初中英语知识点
2008-12-06 21:10
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with 同„„一道，伴随„„
eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for „„求助 向„要„（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在„„岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of „„ „„的起初；„„的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够„„ eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕„„ eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of doing
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电
视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as„原级„as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从„„离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于„„ 32 be careful 当心；小心
33 be different from„„ 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以„„著名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自
eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满„„的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句
39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于„„
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像„„ eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由„„制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由„„制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕„„
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as „ 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作
74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start„with„=begin„with„ 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between„and„ 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向„„借„„ lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给„„什么东西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到„„为止
83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 87 come in 进来
88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？
92 dance to 随着„„跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查
95 do better in 在„„方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意„„
99 each +名（单）每一个„„ eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书
100 end up +doing
初中英语知识总结－－短语、词组和重点句型归纳
[短语、词组归纳]
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at„看„， look like „ 看上去像„„， look after „照料„
2．listen to„听„„
3．welcome to„欢迎到„„
4．say hello to „向„„问好
5．speak to„对„„说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着„„。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在„„排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。
8．at + 时刻表示钟点。
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像„„这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从„„”，后者意为“到„„”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：
on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1．I think„意为“我认为„„”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think„，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把„„给„„”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to„意为“把„„(送)带到„„”，后常接地点，也可接人。
4．One„, the other„/One is„and one is„意为“一个是„„；另一个是„„”，必须是两者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.
7．What about„？/How about„？意为“„„怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8．It’s time to do„/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做„„的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either„or„或者„„或者„„，不是„„就是„„
3. neither„nor„既不„„也不„„
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因„„而著名
8. on ones way to在„„途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在„„的尽头，在„„的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to„往„„（艰难地）走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室
23. at the head of„„在„„的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in„某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as„ 一„„就„„
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop„from doing sth. 阻止„„干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反复地
38. wake up 醒来，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从„„向外
46. all by oneself 独立，单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not„any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来，取回
50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追赶
54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of„=look after„(well) （好好）照顾，照料
56. think of 考虑到，想起
57. keep a diary 坚持写日记
58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
59. harder and harder 越来越厉害
60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等）
61. turn off 关
[重温重点句型]
1．So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．
前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结构。
注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／„crossing.
这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／„„个十字路口向右／左拐。”相当于Take the first ／second／„turning on theright／left.
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.
4．„think／find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。
5．What’s wrong with„？
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with„？后跟某物作宾语时，意
为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”
6．too„to„
在so„that„复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句too„to„（太„„而不能„„）进行句型转换。
在so„that„复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句„enough to„进行句型转换.
7．Sorry to hear that.
全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。
[重点句型、词组大盘点]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used to + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。
2.„return it sooner or later.
„„迟早要将它归还。
[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。
2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.
[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like„无论天气„„
[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。
[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有：
no matter when无论什么时候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方
no matter who无论谁
no matter how 无论怎么样
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。
[拓展]practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；
put a plan into practice实行某计划。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。
[用法]1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。
2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。
3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害
6. „to warn people about sharks in the water. „„警告人们当心水里的
鲨鱼。
[用法] warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事
初二上重点词组句型
一： key words
spelling
序数词 first second third fourth fifth twelfth twentieth
hundredth ninth ninethieth
月份 January February March April May June July August September October November December 形容词：Delicious dangerous careless strange strong
afraid important quick
tired sweet interesting slow exciting popular useful famous beautiful
rainy snowy wet
sunny cloudy low double oppoiste healthy (healthily)
动词： taste （名词）report (名词)
feed celebrate reply visit invent break fly hate
last enjoy remember invite smile shout marry climb finish pick
drive happen discuss start die tie grow hear show feel fall turn
介词： Along(alone lonely) around during before together outisde until next to
名词： mooncake forest museum village town city
scientist thousand concert painting
luck Science tourist season sunshine Temperature plate candle present birthday
cinema back umbrella newspaper accident heart word world 副词： always nearly never quite maybe
Key phrases
in the study 在书房 be the same as 一样 something sweet 一些甜食
go on a trip = be on a visit to = travel to 在旅行 trip over 被什么绊倒
come over to 顺便拜访，过来 turn„ over 把什么东西翻过来
be short for call sb For short缩写gie a talk to sb. 做演讲 Given name 取名
go fishing 去叼鱼 go boating 去划船 go hiking 去打猎 agree with 同意
hurry up 赶快 hurry to do sth. 急急忙忙去做某事 do sth. in a hurry 急急忙忙做什么
At first 开始 at the same time 同时 at times 有时 at breakfast 在早餐的时候
at the end of 在什么末 all the same 同样 all the time 一直 All the year round 一年到头
in the open air 在户外 on the left 在左边 on the right side 在右边
more than „ 更多 less than„. 更少 Had better do sth. 最好做某事 Ask for 请求 the day before yesterday 后天 a moment ago =Just now 刚才
grow up 长大 by the way 顺便问一下 go out 出去 say goodbye to 再见 be born 出生 give a concert 举行音乐会 go on 继续 hold on 稍后/等
take out 拿出 Be late for 迟到 get married 结婚 not „ any more 不再
It doesn’t matter 没关系have to不得不 in college 在大学 no problem 没问题
be far away from 离什么很远 be friendly to 友好的 Spring Festival 春节
Be born 出生 have a party 举行晚会enjoying sth. 喜欢做某事
help yourself to do sth. 请随便吃 begin to do sth. =Start to do sth. 开始做某事
Key drills
What are you going to do ?
