =call sb. =give sb. a telephone call
21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。
22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会
23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如: thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我
24. for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。
25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。
26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事,解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出这道数学问题,请你帮我解决。
28. train n. 火车
train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。
29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。
30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去)
some day 有一天(指将来) 如: One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。
31. specially adv. 特意地 专门地 特别地 special adj. 特别的
32. donation n. 捐赠物 donate v. 捐赠 赠送
33. part of speech 词性 词类
34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能
九年级英语 Unit9
1. 被动语态
(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
(2). 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词
(如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为:am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为:was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态:情态动词+ be + 过去分词
(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句
末,by 表示“由,被”的意思
如何理解被动语态?
为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
主动语态: 主语+ 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分
被动语态: 主语+ be +过去分词 + by +宾语 +其他成分
如: Many people speak English.
被动语态 English is spoken by many people. 主动语态该为被动语态,可按下面的方式进行: 主动句:主语 +及物动词 + 宾语
被动句:主语 +及物动词 + by宾语 具体步骤为:
(1).主动句的宾语改为被动句的主语,如为代词则应改为主格。
(2).把主动句的及物动词改为be + 过去分词,be动词的时态,须和主动句中
的及物动词的时态一致,be动词的人称、数需与被动句中的人称、数保持一致。
(3).主动句中的主语改为被动中的by的宾语,如果是人称代词则应用宾格。如: 主动句: Our teacher loves her students. 我们的老师爱她的学生。
被动句: 学生被老师所喜爱。 注:(1)主动语态中若含有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语),变成被动语态时,只能把复合宾语中的宾语变成被动语态中的主语,宾语补足语放在原地不动。如:We must keep our classroom clean. Our classroom must be kept clean. 有些动词,如see, noticed,watch,look at, let, make, have,hear,listen to,feel,help等在主动语态中后接不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式要省略to,但在被动语态中,
16. fall into 落入 掉进 如:The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒 如:She fell down from her bike.
她从她自行车摔倒了。
17. quite 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的后面
如: quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
very 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的前面
如: a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩
注:当不与冠词a 连用时,两者可以互用 如:
I am very happy.=== I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。
18. in the way 这样
19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快
pleasant adj. 愉快 高兴 指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快
please v. 使高兴 使同意
20. battery—operated adj. 电池控制的是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词
21. in the sixth century 在第6世纪 century 百年,世纪
22. travel around 周游
23. more than = over 超过 如: more than 300 = over 300 超过300
24. including prep. 介词 包括 可以与名词和动名词连用
如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。
25. have been played 被上演 是现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的结构:have /has been +过去分词 如This school 建立这所学校已经有二十四年了。
26. be born 出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生
27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的
28. knock into 撞上(某人)
29. divide sth. into … 将…划分成..
通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如:
Let’s divide ourselves into 4 groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。
30. since then 自从那以后 常与完成时态连用 如:
Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后,我已经离开了北京。
九年级英语 Unit10
1. 过去完成时
(1) 构成:由助动词had + 过去分词 构成
否定式:had not + 过去分词 缩写形式:hadn’t
(2) 用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
(3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示
③还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。
当我到达那里时,你已经开始吃了。
到他到达这里时,汽车已经离开了
2. by the time 直到…时候
指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间 如:
在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。
3. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点
而不是forget+地点 如:Unluckily, I left my book at home
. 不幸的是,我把书忘在家里了。
4. close v. 关 adv. 接近地 靠近地 closed adj. 关的
5. come out 出来
6. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟 in time 及时 指在时限到来之前
7. luckily adv. 幸运地 lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 好运
8. give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 如:
He often gives me a ride to school. 他经常让我搭便车去学校。
9. only just 刚刚好、恰好
10. go off (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了。
11. break down 坏掉
12. fool n. 傻子 呆子 v. 愚弄 欺骗 如: He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。 We can’t fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)
13. show up 出现 出席 She didn’t show up last night. 昨晚她没有出现 stay up 熬夜
14. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某做事 如:
My friend invited me to watch TV. 我的朋友邀请我看电视。
15.sth. happened to sb 某人发生了什么事。如:What happened to you? 你发生了什么事?
