第一单元 Think about it
1.List your principles of reading.Ask your partner for his or hers.
The answer:
Leiyu:Extensive reading(泛读) ：read more book in different area open our mind
Intensive reading(精读): repeated studies it with analyzing and evaluating ,for example ,professional books.
Scaning reading(通读) ：only to know what the author want to express.
Marking while reading(标注) :extract important lines and record your feelings about it .
Zhangyi: 1.Phonemic awareness is understanding the sounds of words.
2.understanding and using phonics.
3.need to come to their reading material with a sense of the meanings of words.
4.Comprehension is the final stage of reading success for a learner.
Chenwei:In my opinion, when we are reading, we should have different principles of reading to different books. On one hand, when we read magazines or newspapers, maybe we only need to understand general idea, so skimming and scanning is enough. On the other hand, when facing some classical and good books, in order to understand drastically we should concentrate on it and be careful of some details.
zhangshuangdong: start from the summary: I can get the general understanding of the book.
Then read what is the most important or I’m very interested in .
Read to think: not only to read the book ,but also to think about what it says ,so that I can get more information out the book .then communicate with others .
2.What kind of book is your favourite ?Tell the class your reading habits.
The answer:
Leiyu : I like read some book to make me relax ,like suspense novel ,joke or some travel notes .
For this relaxing book ,I always make scaning reading ,except something that attract
me more, and I always read on bus or train, it can make time flies .
Zhangyi: Find the pleasure inScience fiction 科幻小说let me play a rich
imagination ，open thinking
My reading habits：If I am interested in the book,I will carefully read through the full
text and
fathom 揣测 the ideas of the author and the writing background.If it is not enough to
attract me,Just look at the introduction ,the beginning and the end.
Chenwei: For me, some classic or motivational books are my favorites. I think they
are really good books and their plot are attractive. We can be also encouraged by
some figures in it.
When I’m a little tired, I will read some books. I believe enjoying some good
books can make body and mind comfortable. I will appreciate it.
Zhangshuangdong : I read a lot .for example: history fiction, fantasy novel and some
professional book what I was mayor in .
Reading habits: for the novels ,reading while listening music; and for the
professional book, reading in a good environment, and make many marks on book.
第一单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.Do you know anything about American science education?
The answer:
In American, quality education is adopted and it emphasizes on innovation.In this education system, the students take part in many social practices and pay attention to their own subjects that they are interested in. They have enough confidence to do what they want. And the achievement is not the unique standard to weigh the students’ ability .
2.Do you think market forces play an important role in the curricular organization?
The answer:
Y es, I do. Students' Curricula consider two aspects. One is interest, the o ther is that must be useful to the future. Most American institutions of higher learning must compete for students. Market forces therefore compel curricular organization, to be centered on student "customers". Universities must teach in a student-sensitive manner and offer, shopping-mall style, a great variety of courses that will attract as many students as possible.
3.What are the major aims of science education?
The answer:
The major aim of education is to improve the scientific quality of people. And education must serve for the socialist modernization,
be combine with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically.
第三单元 Think about it
1.Have you ever had /heard of an interesting / unpleasant shopping experience ?
The answer:
Leiyu: interesting shopping experience
About two years ago, on seventeenth of December, it is my parents wedding anniversary of 25 years ,and it always be called the silver wedding. And the next day is my brother ’s birthday .also ,it is the first year that my brother start to work .for us , it’s very happy .my brother decided to go shopping with the whole family ,and want to buy present for my partents and me .we walk shops and shops ,never felt tired,the whole day ,we walked on the street together happily ,and get new present ,and then eat a good dish .in my memory ,it is the most interesting shopping experience.
zhangyi: Row a long team，cashiers rarely.Buy things over the guarantee period.
Chenwei : An unpleasant shopping experience
When I’m 6 or 7 years old, my mother asked me to buy a bottle of soy in the shop. So taking five yuan, I went to a small shop with happiness. I thought that the soy may be cost three, so I would have another two with myself. I came to the shop and easily found the soy. As expected, it took me three yuan. I felt very happy like a bird in the sky and I went home jumping and dancing. Suddenly I slipped down and the soy bottle was broken. I feel very sad and was afraid of blame from my mother. So I thought this time I really “hit the soy”
zhangshuangdong: unpleasant experience of online shopping: once upon the time ,I surf a famous brand for a pair of shoes ,and surfed a famous online shop, and the rules is that I need to pay for it andvance ,and I do .after 3 days ,In front of me was a pair of shoes that looked different with the picture ,and even more,one was size39,and another is 40,.then I connect with the seller ,and told him the problem,but unfortunately ,the seller told me with bad attitude that ,the shoes had been sold out ,I could just exchange another one ,but I must pay the express freight myself .I had no
choice. The unpleasure experience online taught me that we should be carefully of the
advertisement ,and contact with the seller about some problems what maybe
happened.
2.What do you think are the future trends in retailing?