Are you free tomorrow evening ?
Which do you like better , the city or the country ?
Which do you like best, dogs,cats or chikens?
Let’s make it four thirty.
Take the first turning on the right.
I am sorry to hear that.
I hope you are better now.
There is no time to think.
The radio says the snow will stop later on.
What’s the weather like? How is the weather? What will the weather be like tomrrow?
What’s the date today? It is the 20th of December.
Why no come a little earlier? All right.
Thank you for doing sth.
基本语法：
1：系数词和基数词的表达用法
2：形容词副词的比较等级以及相关句型和特殊词的变形 3：感叹句的用法
4：反意问句的用法
5：一般过去式以及动词的不规则的变形
6：问路和指路的五种基本表达
7：天气报告的表达和关键句型
8：一般将来时的两种表达以及there be 句型的一般将来时
初中英语知识点
2008-12-06 21:10
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+ do
eg :I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with 同„„一道，伴随„„
eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for „„求助 向„要„（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在„„岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of „„ „„的起初；„„的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够„„ eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕„„ eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of doing
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电
视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as„原级„as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从„„离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于„„ 32 be careful 当心；小心
33 be different from„„ 和什么不一样
34 be famous for 以„„著名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自
eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满„„的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句
39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于„„
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处 44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像„„ eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由„„制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由„„制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事
eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕„„
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as „ 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早起 He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
He is used to working hard He is used to hard work 他习惯努力工作
74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start„with„=begin„with„ 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between„and„ 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向„„借„„ lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给„„什么东西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到„„为止
83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 87 come in 进来
88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？
92 dance to 随着„„跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 decide to do sth 决定做某事
94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查
95 do better in 在„„方面做得更好
96 do wrong 做错
97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事
98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意„„
99 each +名（单）每一个„„ eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书
100 end up +doing
初中英语知识总结－－短语、词组和重点句型归纳
[短语、词组归纳]
由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：
一、动词+介词
1．look at„看„， look like „ 看上去像„„， look after „照料„
2．listen to„听„„
3．welcome to„欢迎到„„
4．say hello to „向„„问好
5．speak to„对„„说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A．动词（vt.）+副词
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。
B．动词（vi）+副词。
1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家
4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着„„。
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在„„排/队/班级/年级”等。
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。
8．at + 时刻表示钟点。
9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像„„这/那样”。
10．of短语表示所属关系。
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从„„”，后者意为“到„„”。 另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：
on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1．I think„意为“我认为„„”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think„，
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把„„给„„”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to„意为“把„„(送)带到„„”，后常接地点，也可接人。
4．One„, the other„/One is„and one is„意为“一个是„„；另一个是„„”，必须是两者中。
5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.
7．What about„？/How about„？意为“„„怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8．It’s time to do„/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做„„的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either„or„或者„„或者„„，不是„„就是„„
3. neither„nor„既不„„也不„„
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因„„而著名
8. on ones way to在„„途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在„„的尽头，在„„的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to„往„„（艰难地）走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室
23. at the head of„„在„„的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in„某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as„ 一„„就„„
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop„from doing sth. 阻止„„干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反复地
38. wake up 醒来，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从„„向外
46. all by oneself 独立，单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not„any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来，取回
50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追赶
54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of„=look after„(well) （好好）照顾，照料
56. think of 考虑到，想起
57. keep a diary 坚持写日记
58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
59. harder and harder 越来越厉害
60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等）
61. turn off 关
[重温重点句型]
1．So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．
前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结构。
注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／„crossing.