16. set off 激起 出发 set up 建立
17.hundreds of 成百上千的 类似的表达有:thousands of成千上万的,millions
of数以百万计的,billions of 数以十亿计的 当此类数词被具体的数字修饰时,去-s并且去of 如:五百学生类
18. ①so … that 如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词、副词.
②so that作“为了”时,引导目的状语从句,从句常出现情态动词,
作结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用情态动词 。
如:
为了能赶上车,她起得很早。(目的状语从句)
She was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)=She was too sad to say a word.
19. flee from 从…逃跑 避开 如:They fled from their home. 他们从他们的家里逃了出来。
20. thrill v . 使人非常激动,使人非常紧张
thrilled adj. 指某人感到激动或感到紧张
thrilling adj. 指某事物使人心情激动
21. marry 动词 married 形容词 marry sb.与某人结婚get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚
22. convince v. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的
23. land v. 着落 n. 陆地,国土 如; 来自火星的外星人在地球上着落了We’re the land of the watches, after all.毕竟,我们是生产手表的国土。
24. be late for 迟到
25. a piece of 一片/块/张 如: a piece of paper/ bread
一张纸/ 一块面包
九年级上英语要点复习 Unit1
1. by + doing 通过……方式 如:by studying with a group by 还可以表示:“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、” “经过”、“乘车”等 如:I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about 谈论,议论,讨论 如:The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子: ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如:What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如:Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如:Why not go shopping? ④Let’s + do sth. 如: Let’s go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如:I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如:I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 三个词都与
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大
声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不 根本不 如: I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth.
= be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 如: I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。
9. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事,结束做某事 如: The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ② end up with sth. 以…结束 如:
The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
10. first of all 首先 . to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随
11. also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中间 either 也(用于否定句)常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末
12. make mistakes 犯错 如:I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误 如: I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话;取笑(某人) 如:Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记,做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… 如: She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如:He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。
16. native speaker 说本族语的人
17. make up 组成、构成
1
18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 …其中(最…….)之一
如: She is one of the most popular teachers.
她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
19. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 如:It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。
句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事 如:
She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。
21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如:
LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
22. unless 假如不,除非 引导条件状语从句
如:You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力,你会失败。
I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写,要不我不写
23. deal with 处理 如:I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事
如:Mother worried about his son just now.
妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。
25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如: I was angry with her. 我对她生气。 26. perhaps = maybe 也许
27. go by (时间) 过去 如: Two years went by. 两年过去了。28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生
see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如:
如: She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.
2
她看见他正在教室里画画。 29. each other 彼此
30. regard… as … 把…看作为…. 如:
The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many 许多 修饰可数名词 如:too many girls
too much 许多 修饰不可数名词 如:too much milk much too 太 修饰形容词 如:much too beautiful 32. change… into… 将…变为…
如:The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。
33. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 如:with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help 在李雷的帮助下
34. compare … to … 把…与…相比
如:Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比,你是幸运的。
35. instead 代替 用在句末,副词(字面上常不译出来)
instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替,而不是 用在句中,动词
如:Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I’m going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。
He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。
Unit2
1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定形式: didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth.
如:He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句
①肯定陈述句+否定提问 如:Lily a student, t she? Lily will go to China, she? ②否定陈述句+肯定提问 如:
She You haven’t finished homework, have you?
③提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isn’t little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如:
他一点也不懂英语,不是吗? 他们几乎不明白,不是吗?