The answer:
①.Non-store outperforms store-based retailing more because of a small base
Non-store retailing, relatively new and represented by direct selling, homeshopping
and internet retailing, posted stronger value growth, more because of a small
consumer base. The increasing popularity of the internet and TV shopping has also
contributed to the vigorous growth.
②.Further market segmentation and differentiated competition
The retailing market is growing fiercer in term of competition and retailers are
working on new concepts to lure customers, such as market segmentation, so as to
produce points of differentiation.
③.Expansion of private label
④.Chained operation preferable
A chained operation plays a key role in a retailer’s expansion. Through economies of
scale, retailers can reduce costs, maximise resources , ultimately and profitability.
第三单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.What’s your favorite retail store in your city? why?
The answer:
1). ZhongBai in WuHan(武汉中百仓储）
It is a retailer corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. It does business in most major categories, including appliances, furniture, clothing stores, foodstuffs, and other merchandise categories. Consumers can benefit from their lower costs and quality assurance.
2).Apple Retail Store（苹果体验店）
No matter how you like to shop, you can do it at the Apple Store. Test-drive any Apple product. Get all your questions answered by a knowledgeable Specialist. Or browse and buy on your own. And when you purchase a new Apple product, we can even set it up for you before you leave the store.
3).Carrefour （家乐福）
Carrefour business idea is to low prices, excellent customer service and
comfortable shopping environment for the vast number of consumers with the daily life of all kinds of consumer goods. Carrefour on customer commitment is in the price, product variety, quality, service and convenience and so on various aspects meet the needs of the consumers. Carrefour strive to through their own efforts to become the local community the best shopping place, and provide customers with more material benefit and convenience, and hand in hand and the business partner for the local
economic prosperity to contribute.
2.What special sales techniques do supermarkets and department stores use in your city?
The answer:
1).Free gifts
Use promotional items and free gifts
Gifts feedback
VIP cards
Loyalty card
Lucky draw or draw a lottery or raffle
2).Low price has been a great success on carrefour magic weapon. Carrefour has been trying to through various channels to control and reduce cost.
First of all, carrefour large-scale management strategy, make its can obtain the modern large commercial scale effect, the scale effect and can through the large-scale, large quantities of purchase, enjoy the quantity discount into company's low cost advantage. Carrefour powerful scale can greatly reduce the delivery cost.
Secondly, the use of supplier's capital turnover, accordingly, carrefour has its own liquidity will occupy less, so as to greatly reduce the cost of capital of carrefour. Third, carrefour commodity turnover quickly. Carrefour has a strong purchasing ability and the ability to negotiate with supplier, it is for the goods to ensure the rapid turnover. Goods fast turnaround, floating capital takes up less, can greatly reduce the cost of capital.
In addition, in the selection of commodities, carrefour tend to localization. The structure of the products for different countries or areas of consumer habits and consumption psychology make corresponding adjustment.
3.What do you think of Chinese supermarkets compared with those in America? The answer:
1).Chinese consumers preferred to select their own live fish and seafood; stores began displaying the meat uncovered and installed fish tanks, leading to higher sales.
2).In my opinion,there are not too much differences between Chinese supermarkets and American supermarkets.But, American supermarkets usually have a long history and mature management system, by contrast, China's supermarkets business have not yet reached this point. In addition, a American supermarket is almost a large shopping and entertainment center, while in China most of the supermarket is very simple.
3).The conditions of the cause of different. The supermarket is formed in the
economic depression of the s, the market is very rich, goods for sale merchants compete, founded the optional sales mode, and further perfect for super market. Therefore, the United States the origin and development of the supermarket is a natural process, have significant positive role. Our country in the supermarket goods also is not abundant enough, it is not the result of competition between sellers, and 80 s commercial modernization level, mass consumption level, food packaging technology does not adapt
Mode of operation is different. The United States is used mostly supermarket chain operation organization form, a collectivized management, purchase and general practice when joint purchase distribution, enjoy higher price discount, low cost, and competitive. But our country more than the supermarket as independent management is given priority to, even if the chain supermarket generally only a dozen branch, competitiveness is still relatively weak.
第五单元 Think about it
1.How do you think of children participating in sports?
The answer:
I think sports are highly worthwhile for children. Adults must be supportive of children ’s involvement in informal sports. The biggest single influencing factor on children ’s participation in sport is families and parents. Parents should encourage this as it fosters cooperation and social skills necessary for the broader society.
2.According to your knowledge about children,how do they really think about sports?
The answer:
In children ’s mind,sports give them a time to relax themselves.They can have fun without all of the pressure from the endless homework.
Secondly ,it is a great chance to show themselves around their classmates.If he is good at playing football or table tennis,he will be proud of himself,and it will boost his confidence.
Thirdly ,sports is also helpful for their study .After doing sports ,children may go back to learn by themselves ,without commands from parents or teachers.
第五单元 Getting Ready to read
1．Do you like watching sports? Why or why not?
