Unit 1
welcome vocational glad meet look classroom building lab floor large bright class
library lot read study after see next
dormitory dining-hall bedroom let play basketball playground way foot ball every love hard thank visit time nice want great how later blackboard
desk chair seat
handsome young man Unit 2
grandfather grandmother uncle manager doctor family picture woman over both retire kind always housework parent enjoy live grandparents together stand behind company also age lively interesting popular right tall thin wear
T-shirt rather cool medical college dream pretty hair left guess full warmth arm
meter body eye nose glasses
Unit 3
letter dear greeting concern tell learn cooking month ago when get everything strange speak
understand follow feel nervous luckily
friendly show help classmate well usually sometimes skill
training center practice often activity city language weekend beautiful sightseeing along miss telephone number e-mail address send message wish Unit 4
gift plane airport hear because forward leave computer problem
answer worry enough game line pal joy suddenly remember god already terrible hurry hour late find lunch talk delight busy taxi ashamed angry /anger sit money matter table railway station train arrival information ticket
breakfast supper diary minute news
homework
Unit 5
favorite food glass cola ice chip hamburger milk bowl rice fish people different country eat hot
American Englishman dog fried chicken pizza Italian Japanese north dumpling important festival especially member during couple
restaurant order save
become cream potato health fact junk think waiter meal tea menu hungry beer favor lend certainly pleasure clean
Unit 6
season warm weather cold sunny cloudy fruit rain rainy snow snowy wind windy spring summer autumn winter March May hometown quite field grow turn
green flower start plant April world bring hope seaside vacation stay hotel near sea swim
seafood harvest farmer short skate ski sports sweet grape melon heavy Sydney change never reply
Unit 7
Internet ATM USB net bar dark screen trouble word down
business wait Paris book office sell write allow around passenger just drink coffee trip whether take flight either sir idea without point should clear person job wonderful machine manage course ill pity
birthday party forget mind deal forgive mention mistake Unit 8
brave boss driver easy hard fair question agree remind high challenge challenging place youth expensive experience expect perfect American-born break neck accident since wheelchair finish education success
successful independence overcome difficulty finally program
phD program active scientist fail failure blame else exam
noise fix care wrong poor spell lose really Unit 9
thought fight quarrel temper lose one’s temper bag nail hammer fence listen to drive less following pull temper able hand lead hole anger scar wound still hurt physical rare
jewel smile again touch mean happen
fault purpose apologize slowly catch pardon beg meaning solve Unit 10
Spirit marathon Athens Olympic The Olympic Games flame ring
kilometer race ancient Greece Persian BC
fierce battle Greek call fighting win soldier victory distance mile
eager soon possible whole stop tired move shout fall die
story modern hold end century event recall glory runner foot strike exhausted once fit strengthen will
develop
Unit 11
Friendship honest wise rich smart funny make friends part clearly few a few freely childhood
recently choose playmate chess partner close share sorrow rely need willing treasure yet French writer walk beside upset simply apology
Unit12
Christmas Thanksgiving date lunar January December November Thursday spend holiday
calendar celebrate happily far away Eve
east west prepare celebration sweep luck past traditional clothes hang lantern yard paste colorful paper-cut window couplet side reunion happiness delicious dance midnight cracker fire work early dress senior express neighbor relative lucky tender sentiment culture custom card
management merry prize contest congratulation abroad moonlight pay
bill
一、十六种时态的谓语形势
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often,
sometimes, every week (day, year, month„), once a week, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+ not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
一般现在时主要表示经常性的动作或存在的状态，还可用来表示普遍真理。
The Yangtze rises in Qinghai.
Actions speak louder than words.
We have friends all over the world.
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month„), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
该时态主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。 It’s a pity that you did not go to the movie.
Many people died in the tsunami that took place in Thailand.
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行
为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+ doing
主要表示现在或现时刻这一阶段正在进行的动作，有时候还用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
How are things getting on with you?
Someone is asking for you on the phone. They are publishing a new version of the playscript by Taso Yu this autumn.
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+ doing
主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
At that time she was working as an assistant in a physics labarory.
They took us to see the chemical fibre mill that they were building.
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately,
since„for„,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done
主要表示此刻以前曾经发生的动作或情况。如：
Grain output has greatly increased in the past few years. The area has suffered from disastrous floods throughout its history.
注意：过去时和现在完成时的区别： 现完成时的基本特点是它和现在有密切的联系，或是指迄今为止这一段时间的情况，或是过去发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果等。而过去时主要强调过去某时刻所发生的动作或情况，与现在没有任何联系。如： Up till now we have planted over 10,000 apple trees.
I saw him a minute ago.
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month„),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
主要表示过去某时刻前业已完成的动作或存在的状态，其实就是指过去的过去。使用
时往往要要在从句中或有一个明确的过去时间状语。
Before daybreak they had covered half the distance.
No sooner had the rain stopped than they set out again.
He had not learned any English before he came to the university.
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, in a few minutes, by„,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
它表示将要发生的动作或情况。
They will sit the post-graduate examinations next autumn.
The teacher will not let me go home before I have finished my homework.
八、现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由have（has）been加动词的现在分词构成，表示发生在过去的某个动作延续到现在或刚刚完成，或许还要继续延续。这种时态侧重于这个动作的连续性，或者说不间断性。例如：
I’ve been waiting for you for the whole morning.
It has been raining for three days. Where have you been?
She has been busy preparing the exhibition since we met last time.