3.play the + 乐器类 play the piano 弹钢琴 play +球类 play basketball
4. interested adj. 感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人,常用搭配:①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
如:He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。 interesting adj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物。 如:The book is interesting. 这本书很有趣。 Interest( 1) 作动词, 使------感兴趣 如:Your opinions interest me.你的观点使我感兴趣。 (2)作名词,兴趣,爱好 常用搭配: 5. still 仍然,还
用在be 动词的后面 如:I’m still a student. 用在行为动词的前面 如:I still love him. 6. the dark 天黑,晚上,黑暗
7. 害怕… be terrified/afraid of sth. 如:I am terrified/afraid of the dog. be terrified/afraid of doing sth. 如:I am terrified/afraid of speaking. 8. on 副词,表示(电灯、电视、机械等)在运转中/打开, 其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着
9. walk to +地方 步行到某处 接副词时省to walk to school 步行到学校 walk home/here/there 10.worry 担忧 动词 worried 忧虑的 形容词 如:我以前常担忧考试。 11. spend 动词,表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费(金钱、时间)
②spend…doing sth. 花费(金钱、时间)去做某事 如: He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
pay for 花费 如:I paid 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。 12. take 动词 有“花费”的意思 常用的结构有:
take sb. … to do sth. 如:It takes me a day to read the book. take sb to+地方 如:A person took him to the hospil.一个人把他送到了医院。Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to) 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如:I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事 worry 是动词
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worried 是形容词 如:Don’t worry about him. 不用担心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。 15. all the time 一直、始终 16. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少
hardly 修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前
助动词/情态动词+hardly
hardly + 实义动词 如:
I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。 I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。 17. miss v. 思念、想念、 错过
18. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内,常与完成时连用 如: I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。
19. be different from 与…不同 the same as -------与------相同 20. how to swim 怎样游泳
不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问词连用,构成不定式短语。如:
问题是什么时候开始。 I don’t know 我不知道去哪。 21. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh.
22. move to +地方 搬到某地 如:I moved to Beijing last year. 23 help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事
help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事
She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。
She helped me (to) study English。 她帮助我学习英语。 24. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 15岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄 15岁 如: a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。 I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
25.支付不起… can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth. can’t / couldn’t afford sth. 如:I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car.
I can’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。 26. as + 形容词./副词+as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力 如: Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。 27. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 28. in the end 最后
29. make a decision 下决定 下决心 30. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶 如:
to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei’s surprise令李雷惊讶 31. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 = be proud of 如:
His father always take pride in him.=His father is always proud of him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪
32. pay attention to sth. 对…注意,留心 如:
You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。
33. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如: She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 34. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 如:
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。 35.不再 ①no more = no longer 如:
I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 ②not …any more =not …any longer 如:
I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡 Unit3 1.语态:
①英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
(主动语态)猫吃鱼。 主 谓 宾
by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 ②被动语态的构成
由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 am/ is/are +过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. 一般过去时 was /were+过去分词 This bridge was built in 1989.
情态动词can/should/may/must +be+过去分词 The work must be done right now.
③被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(主动语态)如:
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态)如: LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使(别人)做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)= have sth. done 如: I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词+enough 如:beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough+名词 如:enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够…去做… 如:
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。
stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。 6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句
He seems to feel very sad.= It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。
7. 系动词不能独立作谓语,要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有:look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外,一般都是接形容词。 如:
They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.
8. 倒装句:
由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语 意为:…也是一样 She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了
She will go to school. So will he. 她将去上学,他也是。 so 表示前句情况属实,的确如此,用陈述语序。
例句:——He works hard. 他学习很努力。 ——So he does. 他的确很努力。 综合考法:——Ann has made great progress recently. —— and A. So has she; so have you B So has she; so you have C So she has; so have you
解析:选C。句意:安最近取得了很大进步。她的确如此,你也是如此。 9. yet ,仍然,还,常用在否定句或疑问句中。 10.stay up 熬夜 如:I often stay up till 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到12 点。
11.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 如Mother is strict with her son be strict in sth 对某物要求严格 如:The teachers are strict in their work. 12.take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败 13.the other day 前几天=a few days ago 常和过去时态连用 14.both……and+动词复数形式 如: Both Jim and Liming basketball. 15.learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(某物) 如:Tom learnt English from his
English teacher.汤姆向他的英语老师学习了英语。 16. have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 =have a chance of doing sth. 如: I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. = I have a chance of going to Beijing.我有机会去北京。 17. take/have a day off 请一天假;休息一天
18. Only then can he achieve his dream. only 引导短语做状语且放句首,主句用部分倒装语序。 Unit 4
1. ——What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百万你做什么?