这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／„„个十字路口向右／左拐。”相当于Take the first ／second／„turning on theright／left.
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.
4．„think／find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。
5．What’s wrong with„？
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with„？后跟某物作宾语时，意
为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”
6．too„to„
在so„that„复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句too„to„（太„„而不能„„）进行句型转换。
在so„that„复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句„enough to„进行句型转换.
7．Sorry to hear that.
全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。
[重点句型、词组大盘点]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used to + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。
2.„return it sooner or later.
„„迟早要将它归还。
[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。
2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.
[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。
3.No matter what the weather is like„无论天气„„
[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。
[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有：
no matter when无论什么时候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方
no matter who无论谁
no matter how 无论怎么样
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。
[拓展]practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；
put a plan into practice实行某计划。
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。
[用法]1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。
2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。
3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害
6. „to warn people about sharks in the water. „„警告人们当心水里的
鲨鱼。
[用法] warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that从句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事
初二上重点词组句型
一： key words
spelling
序数词 first second third fourth fifth twelfth twentieth
hundredth ninth ninethieth
月份 January February March April May June July August September October November December 形容词：Delicious dangerous careless strange strong
afraid important quick
tired sweet interesting slow exciting popular useful famous beautiful
rainy snowy wet
sunny cloudy low double oppoiste healthy (healthily)
动词： taste （名词）report (名词)
feed celebrate reply visit invent break fly hate
last enjoy remember invite smile shout marry climb finish pick
drive happen discuss start die tie grow hear show feel fall turn
介词： Along(alone lonely) around during before together outisde until next to
名词： mooncake forest museum village town city
scientist thousand concert painting
luck Science tourist season sunshine Temperature plate candle present birthday
cinema back umbrella newspaper accident heart word world 副词： always nearly never quite maybe
Key phrases
in the study 在书房 be the same as 一样 something sweet 一些甜食
go on a trip = be on a visit to = travel to 在旅行 trip over 被什么绊倒
come over to 顺便拜访，过来 turn„ over 把什么东西翻过来
be short for call sb For short缩写gie a talk to sb. 做演讲 Given name 取名
go fishing 去叼鱼 go boating 去划船 go hiking 去打猎 agree with 同意
hurry up 赶快 hurry to do sth. 急急忙忙去做某事 do sth. in a hurry 急急忙忙做什么
At first 开始 at the same time 同时 at times 有时 at breakfast 在早餐的时候
at the end of 在什么末 all the same 同样 all the time 一直 All the year round 一年到头
in the open air 在户外 on the left 在左边 on the right side 在右边
more than „ 更多 less than„. 更少 Had better do sth. 最好做某事 Ask for 请求 the day before yesterday 后天 a moment ago =Just now 刚才
grow up 长大 by the way 顺便问一下 go out 出去 say goodbye to 再见 be born 出生 give a concert 举行音乐会 go on 继续 hold on 稍后/等
take out 拿出 Be late for 迟到 get married 结婚 not „ any more 不再
It doesn’t matter 没关系have to不得不 in college 在大学 no problem 没问题
be far away from 离什么很远 be friendly to 友好的 Spring Festival 春节
Be born 出生 have a party 举行晚会enjoying sth. 喜欢做某事
help yourself to do sth. 请随便吃 begin to do sth. =Start to do sth. 开始做某事
Key drills
What are you going to do ?
Are you free tomorrow evening ?
Which do you like better , the city or the country ?
Which do you like best, dogs,cats or chikens?
Let’s make it four thirty.
Take the first turning on the right.
I am sorry to hear that.
I hope you are better now.
There is no time to think.
The radio says the snow will stop later on.
What’s the weather like? How is the weather? What will the weather be like tomrrow?
What’s the date today? It is the 20th of December.
Why no come a little earlier? All right.
Thank you for doing sth.
基本语法：
1：系数词和基数词的表达用法
2：形容词副词的比较等级以及相关句型和特殊词的变形 3：感叹句的用法
4：反意问句的用法
5：一般过去式以及动词的不规则的变形
6：问路和指路的五种基本表达
7：天气报告的表达和关键句型
8：一般将来时的两种表达以及there be 句型的一般将来时