The answer:
Y es, I like watching sports very much.
Firstly, a wonderful match will make me forget all the troubles. By watching sports, I can see a lot of stars and their excellent performances, and the most exciting thing for me is to see my idols win the game. What’s more, I also can learn lots of useful experiences to improve my skills.
Secondly, watching sports allows us to enter a perfect world where the suspenseful outcome has no bearing on our real lives. We can relax ourselves completely .
Finally, wonderful sports games, being ups and downs and full of energy, let us nervous. So I have been looking forward to the next Olympic Games all the time.
2. Please explain the correlation between human nature and sports? The answer:
World is far from perfect, and people can find safe, secure and fairness in sports. People always complain the unfairness of the daily life, such as job problems, study pressure, family pressure and so on, and always compare with others. It needs a way to let off these unsatisfied feelings, and sport is a good way.
People like drama, suspension and resolution, which are all elements inherent in sports. We are eager to feel different kinds of stimulations. And we can find these feeling in sports. For example, we can find suspension before a race, and find resolution during a boxing game.
Basic flight or fight mentality is manifested in sports. We always call a game between two famous players. It states that sports are very familiar with war, which is a reptilian basic active.
We should respect the nature of human being, play the natural value of sports to make the balanced development of human being on both mind and body . So proposing human nature idea in sports teaching process is the correction on
disadvantages of traditional sports teaching and the perfection of modern sports teaching conception.
3. What is your understanding about the spirit of sports?
The answer:
As far as I am concerned, the spirit of sports is a kind of positive spirit,a spirit that leads people keep moving forward and never give up. It encourages people to keep challenging themselves and their opponents. As is known to all, in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Game, Liu Xiang failed in the 110-hurdle race because of his injury . He can quit the race after he injured, but he insisted on jumping to the endline.It is the sport spirit that makes him keep fighting .Although he lost in the race, he is still the pride of us. Of course, the spirit of sports is not confined to sports,it is reflected in every aspect of our lives. When we faced difficulties, it encourages us to get over them and to move forward. When we are beaten by others, it keep makes up keep fighting. In a word,I think the spirit of sports is a kind of positive spirit which keep up moving forward.
第七单元 Think about it
1. What’s your opinion about the increasing number of the cars in the world? Could you figure out some solutions to the more and more crowd transportation?
The answer:
①It is a result of the development of the economy and technology . Cars represent the advancement of the society and the quality of people’s living standard. However, too many cars may bring traffic congestion and environmental pollution.
②The primary consideration is the construction of road. The government should encourage people to choose where, when and for what to drive, reduce the quantities of the car, use different transports instead of cars, such as subway, bus, tram(电车) and so on. Moreover, to promote the development of the public transportation is also an effective way.
2. Are you for or against that China should encourage more private cars? List your reasons.
The answer:
①I am against it. Firstly, China has a large population, and the necessary facilities are not enough to meet people’s demands, especially for people in urban cities. Secondly, most people in China are still struggling for a better housing and a better stomach. Thirdly , more cars in China will bring more environment problems, such as air pollution, noise pollution and energy scarce.(采用的是课本上给的参考答案)
②I'm for it. Firstly, it can make people ’s life more convenient and comfortable. Secondly, more private cars promote the development of automotive industry and solve a series of employment problems. Thirdly , Stimulate the generation of new technology of car.
3.What major interests dominate the “highway lobby”？ The answer:
Reading audio books(有声小说) ，Listening music，Wireless （无线上网）and so on.
第七单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.Name five external costs of motor vehicles(from personal observation and thought).
The answer:
From my perspective, it would have some negative impact on our daily life. Such as
1、air pollution 2、the urban noise problem 3、the gridlock(交通阻塞) 4、the traffic accidents 5、energy waste.
Then we can see it just like a two-edged sword.
2.Briefly characterize the automobile's impacts on each of the following elements of U.S. Environment:(a) urban land-use;(b) natural resource use;(c) solid wastes;(d) air quality;(e) energy use. The answer:
（a ）urban land-use
1> With the rapid development of automobile industry , the number of automobile in the city has became more and more, this needs city has more parking space to meet more and more automobiles ’ need, it will make more a nd more urban land occupied by the car.
随着汽车产业的迅速发展，城市里的汽车数量也越来越多，这就需要城市有更多的停车位来满足越来越多的汽车的需要，这就会使得越来越多的城市土地被汽车所占据。
2> More and more automobiles in the city also put forward a higher request on the city’s traffic, it needs the city has more broad roads, this leads to more urban land occupied by roads.
城市中越来越多的汽车对城市的交通也提出了更高的要求，它需要城市有更宽广的道路，这就使得大量的城市土地被道路所占据。
3> As more automobiles need more urban land to meet their need, which will make the limited urban land much more tension.
由于越多的汽车就需要越多的城市土地来满足它们的需要，这就是的有限的城市土地变得更加紧张。
4> Because of the number of automobile are increasing continuously, a lot of urban land will be occupied, which resulting in people’s sport space decline.