——I would put it in a bank. 我会存在银行里。
虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。主句用would+动词原形,从句用一般过去式,be动词都用were。
比较下列各题:
a. b. I don’t know if(是否) he will come. If(如果 you. c. I’ll invite Lucy to my party. What if she doesn’t come (not come). 2. medical research 医学研究
3. He doesn’t know what to wear.他不知道穿什么。
4. 如果其他人都带礼物怎么办?
someone else’s tie 某个其他人的领带
5. I’m too tired to do well. (too…to…太„而不能)= I am so tired that I can’t
do well. (so…that…如此„以至于)
6. confident 形容词 有信心的 confidence 名词 信心 7. energetic 形容词 有活力的 energy 名词 活力;能量
8. without permission 未经允许 People can’t live if there is no air or water.
= People can’t live without air or water.
9. bother 动词 打扰 I’m sorry to bother you. 很抱歉打扰你。 10. get annoyed 生气
11. not…in the slightest=not…at all 一点也不
12. plenty of 足够的 修饰可数名词和不可数名词 There is plenty of rain/money.
13. Mary is easy to get along with. Mary 很容易相处。 get along (well/bad) with=get on (well/bad) with与„相处
14. I would rather stay at home than go to the party. 我宁愿呆在家里也不要去参加聚会。
宁愿做„„而不愿做„„ would rather do…than do…=would like to do…than do…=prefer to do…rather than do…
15. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 borrow和lend都是非延续性动词,不能和时间段连用。 keep 保存;保管 延续性动词,可以与时间段连用。例:我保管那本书三个星期了。
16. What is he like? (他是什么样的人?强调询问性格) = What does he look like? (他长得怎么样?强调询问外貌)
17. I’d introduce myself. 我将做自我介绍。introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
18. knowledgeable 形容词 知识渊博的
19. “the rest” 或”the rest of the +名词”做主语时,谓语动词的数与the rest 代表的名词的数保持一致。
例:Have half of the bread. The rest tomorrow. A are B is C be 解析:选B,the rest 指剩下的面包
20. cover the table with a cloth 用布盖上桌子
21. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb offer 动词 提供;供给 22. refuse 动词 拒绝
23. let…down 让„失望;沮丧 I don’t want to let my parents down. 我不想让我的父母失望。
24. come up with=think of 想出;提出 常用come up with good ideas/
solutions 想出好主意/好的解决办法 25. come out 出版;发行
26. He has a lot of experience dealing with teenagers. 他处理青少年的问题很有经验
have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 做某事很有经验
27. It gives advice on what to do. 它给出了要做什么的建议。
on 关于 侧重于专门论及;about 侧重于泛泛而谈。 28. nervous 形容词 紧张的 29. listener 名词 听众
30. helpful 形容词 有帮助的;有用的
31. He didn’t know what he should do. (同义句) He didn’t know what to do. 32. go downstairs 下楼 33. hurt 受伤
Unit5
1. a. must 一定 表示有把握的推测 b. may ,can 可能
c. could, might 可能 用于过去式,有时表示语气委婉,用could,might代替can, may d. can’t 不可能
注意:The notebook must be Mary’s, isn’t it? 情态动词表示推断,反义疑问句不能用情态动词,而用实义动词 2. possibly 副词
3. anxious 形容词 焦虑的 be anxious about sth 4. hair band 发带
5. in the symphony hall在交响乐大厅 6. at the picnic 在野餐会
7. at your optometrist(验光师) appointment(约会;预约) 在验光师那里配眼镜
8. author 作者
9. Whose volleyball is this?= Who does this volleyball belong to?= Who is the owner(物主) of this volleyball? 是谁的棒球
It must be Carla’s. = It must belong to Carla. 一定是卡拉的。
10. She’s worried because of her test. 她因为测试而担心。because+句子,
不与so连用;because of +短语
11. It’s crucial(关键的) that I study for it because it makes up (组成)30% of the final exam.
12. chase 动词 追赶
13. 例1 ——When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?