Unit 1
welcome vocational glad meet look classroom building lab floor large bright class
library lot read study after see next
dormitory dining-hall bedroom let play basketball playground way foot ball every love hard thank visit time nice want great how later blackboard
desk chair seat
handsome young man Unit 2
grandfather grandmother uncle manager doctor family picture woman over both retire kind always housework parent enjoy live grandparents together stand behind company also age lively interesting popular right tall thin wear
T-shirt rather cool medical college dream pretty hair left guess full warmth arm
meter body eye nose glasses
Unit 3
letter dear greeting concern tell learn cooking month ago when get everything strange speak
understand follow feel nervous luckily
friendly show help classmate well usually sometimes skill
training center practice often activity city language weekend beautiful sightseeing along miss telephone number e-mail address send message wish Unit 4
gift plane airport hear because forward leave computer problem
answer worry enough game line pal joy suddenly remember god already terrible hurry hour late find lunch talk delight busy taxi ashamed angry /anger sit money matter table railway station train arrival information ticket
breakfast supper diary minute news
homework
Unit 5
favorite food glass cola ice chip hamburger milk bowl rice fish people different country eat hot
American Englishman dog fried chicken pizza Italian Japanese north dumpling important festival especially member during couple
restaurant order save
become cream potato health fact junk think waiter meal tea menu hungry beer favor lend certainly pleasure clean
Unit 6
season warm weather cold sunny cloudy fruit rain rainy snow snowy wind windy spring summer autumn winter March May hometown quite field grow turn
green flower start plant April world bring hope seaside vacation stay hotel near sea swim
seafood harvest farmer short skate ski sports sweet grape melon heavy Sydney change never reply
Unit 7
Internet ATM USB net bar dark screen trouble word down
business wait Paris book office sell write allow around passenger just drink coffee trip whether take flight either sir idea without point should clear person job wonderful machine manage course ill pity
birthday party forget mind deal forgive mention mistake Unit 8
brave boss driver easy hard fair question agree remind high challenge challenging place youth expensive experience expect perfect American-born break neck accident since wheelchair finish education success
successful independence overcome difficulty finally program
phD program active scientist fail failure blame else exam
noise fix care wrong poor spell lose really Unit 9
thought fight quarrel temper lose one’s temper bag nail hammer fence listen to drive less following pull temper able hand lead hole anger scar wound still hurt physical rare
jewel smile again touch mean happen
fault purpose apologize slowly catch pardon beg meaning solve Unit 10
Spirit marathon Athens Olympic The Olympic Games flame ring
kilometer race ancient Greece Persian BC
fierce battle Greek call fighting win soldier victory distance mile
eager soon possible whole stop tired move shout fall die
story modern hold end century event recall glory runner foot strike exhausted once fit strengthen will
develop
Unit 11
Friendship honest wise rich smart funny make friends part clearly few a few freely childhood
recently choose playmate chess partner close share sorrow rely need willing treasure yet French writer walk beside upset simply apology
Unit12
Christmas Thanksgiving date lunar January December November Thursday spend holiday
calendar celebrate happily far away Eve
east west prepare celebration sweep luck past traditional clothes hang lantern yard paste colorful paper-cut window couplet side reunion happiness delicious dance midnight cracker fire work early dress senior express neighbor relative lucky tender sentiment culture custom card
management merry prize contest congratulation abroad moonlight pay
bill
一、十六种时态的谓语形势
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often,
sometimes, every week (day, year, month„), once a week, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+ not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
一般现在时主要表示经常性的动作或存在的状态，还可用来表示普遍真理。
The Yangtze rises in Qinghai.
Actions speak louder than words.
We have friends all over the world.
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month„), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
该时态主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。 It’s a pity that you did not go to the movie.
Many people died in the tsunami that took place in Thailand.
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行
为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+ doing
主要表示现在或现时刻这一阶段正在进行的动作，有时候还用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
How are things getting on with you?
Someone is asking for you on the phone. They are publishing a new version of the playscript by Taso Yu this autumn.
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+ doing
主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
At that time she was working as an assistant in a physics labarory.
They took us to see the chemical fibre mill that they were building.
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately,
since„for„,in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done
主要表示此刻以前曾经发生的动作或情况。如：
Grain output has greatly increased in the past few years. The area has suffered from disastrous floods throughout its history.
注意：过去时和现在完成时的区别： 现完成时的基本特点是它和现在有密切的联系，或是指迄今为止这一段时间的情况，或是过去发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果等。而过去时主要强调过去某时刻所发生的动作或情况，与现在没有任何联系。如： Up till now we have planted over 10,000 apple trees.
I saw him a minute ago.
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month„),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
主要表示过去某时刻前业已完成的动作或存在的状态，其实就是指过去的过去。使用
时往往要要在从句中或有一个明确的过去时间状语。
Before daybreak they had covered half the distance.
No sooner had the rain stopped than they set out again.
He had not learned any English before he came to the university.
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, in a few minutes, by„,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
它表示将要发生的动作或情况。
They will sit the post-graduate examinations next autumn.
The teacher will not let me go home before I have finished my homework.
八、现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时由have（has）been加动词的现在分词构成，表示发生在过去的某个动作延续到现在或刚刚完成，或许还要继续延续。这种时态侧重于这个动作的连续性，或者说不间断性。例如：
I’ve been waiting for you for the whole morning.
It has been raining for three days. Where have you been?
She has been busy preparing the exhibition since we met last time.