因为城市里汽车的不断增多，所以大量的土地会被汽车所占据，这就导致人们的活动空间减少。
(b)natural resource use
1> Automobile production will consume large amounts of natural resource, such
as steel coal, water, and so on.
汽车的生产会消耗大量的自然资源，诸如钢材 煤、水、等等。
2> Excessive production of automobiles will cause a lot of waste of natural
resources.
过量的汽车生产会造成大量的自然资源的浪费。
3> In the process of automobile use it will consume a large amount of petroleum
resources.
汽车在使用的过程中会消耗掉大量的石油资源。
4>Automobiles not only consume a lot of natural resources, but also caused a large number of the waste of resources, mainly in terms of resource utilization is not full and cannot be repeated use of natural resources.
汽车不仅消耗了大量的自然资源，同时也造成了大量的资源浪费，这主要表现在对资源利用的不充分和不能重复利用自然资源。
(c)solid waste
The automobile’s solid waste including non-ferrous metals, scrap tires, glass, plastic, ferrous metals and other solid waste generated by the scrap car, the car's open-air waste discarded stacked, is a waste of materials and impact on the environment and the social problems of the occupied land in the developed world, which has become a social public nuisance.
(d)air quality
In modern society，automobile has become a necessary part in our daily life. With the growth of the number of automobiles, despite of the convenience they bring to us, they are also responsible for a great part of air pollution. It is said that automobile
emission occupies 30%~60% of air pollution. The adverse health effects of automobile pollution are pervasive and difficult to measure, and these people in the urban area become the first victims.
Why do automobile emissions create such severe harm to the earth? They mainly consist of carbon monoxide, oxnitride, hydrocarbon, sulfur dioxide, and other smoke and dusts. According to a survey, every one thousand cars produce 3000 kilograms of carbon monoxide, 200~400 kilograms of hydrocarbon, 50~150 kilograms of oxnitride every day, which make the automobile pollution be the first killer of fresh air.
Carbon monoxide plays the most important role in the automobile pollution. it which may enter our lungs through the respiratory tract, absorbed into blood, reduce the ability of carrying oxygen of blood, so that it could cause symptoms like headache and even death.
(e)energy use
As a powerful country in the world,America own largest number of automobiles than any other countries.So a problem they must face is energy use. America is also a big energy consumption country . And the traffic energy consumption accounts for 27%.The main consumption is used on automobiles.
Gasoline is the main car fuel.With largest number of automobiles,American must use a lot of oil.So American is also the world's largest oil consumer and importer. More than 500 million tons of crude oil imports each year.
In order to solve the problem of energy consumption,America government introducts of new energy policy which Improve the car fuel efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption.
3.Are you for or against the increasing development of privates cars in China?
The answer:
不支持：
1. The overly rapid growth of private car ownership has increased urban traffic pressure, making traffic congestion and parking difficulties two major problems in
city management. For example, people in large cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, which have the largest numbers of automobiles find that it took about an hour-and-a-half from home to the office during the rush hour, although it is only a half-hour ride if traffic is smooth.
2. The growing use of cars in China is contributing to loss of arable land. More arable（适于耕种的） land has to give way to roads and parking lots to ease transportation bottlenecks and accommodate a rapidly increasing number of vehicles.
3. When the number of private cars in China reach or approach that in the United States, China will have huge oil demand, considerably increasing its reliance on import oil. Furthermore, the excessive number of autos in service will make China’s existing urban infrastructure and management unbearable.
4 .Privates cars emit too much exhaust fumes and thus pollute the air. This causes further problems. The old people especially suffer a lot from it. Private cars also contribute greatly to the increase of traffic jams and accidents. If the speed of road construction can not keep up with the quickly growing numbers of the cars, the road will be crowded seriously as time goes on.
支持：
1. The increase of the private cars has changed the traffic structure. It has strengthened the space accessibility , and improved the transport capacity . Long distance is never an obstacle, which changes people's house purchasing mind and gradually induces people, commercial centers and related industries to move to the edge of a city and influences the pattern and scale of the residential space. Finally it makes the residential area become larger and broader.
2. Private cars do bring us a lot of conveniences. There is no need to wait for a bus or other public transportation for people with a car, and he can drive wherever he wants if condition permits. Furthermore, the expanding of car industry provides plenty of job openings, which also benefits other relative industries. Besides, compared with the one who goes to work by public transportation means, one who goes to work by his own car most probably has a better mood when he gets there, which would make his
job more effective and efficient.
3. China should actively adjust the structure of its auto industry , improve the overall strength of the auto industry and accelerate the pace of “becoming a strong auto production country. ”
开场白：
As rapid development of economy,automobiles have been a indispensable part in our life. Despite of the convenience they bring to us,what can not be neglected is the negative impact on our daily life.
结束语：
We should comprehensively consider the influence automobiles bring to us.