—— is OK. I’m free these days. A .Both B. All C. Either D. Neither
解析:选C 句意为 我们什么时候去博物馆,今天下午还是明天早上?哪个时间都行,我这几天都有空。
both 两者都,用动词复数; all 三者或以上,用动词复数 ; either 两者中任何一个,用动词单数; neither 两者都不, 用动词单数
例2 Lucy Lily may go dancing with you, because they are not allowed to go out on school nights.
A Either, or B Neither, nor C Both, and D Not only, but also 解析:选B 句意为Lucy和Lily都不能和你去跳舞,因为他们在上学的晚上不允许外出。
A或者„或者 B 既不„也不 C 两者都 D 不仅„而且 其中ABD选项连接两个主语用就近原则 C 连接两个主语用动词复数。 14. catch a bus 追赶公共汽车
15. extremely(非常 副词) worried 极度担心
16. He is interviewed by the local newspaper. 他被当地报社采访了。 17. a strange creature 一个奇怪的生物
18. noise 噪音 可数/不可数 sound 自然界的任何声音 voice 人说话唱歌的声音,也指鸟鸣声
19. next door neighbor 隔壁邻居 in our neighborhood 在我们的小区 20. It must be teenagers having fun. 一定是青少年在恶作剧
21. There must be something visiting the homes. 一定有人来到了住宅里。
There be sb/sth doing sth 有„在做„ 22. the director of the zoo 动物园主管
23. Three monkeys escaped from the zoo. 三个猴子从动物园里逃了出来。 24. a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 25. pretend 动词 假装 You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep. 你叫不醒一个假装入睡的人。(强扭的瓜不甜) 26. use up 用光 用尽 27. finger 手指 28. stone 石头 29. ocean 海洋
30. smell 名词 气味; 感官动词 闻起来 例:The dish smells good. 菜闻起来很香。
31. Lucy’s little brother has never heard of the story. (反意疑问句) Lucy’s little 32. He can hardly speak English. (反意疑问句) He can speak Unit 6
1. 定语从句
1当先行词是人时:a,做主语用who/that 后面紧跟动词 b,做宾语用who/whom/that c, 做定语用whose 后面有名词
注意:做介词的宾语且介词提到关系词前时,只能用whom,不能用who。 例:Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.
2当先行词是物时,关系词用that/which, 下列五种特殊情况只能用that,不能用which
a. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 b. 先行词被序数词修饰 c. 先行词被the only,the very,the same 修饰
d. 先行词被all, no, everything, anything, nothing, little, few, much, the one
等修饰时
e. 先行词既有人也有物
2. ——What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐?
——我喜欢我能跟着唱的音乐。
我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。
I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我喜欢有好歌词的音乐。
3. prefer 动词 更喜欢(1)prefer A to B=like A better than B
(2)prefer doing sth to doing sth
(3)prefer to do sth
(4)prefer to do sth rather than do sth
4. remind sb of sth/sb 让某人想起 The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music. 那首曲子让我想起巴西舞曲。
5. ——What do you think of it? 你认为它怎么样?——I enjoy it a lot. 我非常喜欢。
你认为„„怎么样?What do you think of…?= How do you like…?
6. look for entertainment 找乐子
7. a world-class photographer 一个世界级的摄影师
8. As the name suggests(暗示;表明), the band has lots of energy. 正如名字所表明的,那个乐队充满活力。
9. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition. 无论你做什么都不要错过这次展览。whatever=no matter what
10. be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
11. The story interests me. =The story is interesting to me.= I’m interested in the story. = I take an interest in the story.