第一单元 Think about it
1.List your principles of reading.Ask your partner for his or hers.
The answer:
Leiyu:Extensive reading(泛读) ：read more book in different area open our mind
Intensive reading(精读): repeated studies it with analyzing and evaluating ,for example ,professional books.
Scaning reading(通读) ：only to know what the author want to express.
Marking while reading(标注) :extract important lines and record your feelings about it .
Zhangyi: 1.Phonemic awareness is understanding the sounds of words.
2.understanding and using phonics.
3.need to come to their reading material with a sense of the meanings of words.
4.Comprehension is the final stage of reading success for a learner.
Chenwei:In my opinion, when we are reading, we should have different principles of reading to different books. On one hand, when we read magazines or newspapers, maybe we only need to understand general idea, so skimming and scanning is enough. On the other hand, when facing some classical and good books, in order to understand drastically we should concentrate on it and be careful of some details.
zhangshuangdong: start from the summary: I can get the general understanding of the book.
Then read what is the most important or I’m very interested in .
Read to think: not only to read the book ,but also to think about what it says ,so that I can get more information out the book .then communicate with others .
2.What kind of book is your favourite ?Tell the class your reading habits.
The answer:
Leiyu : I like read some book to make me relax ,like suspense novel ,joke or some travel notes .
For this relaxing book ,I always make scaning reading ,except something that attract
me more, and I always read on bus or train, it can make time flies .
Zhangyi: Find the pleasure inScience fiction 科幻小说let me play a rich
imagination ，open thinking
My reading habits：If I am interested in the book,I will carefully read through the full
text and
fathom 揣测 the ideas of the author and the writing background.If it is not enough to
attract me,Just look at the introduction ,the beginning and the end.
Chenwei: For me, some classic or motivational books are my favorites. I think they
are really good books and their plot are attractive. We can be also encouraged by
some figures in it.
When I’m a little tired, I will read some books. I believe enjoying some good
books can make body and mind comfortable. I will appreciate it.
Zhangshuangdong : I read a lot .for example: history fiction, fantasy novel and some
professional book what I was mayor in .
Reading habits: for the novels ,reading while listening music; and for the
professional book, reading in a good environment, and make many marks on book.
第一单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.Do you know anything about American science education?
The answer:
In American, quality education is adopted and it emphasizes on innovation.In this education system, the students take part in many social practices and pay attention to their own subjects that they are interested in. They have enough confidence to do what they want. And the achievement is not the unique standard to weigh the students’ ability .
2.Do you think market forces play an important role in the curricular organization?
The answer:
Y es, I do. Students' Curricula consider two aspects. One is interest, the o ther is that must be useful to the future. Most American institutions of higher learning must compete for students. Market forces therefore compel curricular organization, to be centered on student "customers". Universities must teach in a student-sensitive manner and offer, shopping-mall style, a great variety of courses that will attract as many students as possible.
3.What are the major aims of science education?
The answer:
The major aim of education is to improve the scientific quality of people. And education must serve for the socialist modernization,
be combine with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically.
第三单元 Think about it
1.Have you ever had /heard of an interesting / unpleasant shopping experience ?
The answer:
Leiyu: interesting shopping experience
About two years ago, on seventeenth of December, it is my parents wedding anniversary of 25 years ,and it always be called the silver wedding. And the next day is my brother ’s birthday .also ,it is the first year that my brother start to work .for us , it’s very happy .my brother decided to go shopping with the whole family ,and want to buy present for my partents and me .we walk shops and shops ,never felt tired,the whole day ,we walked on the street together happily ,and get new present ,and then eat a good dish .in my memory ,it is the most interesting shopping experience.
zhangyi: Row a long team，cashiers rarely.Buy things over the guarantee period.
Chenwei : An unpleasant shopping experience
When I’m 6 or 7 years old, my mother asked me to buy a bottle of soy in the shop. So taking five yuan, I went to a small shop with happiness. I thought that the soy may be cost three, so I would have another two with myself. I came to the shop and easily found the soy. As expected, it took me three yuan. I felt very happy like a bird in the sky and I went home jumping and dancing. Suddenly I slipped down and the soy bottle was broken. I feel very sad and was afraid of blame from my mother. So I thought this time I really “hit the soy”
zhangshuangdong: unpleasant experience of online shopping: once upon the time ,I surf a famous brand for a pair of shoes ,and surfed a famous online shop, and the rules is that I need to pay for it andvance ,and I do .after 3 days ,In front of me was a pair of shoes that looked different with the picture ,and even more,one was size39,and another is 40,.then I connect with the seller ,and told him the problem,but unfortunately ,the seller told me with bad attitude that ,the shoes had been sold out ,I could just exchange another one ,but I must pay the express freight myself .I had no
choice. The unpleasure experience online taught me that we should be carefully of the
advertisement ,and contact with the seller about some problems what maybe
happened.
2.What do you think are the future trends in retailing?
The answer:
①.Non-store outperforms store-based retailing more because of a small base
Non-store retailing, relatively new and represented by direct selling, homeshopping
and internet retailing, posted stronger value growth, more because of a small
consumer base. The increasing popularity of the internet and TV shopping has also
contributed to the vigorous growth.
②.Further market segmentation and differentiated competition
The retailing market is growing fiercer in term of competition and retailers are
working on new concepts to lure customers, such as market segmentation, so as to
produce points of differentiation.
③.Expansion of private label
④.Chained operation preferable
A chained operation plays a key role in a retailer’s expansion. Through economies of
scale, retailers can reduce costs, maximise resources , ultimately and profitability.
第三单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.What’s your favorite retail store in your city? why?
The answer:
1). ZhongBai in WuHan(武汉中百仓储）
It is a retailer corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. It does business in most major categories, including appliances, furniture, clothing stores, foodstuffs, and other merchandise categories. Consumers can benefit from their lower costs and quality assurance.
2).Apple Retail Store（苹果体验店）
No matter how you like to shop, you can do it at the Apple Store. Test-drive any Apple product. Get all your questions answered by a knowledgeable Specialist. Or browse and buy on your own. And when you purchase a new Apple product, we can even set it up for you before you leave the store.
3).Carrefour （家乐福）
Carrefour business idea is to low prices, excellent customer service and
comfortable shopping environment for the vast number of consumers with the daily life of all kinds of consumer goods. Carrefour on customer commitment is in the price, product variety, quality, service and convenience and so on various aspects meet the needs of the consumers. Carrefour strive to through their own efforts to become the local community the best shopping place, and provide customers with more material benefit and convenience, and hand in hand and the business partner for the local
economic prosperity to contribute.
2.What special sales techniques do supermarkets and department stores use in your city?
The answer:
1).Free gifts
Use promotional items and free gifts
Gifts feedback
VIP cards
Loyalty card
Lucky draw or draw a lottery or raffle
2).Low price has been a great success on carrefour magic weapon. Carrefour has been trying to through various channels to control and reduce cost.
First of all, carrefour large-scale management strategy, make its can obtain the modern large commercial scale effect, the scale effect and can through the large-scale, large quantities of purchase, enjoy the quantity discount into company's low cost advantage. Carrefour powerful scale can greatly reduce the delivery cost.
Secondly, the use of supplier's capital turnover, accordingly, carrefour has its own liquidity will occupy less, so as to greatly reduce the cost of capital of carrefour. Third, carrefour commodity turnover quickly. Carrefour has a strong purchasing ability and the ability to negotiate with supplier, it is for the goods to ensure the rapid turnover. Goods fast turnaround, floating capital takes up less, can greatly reduce the cost of capital.
In addition, in the selection of commodities, carrefour tend to localization. The structure of the products for different countries or areas of consumer habits and consumption psychology make corresponding adjustment.
3.What do you think of Chinese supermarkets compared with those in America? The answer:
1).Chinese consumers preferred to select their own live fish and seafood; stores began displaying the meat uncovered and installed fish tanks, leading to higher sales.
2).In my opinion,there are not too much differences between Chinese supermarkets and American supermarkets.But, American supermarkets usually have a long history and mature management system, by contrast, China's supermarkets business have not yet reached this point. In addition, a American supermarket is almost a large shopping and entertainment center, while in China most of the supermarket is very simple.
3).The conditions of the cause of different. The supermarket is formed in the
economic depression of the s, the market is very rich, goods for sale merchants compete, founded the optional sales mode, and further perfect for super market. Therefore, the United States the origin and development of the supermarket is a natural process, have significant positive role. Our country in the supermarket goods also is not abundant enough, it is not the result of competition between sellers, and 80 s commercial modernization level, mass consumption level, food packaging technology does not adapt
Mode of operation is different. The United States is used mostly supermarket chain operation organization form, a collectivized management, purchase and general practice when joint purchase distribution, enjoy higher price discount, low cost, and competitive. But our country more than the supermarket as independent management is given priority to, even if the chain supermarket generally only a dozen branch, competitiveness is still relatively weak.
第五单元 Think about it
1.How do you think of children participating in sports?
The answer:
I think sports are highly worthwhile for children. Adults must be supportive of children ’s involvement in informal sports. The biggest single influencing factor on children ’s participation in sport is families and parents. Parents should encourage this as it fosters cooperation and social skills necessary for the broader society.
2.According to your knowledge about children,how do they really think about sports?
The answer:
In children ’s mind,sports give them a time to relax themselves.They can have fun without all of the pressure from the endless homework.
Secondly ,it is a great chance to show themselves around their classmates.If he is good at playing football or table tennis,he will be proud of himself,and it will boost his confidence.
Thirdly ,sports is also helpful for their study .After doing sports ,children may go back to learn by themselves ,without commands from parents or teachers.
第五单元 Getting Ready to read
1．Do you like watching sports? Why or why not?