12. It does have a few good features, though.但是它的确有几个优点。强调句用do/does/did+动词原形
though=although 尽管 虽然,不能与but连用
13. one of the best-known photographers=one of the most famous photographers 最著名的摄影师之一
one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 意为最„„中的一个
14. on display=on show 展览 陈列
15. make sb do sth; make+名词+形容词 The news make me happy. 那个消息让我高兴。
16. I eat maily fruits and vegetables. 我主要吃水果和蔬菜。
17. to be honest 说实话
18 be in agreement 意见一致
19. stay away from 远离 与„„保持距离
20. increase the risk of cancer 增加致癌危险
21. taste 感官动词 尝起来;例:The food tastes good and sells well. 那种食物尝起来不错买得很好。(taste+形容词,而sell是实义动词,用副词well修饰) tasty 形容词 美味可口的
例题 I only eat food that tastes (taste) good. 我只吃尝起来美味的食物。 这个人说美味的食物对你有害。
22. expect 动词 期望
23 learn by heart 用心学习
24. suit 名词 套装; 动词 适合 suit sb fine/well 非常适合某人
考点; The color of your bag doesn’t suit(适合) your suit (衣服)well. 你包的颜色跟你的衣服颜色不配。
25. Zhou Jielun is a singer who (write) his own music. 答案:writes Look!The children who (play) happily lost their parents in the earthquake. 答案:are playing
I like music that great lyrics. (have) 答案:has
解析:当关系词做主语时,定语从句的谓语动词与先行词单复数一致。
Unit 7
1. tiring 累人的 修饰物; tired 疲倦的 修饰人
2. peaceful 形容词 平静的;和平的
3. thrilling 形容词 令人震颤的;令人激动的
4. educational 形容词 有教育意义的
5. fascinating 形容词 迷人的
6. would like 表示征求意见 意为“想要” 近义词是want, 但语气上要比want委婉 would like sth.想要某东西如:Would you like a cup of tea?你想要一
杯茶吗?would like to do sth.想做某事如: ——Where would you like to
visit? ——I’d like to trek through the jungle. would like sb to do sth.想要某
人做某事如:I would like him to stay here.我想要他留在这儿。
7. Why not consider visiting Paris? 为什么不考虑参观巴黎?consider doing sth
8. take it easy 从容;不紧张
9. in general 大体上;一般来说
10. I hope to see Niagara Falls some day. 我希望有一天去看尼亚加拉大瀑布。
hope to do sth; hope that+句子 没有hope sb to do sth 的用法 some day=one day 有一天
11. I like places where the weather is always warm. 我喜欢天气一直温暖的地方。
12. touristy 形容词 游客众多的 tourist 名词 游客
13. I’d like to go 修饰不定代词时,形容词放在后面。
14. one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一 one of the most famous churches 最著名的教堂之一
15. quite an expensive place= a very expensive place=so expensive a place=such an expensive place 一个非常昂贵的地方
16. Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money, but it’s convenient to take the underground train.
打的环游巴黎可能要花很多钱,但是坐地铁更方便。
17. Unless you speak French yourself, it’s best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.
除非你自己会说英语,否则你最好和一个能为你翻译东西的人一起旅游。
translate 动词 翻译 translate…into… translator 名词 翻译家;翻译员
18. in eastern China=in the east of China=in the eastern part of China 在中国东部
19. provide me with some information=provide some information for me 给我提供一些信息
20. an inexpensive hotel 一个不贵的旅馆
21. Could you please give me some suggestions?
22. Isn’t it supposed tobe very hot? 难道不应该很热吗?be supposed to do=should do sth 被期望/要求;应该
23. pack light clothes 打包轻的衣服
24. We’d like to be away for three weeks.我们想离开三个星期
25. mind one’s doing sth 介意某人做某事
26. Here are some of the findings of a survey about hopes and dreams, in which thousands of students across China took part.这儿是关于希望和梦想的调查发现,中国有数以千计的学生参加了这项调查
27. report 动词 名词 reporter 名词记者 It’s reported that…据报道
28. sail across the Pacific Ocean 航海渡过太平洋
29. computer programming 计算机编程
30. after finishing your education 在接受完你的教育后
31. hold on to my idea 坚持我的观点
32. be willing to do sth 乐意做;愿意做
33. on the other hand另一方面
34. It seems that some students would like to start work as soon as possible.
看起来一些同学想尽快开始工作。
35. continue doing sth=go on doing sth 继续做某事
Unit8 短语动词小结
1. 动词+副词 如give up 放弃 turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当
于及物动词,如果宾语是代词,只能放在动词和副词中间,如果是名词,则
既可以插在动词和副词之间,也可以放在副词后面
2. 动词+介词 如look at 看 belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词,后面
直接跟宾语
3. 动词+副词+介词 如 come up with 提出 run out of 用完 ,耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词)如 take part in 参加 catch hold of 抓住
1. cheer up 使(某人)高兴 ,振奋 cheer me up 使我振奋 clean up v.