The answer:
Y es, I like watching sports very much.
Firstly, a wonderful match will make me forget all the troubles. By watching sports, I can see a lot of stars and their excellent performances, and the most exciting thing for me is to see my idols win the game. What’s more, I also can learn lots of useful experiences to improve my skills.
Secondly, watching sports allows us to enter a perfect world where the suspenseful outcome has no bearing on our real lives. We can relax ourselves completely .
Finally, wonderful sports games, being ups and downs and full of energy, let us nervous. So I have been looking forward to the next Olympic Games all the time.
2. Please explain the correlation between human nature and sports? The answer:
World is far from perfect, and people can find safe, secure and fairness in sports. People always complain the unfairness of the daily life, such as job problems, study pressure, family pressure and so on, and always compare with others. It needs a way to let off these unsatisfied feelings, and sport is a good way.
People like drama, suspension and resolution, which are all elements inherent in sports. We are eager to feel different kinds of stimulations. And we can find these feeling in sports. For example, we can find suspension before a race, and find resolution during a boxing game.
Basic flight or fight mentality is manifested in sports. We always call a game between two famous players. It states that sports are very familiar with war, which is a reptilian basic active.
We should respect the nature of human being, play the natural value of sports to make the balanced development of human being on both mind and body . So proposing human nature idea in sports teaching process is the correction on
disadvantages of traditional sports teaching and the perfection of modern sports teaching conception.
3. What is your understanding about the spirit of sports?
The answer:
As far as I am concerned, the spirit of sports is a kind of positive spirit,a spirit that leads people keep moving forward and never give up. It encourages people to keep challenging themselves and their opponents. As is known to all, in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Game, Liu Xiang failed in the 110-hurdle race because of his injury . He can quit the race after he injured, but he insisted on jumping to the endline.It is the sport spirit that makes him keep fighting .Although he lost in the race, he is still the pride of us. Of course, the spirit of sports is not confined to sports,it is reflected in every aspect of our lives. When we faced difficulties, it encourages us to get over them and to move forward. When we are beaten by others, it keep makes up keep fighting. In a word,I think the spirit of sports is a kind of positive spirit which keep up moving forward.
第七单元 Think about it
1. What’s your opinion about the increasing number of the cars in the world? Could you figure out some solutions to the more and more crowd transportation?
The answer:
①It is a result of the development of the economy and technology . Cars represent the advancement of the society and the quality of people’s living standard. However, too many cars may bring traffic congestion and environmental pollution.
②The primary consideration is the construction of road. The government should encourage people to choose where, when and for what to drive, reduce the quantities of the car, use different transports instead of cars, such as subway, bus, tram(电车) and so on. Moreover, to promote the development of the public transportation is also an effective way.
2. Are you for or against that China should encourage more private cars? List your reasons.
The answer:
①I am against it. Firstly, China has a large population, and the necessary facilities are not enough to meet people’s demands, especially for people in urban cities. Secondly, most people in China are still struggling for a better housing and a better stomach. Thirdly , more cars in China will bring more environment problems, such as air pollution, noise pollution and energy scarce.(采用的是课本上给的参考答案)
②I'm for it. Firstly, it can make people ’s life more convenient and comfortable. Secondly, more private cars promote the development of automotive industry and solve a series of employment problems. Thirdly , Stimulate the generation of new technology of car.
3.What major interests dominate the “highway lobby”？ The answer:
Reading audio books(有声小说) ，Listening music，Wireless （无线上网）and so on.
第七单元 Getting Ready to Read
1.Name five external costs of motor vehicles(from personal observation and thought).
The answer:
From my perspective, it would have some negative impact on our daily life. Such as
1、air pollution 2、the urban noise problem 3、the gridlock(交通阻塞) 4、the traffic accidents 5、energy waste.
Then we can see it just like a two-edged sword.
2.Briefly characterize the automobile's impacts on each of the following elements of U.S. Environment:(a) urban land-use;(b) natural resource use;(c) solid wastes;(d) air quality;(e) energy use. The answer:
（a ）urban land-use
1> With the rapid development of automobile industry , the number of automobile in the city has became more and more, this needs city has more parking space to meet more and more automobiles ’ need, it will make more a nd more urban land occupied by the car.
随着汽车产业的迅速发展，城市里的汽车数量也越来越多，这就需要城市有更多的停车位来满足越来越多的汽车的需要，这就会使得越来越多的城市土地被汽车所占据。
2> More and more automobiles in the city also put forward a higher request on the city’s traffic, it needs the city has more broad roads, this leads to more urban land occupied by roads.
城市中越来越多的汽车对城市的交通也提出了更高的要求，它需要城市有更宽广的道路，这就使得大量的城市土地被道路所占据。
3> As more automobiles need more urban land to meet their need, which will make the limited urban land much more tension.
由于越多的汽车就需要越多的城市土地来满足它们的需要，这就是的有限的城市土地变得更加紧张。
4> Because of the number of automobile are increasing continuously, a lot of urban land will be occupied, which resulting in people’s sport space decline.
因为城市里汽车的不断增多，所以大量的土地会被汽车所占据，这就导致人们的活动空间减少。
(b)natural resource use
1> Automobile production will consume large amounts of natural resource, such
as steel coal, water, and so on.
汽车的生产会消耗大量的自然资源，诸如钢材 煤、水、等等。
2> Excessive production of automobiles will cause a lot of waste of natural
resources.
过量的汽车生产会造成大量的自然资源的浪费。
3> In the process of automobile use it will consume a large amount of petroleum
resources.
汽车在使用的过程中会消耗掉大量的石油资源。
4>Automobiles not only consume a lot of natural resources, but also caused a large number of the waste of resources, mainly in terms of resource utilization is not full and cannot be repeated use of natural resources.
汽车不仅消耗了大量的自然资源，同时也造成了大量的资源浪费，这主要表现在对资源利用的不充分和不能重复利用自然资源。
(c)solid waste
The automobile’s solid waste including non-ferrous metals, scrap tires, glass, plastic, ferrous metals and other solid waste generated by the scrap car, the car's open-air waste discarded stacked, is a waste of materials and impact on the environment and the social problems of the occupied land in the developed world, which has become a social public nuisance.
(d)air quality
In modern society，automobile has become a necessary part in our daily life. With the growth of the number of automobiles, despite of the convenience they bring to us, they are also responsible for a great part of air pollution. It is said that automobile
emission occupies 30%~60% of air pollution. The adverse health effects of automobile pollution are pervasive and difficult to measure, and these people in the urban area become the first victims.
Why do automobile emissions create such severe harm to the earth? They mainly consist of carbon monoxide, oxnitride, hydrocarbon, sulfur dioxide, and other smoke and dusts. According to a survey, every one thousand cars produce 3000 kilograms of carbon monoxide, 200~400 kilograms of hydrocarbon, 50~150 kilograms of oxnitride every day, which make the automobile pollution be the first killer of fresh air.
Carbon monoxide plays the most important role in the automobile pollution. it which may enter our lungs through the respiratory tract, absorbed into blood, reduce the ability of carrying oxygen of blood, so that it could cause symptoms like headache and even death.
(e)energy use
As a powerful country in the world,America own largest number of automobiles than any other countries.So a problem they must face is energy use. America is also a big energy consumption country . And the traffic energy consumption accounts for 27%.The main consumption is used on automobiles.
Gasoline is the main car fuel.With largest number of automobiles,American must use a lot of oil.So American is also the world's largest oil consumer and importer. More than 500 million tons of crude oil imports each year.
In order to solve the problem of energy consumption,America government introducts of new energy policy which Improve the car fuel efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption.
3.Are you for or against the increasing development of privates cars in China?
The answer:
不支持：
1. The overly rapid growth of private car ownership has increased urban traffic pressure, making traffic congestion and parking difficulties two major problems in
city management. For example, people in large cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, which have the largest numbers of automobiles find that it took about an hour-and-a-half from home to the office during the rush hour, although it is only a half-hour ride if traffic is smooth.
2. The growing use of cars in China is contributing to loss of arable land. More arable（适于耕种的） land has to give way to roads and parking lots to ease transportation bottlenecks and accommodate a rapidly increasing number of vehicles.
3. When the number of private cars in China reach or approach that in the United States, China will have huge oil demand, considerably increasing its reliance on import oil. Furthermore, the excessive number of autos in service will make China’s existing urban infrastructure and management unbearable.
4 .Privates cars emit too much exhaust fumes and thus pollute the air. This causes further problems. The old people especially suffer a lot from it. Private cars also contribute greatly to the increase of traffic jams and accidents. If the speed of road construction can not keep up with the quickly growing numbers of the cars, the road will be crowded seriously as time goes on.
支持：
1. The increase of the private cars has changed the traffic structure. It has strengthened the space accessibility , and improved the transport capacity . Long distance is never an obstacle, which changes people's house purchasing mind and gradually induces people, commercial centers and related industries to move to the edge of a city and influences the pattern and scale of the residential space. Finally it makes the residential area become larger and broader.
2. Private cars do bring us a lot of conveniences. There is no need to wait for a bus or other public transportation for people with a car, and he can drive wherever he wants if condition permits. Furthermore, the expanding of car industry provides plenty of job openings, which also benefits other relative industries. Besides, compared with the one who goes to work by public transportation means, one who goes to work by his own car most probably has a better mood when he gets there, which would make his
job more effective and efficient.
3. China should actively adjust the structure of its auto industry , improve the overall strength of the auto industry and accelerate the pace of “becoming a strong auto production country. ”
开场白：
As rapid development of economy,automobiles have been a indispensable part in our life. Despite of the convenience they bring to us,what can not be neglected is the negative impact on our daily life.
结束语：
We should comprehensively consider the influence automobiles bring to us.