打扫 clean-up n.打扫
2 homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
home n. 家
3. hand out 分发 hand out bananas
give out 分发 give out sth. to sb.把某物分给某人 give up
doing sth.放弃----give up smoking give away 赠送,捐赠 give away
sth. to sb. give away money to kids give sb. sth. 给某人某物 give
me money 给我钱 give sth.to sb 给某人某物give money to me 给
我钱
4,sick 生病的 adj. 作表语,定语 ill 生病的 adj. 作表语,不能作定语
5.volunteer to do v. 志愿效力,主动贡献 volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with =think up 提出,想出 catch up with 追上,赶上
7.put off doing 推迟 put on 穿上(动作) put up 张贴
8.write down 写下,记下
9. call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话
10. set up 建立,成立 The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座新医院建
立于2000年
11. help sb.(to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事=help sb. with sth
Help him (to) study 帮助他学习 help him with English help do
帮助做---
12. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing.= I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我打算去北京。
13.spend ------doing ------ 花费-----做我花了
一天游览北京。
spend------on sth 花费-----在---- I spent three years on English.
14. not only ------but (also)------不但------而且------ 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1) 引导以not only ------but (also)------开头的句子往往使用部分倒装,
因此Not only do I feel good ,but (also) ------是倒装句,也就是说得把前
面句子的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如 Not only can I do it,
but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到,而且做得最好。(2)Not
only------,but (also) ------连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词随后面的主
语的人称和数而变化,也就是遵循就近原则。如:Not only you but (also) 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。 Not only Lily but (also) you 不仅莉莉而且你喜欢猫。
常见的遵循就近原则的结构有:
Neither----nor------既不------也不------(两者都不)我和你都不喜欢他。 Neither you nor Bob likes him. 你和鲍勃都不喜欢
他。
Either ------or------不是------就是-------(两者中的任一个) Either Lily or you
are a student.不是莉莉是学生就是你是学生。
Not only ------but (also)------
There be ------有
There are twobooks and a pen on the table.
15. join 参加(指参加团体,组织)如 join the Party 入党
take part in 参加 (指参加活动)如 take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
16.run out of=use up 用完,用尽 mony. 我已经用完了钱。 run out 用完 主语为物 如:My mony has
run out. 我的钱已经用完了。 run away 逃跑 The monkey has run
away from the zoo.这只猴子已经从动物园逃跑了。run to +地点 跑到某地
17. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相像
take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 look for 寻找
18.fix up 修理 repair 修理
19. work out 算出 结局
The situation worked out quite well. 情况的结局非常好
Have you worked out this math problem? 你已经算出这道数学问题了吗?
20.call sb. up 给某人打电话 =call sb. =give sb. a telephone call
21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。
22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会
23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如: thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我
24. for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。
25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。
26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事,解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出这道数学问题,请你帮我解决。
28. train n. 火车
train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。
29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。
30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去)
some day 有一天(指将来) 如: One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。
31. specially adv. 特意地 专门地 特别地 special adj. 特别的
32. donation n. 捐赠物 donate v. 捐赠 赠送
33. part of speech 词性 词类
34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能
九年级英语 Unit9
1. 被动语态
(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
(2). 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词
(如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为:am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为:was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态:情态动词+ be + 过去分词
(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句
末,by 表示“由,被”的意思
如何理解被动语态?
为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
主动语态: 主语+ 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分
被动语态: 主语+ be +过去分词 + by +宾语 +其他成分
如: Many people speak English.
被动语态 English is spoken by many people. 主动语态该为被动语态,可按下面的方式进行: 主动句:主语 +及物动词 + 宾语
被动句:主语 +及物动词 + by宾语 具体步骤为:
(1).主动句的宾语改为被动句的主语,如为代词则应改为主格。
(2).把主动句的及物动词改为be + 过去分词,be动词的时态,须和主动句中
的及物动词的时态一致,be动词的人称、数需与被动句中的人称、数保持一致。
(3).主动句中的主语改为被动中的by的宾语,如果是人称代词则应用宾格。如: 主动句: Our teacher loves her students. 我们的老师爱她的学生。
被动句: 学生被老师所喜爱。 注:(1)主动语态中若含有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语),变成被动语态时,只能把复合宾语中的宾语变成被动语态中的主语,宾语补足语放在原地不动。如:We must keep our classroom clean. Our classroom must be kept clean. 有些动词,如see, noticed,watch,look at, let, make, have,hear,listen to,feel,help等在主动语态中后接不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式要省略to,但在被动语态中,
16. fall into 落入 掉进 如:The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒 如:She fell down from her bike.
她从她自行车摔倒了。
17. quite 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的后面
如: quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
very 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时,冠词a必须放在它的前面
如: a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩
注:当不与冠词a 连用时,两者可以互用 如:
I am very happy.=== I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。
18. in the way 这样
19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快
pleasant adj. 愉快 高兴 指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快
please v. 使高兴 使同意
20. battery—operated adj. 电池控制的是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词
21. in the sixth century 在第6世纪 century 百年,世纪
22. travel around 周游
23. more than = over 超过 如: more than 300 = over 300 超过300
24. including prep. 介词 包括 可以与名词和动名词连用
如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。
25. have been played 被上演 是现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的结构:have /has been +过去分词 如This school 建立这所学校已经有二十四年了。
26. be born 出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生
27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的
28. knock into 撞上(某人)
29. divide sth. into … 将…划分成..
通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如:
Let’s divide ourselves into 4 groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。
30. since then 自从那以后 常与完成时态连用 如:
Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后,我已经离开了北京。
九年级英语 Unit10
1. 过去完成时
(1) 构成:由助动词had + 过去分词 构成
否定式:had not + 过去分词 缩写形式:hadn’t
(2) 用法 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
(3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示
②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示
③还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。
当我到达那里时,你已经开始吃了。
到他到达这里时,汽车已经离开了
2. by the time 直到…时候
指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间 如:
在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。
3. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点
而不是forget+地点 如:Unluckily, I left my book at home
. 不幸的是,我把书忘在家里了。
4. close v. 关 adv. 接近地 靠近地 closed adj. 关的
5. come out 出来
6. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟 in time 及时 指在时限到来之前
7. luckily adv. 幸运地 lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 好运
8. give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 如:
He often gives me a ride to school. 他经常让我搭便车去学校。
9. only just 刚刚好、恰好
10. go off (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了。
11. break down 坏掉
12. fool n. 傻子 呆子 v. 愚弄 欺骗 如: He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。 We can’t fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)
13. show up 出现 出席 She didn’t show up last night. 昨晚她没有出现 stay up 熬夜
14. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某做事 如:
My friend invited me to watch TV. 我的朋友邀请我看电视。
15.sth. happened to sb 某人发生了什么事。如:What happened to you? 你发生了什么事?
16. set off 激起 出发 set up 建立
17.hundreds of 成百上千的 类似的表达有:thousands of成千上万的,millions
of数以百万计的,billions of 数以十亿计的 当此类数词被具体的数字修饰时,去-s并且去of 如:五百学生类
18. ①so … that 如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词、副词.
②so that作“为了”时,引导目的状语从句,从句常出现情态动词,
作结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用情态动词 。
如:
为了能赶上车,她起得很早。(目的状语从句)
She was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)=She was too sad to say a word.
19. flee from 从…逃跑 避开 如:They fled from their home. 他们从他们的家里逃了出来。
20. thrill v . 使人非常激动,使人非常紧张
thrilled adj. 指某人感到激动或感到紧张
thrilling adj. 指某事物使人心情激动
21. marry 动词 married 形容词 marry sb.与某人结婚get/be married to sb. 与某人结婚
22. convince v. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的
23. land v. 着落 n. 陆地,国土 如; 来自火星的外星人在地球上着落了We’re the land of the watches, after all.毕竟,我们是生产手表的国土。
24. be late for 迟到
25. a piece of 一片/块/张 如: a piece of paper/ bread
一张纸/ 一块面包